ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930240402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRadiation therapy is used in the treatment of about half of all cancer patients in the United States. The development of this specialty has been intimately involved with major advances in the physical sciences, from the discovery of x‐rays by Roentgen and radium by the Curies, to the technological breakthroughs of World War II that led to the60cobalt teletherapy unit and the modern linear accelerator‐the principal treatment machines in use today. These historical events are described and the principal characters introdu

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930240403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAdministration of the nitrosamine carcinogen N‐nitroso‐bis (2‐oxopropy 1) amine (BOP) by subcutaneous injection (5 mg/kg/week) led to the development of invasive pancreatic ductular adenocarcinoma in 100% of normal Syrian hamsters by 24 weeks. Pretreatment of a second group of hamsters with the beta‐cell toxin streptozotocin in a diabetogenic dose (50 mg/kg i.p × 3) completely prevented the development of pancreatic cancer when BOP was subsequently administered. The mechanism of blockade by streptozotocin is unknown. This study suggests the potential importance of the endocrine pancreas in exocrine pancreatic carcin

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930240404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe proliferative potential of nonmalignant and malignant cells obtained from the human large bowel was assessed with a soft agar culture colony‐forming technique and by flow cytometry to analyze cell cycle kinetics. No colony formation occurred with samples of normal human adult colon mucosa. The absence of colony formation in all but 1 of 24 evaluable colorectal adenomas suggested that malignancy of tissue in vivo is generally necessary for colony formation to occur in soft agar cultures. A high proliferative index (S + G2/M), as assessed by flow cytometry, was significantly associated with higher soft agar culture counts in a series of 25 colorectal carcinoma

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930240405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn carcinoma of the esophagus, response to in vivo sensitization with recall antigens and DNCB was markedly depressed with 13% and 16% positivity respectively. Similarly, the number of T‐cells was found to be significantly low (24 ± 14) as compared to normal control (61 ± 23). Blastogenesis index with PHA was only 1.75 ± 1.04 in contrast to normal of 6.79 ± 2.57. This depression was independent of serum albumin level and body weight. Cell‐mediated immunity was further depressed following radiotherapy and did not improve following enteral alimentation for 3 weeks. In untreated patients, there was a significant rise in levels of IgA (298 ± 184 mg/100 ml) as compared to normal (154 ± 54 mg/100 ml). Levels of IgA did show a downward trend following enteral hyperalimentation. Circulating immune complexes and serum CEA level were elevated in almost 50% of patients. These data confirm the influence of tumor‐related impairment of cell‐mediated immunity while nutrition appears to affe

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930240406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA case of submucous lipoma of the transverse colon is reported. The patient, a man aged 61, complained of recurrent crampy periumbilical pain. A plain x‐ray of the abdomen was negative, while a barium enema showed an intramural filling defect of the transverse colon which was interpreted as a probably degenerated colonic polyp. Laparotomy did not clarify the diagnosis which was readily clear when the lesion was cut, and confirmed by histolog

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930240407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInvasive colon adenocarcinomas with lymph node metastases can be induced in Sprague‐Dawley rats by 15 weekly intrarectal injections of 2 mg N‐methyl‐N‐nitrosourea (NMU). Extracts were prepared from invasive adenocarcinomas and normal rat colon mucosa by a 2 phase gradient. Mixed leukocyte tumor interaction (MLTI) assays stimulating lymphocytes from tumor‐bearing and normal rats were performed using these extracts. Quadruplicate cultures were established with 2 × 105lymphocytes and tumor or normal colon extract. Cultures were pulsed with H3thymidine at 7 days and harvested 6 hours later. Results were expressed as net counts (experimental CPM minus background CPM). Reactivity in tumor‐bearing animals was first seen when rat colons showed intraepithelial dysplasia histologically and was maximal when early invasive colon tumor were present. No difference in stimulation was seen between tumor‐bearing and normal animal lymphocyte reactivity with normal colon extract. In conclusion, animals with NMU‐induced rat colon cancer show specific tumor reactivity in MLTI assays. Immune reactivity in these animals may provide clues to clinical tumor status by i

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930240408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInvolvement of large areas of the mandible or the entire mandible with osteoradionecrosis may result in severe functional disability and cosmetic deformity. The use of a well‐vascularized pectoralis major myocutaneous flap from outside the original field of irradiation has been successful in obtaining functional and cosmetic goals. Myocutaneous flaps provide bulk for contour and tissue support, and their rich vascular supply promotes healing of the heavily irradiated soft tissue and bone. Successful bone grafting for mandibular reconstruction may follow control of the osteoradionecrosi

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930240409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFrom 1951 to 1981, 22 patients with metastatic medullary carcinoma of the breast were treated with hormonal therapies at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. Bilateral oophorectomy was performed in 6 premenopausal patients, and none had objective response, although one patient did have stable diseases for 7 months. Three of these patients subsequently underwent bilateral adrenalectomy and none responded. Thirteen of 16 postmenopausal patients underwent bilateral adrenalectomy and only one had an objective response of 4 months. Eight of 22 patients recived additive hormones, and one patient was treated with Tamoxifen. There was no objective response to these therapies. From this study, it appears that medullary carcinoma of the breast is less often responsive to endocrine therapy, and this finding correlates well with the recent data showing lower frequency of estrogen receptor‐positive tumors in these patient

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930240410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMany human tumors treated by hyperthermia do not reach therapeutic temperatures (42°C). The explanation for this difference may be that some tumors react to thermal stress in a manner similar to normal tissues; ie, they increase blood flow during hyperthermia in order to dissipate the heat. Higher temperatures might be achieved in these heat‐resistant tumors by administering vasoconstrictive agents in an effort to reduce blood flow. In this preliminary study, we determined the extent to which pharmacologic inhibition of local blood flow might allow higher temperatures to develop in normal muscles exposed to localized radiofrequency hyperthermia. We found that the local muscle temperature rise could be increased by at least 90% in two dogs and six rabbits with the use of a local vasoconstrictive dr

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930240411

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY