摘要:

To evaluate long-term corneal endothelium damages after myopic photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) a morphometric analysis of corneal endothelial cells was performed in 41 patients before and at least 24 months after photorefractive keratectomy These patients underwent a treatment ranging from –2.5 to –14 dpt with a mean of 8.9 ± 2.8 dpt at the corneal apex, with an estimated corneal thinning ranging from 23 to 123 μm with a mean of 78 ± 24.4 μm. Our results showed that the density of endothelial cells ranged from 2,334 to 3,554/mm2 with a mean of 2,819 ± 351/mm2 before surgery, and from 2,051 to 3,461/mm2 with a mean of 2,774 ± 330/mm2 after surgery without any significant changes (p = 0.16). The polymorphic index ranged from 58 to 84 with a mean of 77 ± 5.7 before PRK and from 57 to 89 with a mean of 77.7 ± 7.2 after treatment without any significant changes (p = 0.61). In conclusion, we can state that there is no long-term corneal endothelial damage after PRK even in highly myopic eyes.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310871

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This article surveys the current treatment of fungal eye diseases with topical antimycotics. Their various pharmacokinetic characteristics and antimycotic activities are presented and, in addition, the clinical symptoms of fungal eye diseases which can be topically treated are described, so that a correct diagnosis can be achieved rapidly to avoid delaying proper therapy. Finally, guidelines for treatment of keratomycosis are recommended.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310884

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The first Acanthamoeba keratitis was found in 1974, and the first Japanese case was reported in 1988. We devided the clinical features to three stages, and described clinical features in each stage. Diagnosis was suspected from clinical history and features, and definite diagnosis was made by direct examination or culture. We recommended the triple procedures consisted from systemic antifungal drug, topical anti-amoebic eye drops, and surgical debridement of the lesion for optimal treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis. Prevention must be aimed at education of eye care practitioners and contact lens wearers.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310885

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We retrospectively studied 14 patients confirmed histopathologically to have eyelid sebaceous carcinoma during 1986–1994. We removed all tumors totally with frozen section controls and performed reconstruction either by primary apposition or transposition flaps. We observed recurrence in 5 patients (35.7%) in whom a surgical margin of either 1 or 3 mm was taken but none in those with a 5-mm surgical margin. At least 5 mm of normal tissue around the tumor should be removed considering the metastatic potential of these tumors.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310872

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Eccrine adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal sac region is described in a 48-year-old man. The case was first diagnosed as an adenocarcinoma and removed by dacryocystectomy, but unfortunately the neoplasm recurred after a period of 1 year. Examinations with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and several antibodies indicate that this is a hitherto undescribed eccrine adenocarcinoma, and finally the case was managed by orbital exenteration. This is the first case of eccrine adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal sac region to be documented in the world literature.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310873

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The ability of a human ocular system to recognize viruses as foreign and eliminate them is critical for the preservation of sight. Upon viral infection, the prevention of attachment and invasion on the ocular surface decreases the likelihood of their causing disease. The tear film, secretory IgA, cytokines, cellular specific and nonspecific immune mechanisms that act at the mucosal surface constitute the first line of defense. However, sight-threatening immunopathology can take place after these reactions. Possible immune intervention in these processes is discussed.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310886

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Since proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is associated with an inflammatory reaction and interleukin-1 (IL-1) initiates a cascade of inflammatory mediators, we determined the intravitreal levels of IL-1 in experimental PVR. In the blood-trauma model of PVR in rabbits, we measured the intravitreal levels of IL-1α and IL-1β using a radioimmunoassay and performed immunohistochemical staining of cells from the vitreous. We found that on day 1 polymorphonuclear and from day 2 on mononuclear inflammatory cells predominated in the vitreous. IL-1α-and IL-1β-positive cells with a large cytoplasm were observed on days 4 and 8. However, the IL-1α and IL-1β concentrations in the vitreous did not exceed the radioimmunoassay sensitivity limit 8 h, 1, 2, 4 and 8 days after trauma, while in 2 control rabbits injected with additional endotoxins we found 5.6 and 8 ng/ml IL-1β. We conclude that despite IL-1-positive cells, presumably macrophages, PVR is not associated with high levels of IL-1. No conclusions concerning the low levels of IL-1α and IL-β can be drawn due to the performance of the RIA.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310874

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

All opportunistic infections of the eye have their origin in the suppression of the immune system of the host. The immunosuppression can be acquired through the human immune deficiency virus or as a result of immunosuppressive therapy in solid-organ transplant recipients with a maintenance therapy of cyclosporin and prednisone or during chemotherapy in patients with myelo-proliferative disorders. Generally, in less than 2% could severe opportunistic infections of the eye, like cytomegalovirus (CMV) or herpes virus infection, be found in transplant and cancer patients with chemotherapy. About 35–70% of patients with AIDS exhibit ocular manifestations of disease, so the most notable opportunistic infection with an incidence of 35% would be CMV retinitis. Less frequent are progressive outer retinal necrosis syndrome, Kaposi’s sarcoma and optic neuropathies. This paper reviews recent advances in the diagnosis and special local therapies of the worst opportunistic infections in immunocompromised hosts.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310887

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310876

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Conjunctival cultures were obtained from 488 patients undergoing cataract extraction. Bacterial isolation rates from the lids and conjunctiva were 84.6 and 36.7, respectively. Propionibacterium acnes was the only anaerobic organism identified. A significantly lower incidence of P. acnes was observed in the eyes after preoperative conjunctival irrigation using povidone-iodine solution (9%) compared with those using benzetonium chloride solution (30%). Topical use of ofloxacin and cefmenoxime for 1 or 2 days preoperatively, and irrigation of the conjunctival sac with a 16-fold-diluted povidone-iodine solution for at least 30 s immediately prior to cataract surgery are recommended.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310888

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger