摘要:

912 patients affected by microfollicular conjunctivitis were submitted to a scraping conjunctival cytology before taking specimens for direct immunofluorescence. 264 patients proved to be positive to the direct immunofluorescence test for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT). In all cases the infection turned out to be bilateral with different degrees of positivity between one eye and the other. In 43 patients out of the 264 positive ones, the cytological examination showed the presence of eosinophils in both eyes. The presence of eosinophils poses the problem of a certain allergizing power of Chlamydia and of the possibility that the CT infection might easily develop in subjects with a preexistent allergic conjunctivitis.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310523

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We conducted a histopathological study of the anterior segments of the eye of a female who died 2 years after insertion of an intraocular lens (IOL), which had one end of the supporting loop inserted in the lens capsule bag and the other in the ciliary sulcus. No changes were noted in the iris and ciliary body located within the capsule. However, in the part in the ciliary sulcus, the iris root was bent towards the chamber angle and the trabecular meshwork was depressed. Moreover, the ciliary body exhibited hyaloid degeneration. A secondary cataract had formed in the periphery of the IOL. These findings suggest that the ideal site of IOL insertion might be within the capsule.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310525

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The authors evaluated, by means of color Doppler imaging, the blood flow of the ophthalmic artery, ciliary arteries and central retinal artery in normal and glaucomatous subjects. In normals they found that flow velocities of all considered vessels progressively decline while resistivity indices increase with advancing age. In glaucomatous subjects there was a statistically significant reduction of the mean systolic peak flow velocity of the ophthalmic artery in comparison with normals. Glaucomatous eyes with uncontrolled IOP and with visual-field worsening showed a statistically significant decrease in the end-diastolic flow velocities and an increase in the resistivity index values in ciliary arteries.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310526

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The air pulse noncontact tonometer provides a safe and reliable method for measuring intraocular pressure (IOP), and makes it possible to avoid topical anesthesia. Based on previous reports that suggested possible anesthetic-induced IOP variations, this study was undertaken to investigate with this procedure the influence of local anesthetics on IOP and of some topically used drugs that could modify IOP values. In 212 normal or glaucomatous patients who underwent IOP measurement with a noncontact tonometer, IOP was determined before and in the first minutes following instillation of one of four tested drugs, oxybuprocaine and betoxycaine, two topical anesthetics currently used in applanation tonometry, and indomethacin suspension and metipranolol as controls. No significant effect was observed when comparing IOP values successively measured with the air pulse tonometer or 1 min after instillation of indomethacin suspension and metipranolol. In contrast a significant decrease in IOP was observed 1 and 5 min after instillation of one drop of the local anesthetics oxybuprocaine (mean IOP: 15.53 mm Hg before, 14.77 mm Hg at the 1st minute; p < 0.001) and betoxycaine (16.06 mm Hg before, 15.70 mm Hg at the 1st minute; p = 0.023). This effect was observed at least to the 15th minute, and in some patients, the decrease in IOP reached 8 mm Hg. Metipranolol only decreased IOP significantly at the 15th minute as compared to initial values, which differed from IOP variations following topical anesthesia. This phenomenon could not be related to mechanical effects of repetitive IOP measurements or massage by eyelids secondary to corneal irritation by anesthetic eye drops. The observed effect was a slight but significant and almost constant decrease of IOP in the first minutes following topical anesthesia, as used in applanation tonometry. Although its mechanisms remain to be determined, it could thus result in an underestimation of IOP when using classical tonometric procedures.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310527

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The most important clinical features of canaliculitis include a red, swollen eyelid in the area of the affected canaliculus, a unilateral conjunctivitis, a mucopurulent discharge and in some cases dacryoliths visible in the lacrimal punctum. Conservative therapy was found to be little effective: only 10% of the patients could be cured, 40% showed a recurrence after conservative treatment. 20 patients (50%) were treated by canaliculotomy: 16 of these were cured by this surgical treatment, 4 patients complained of epiphora, although diagnostic syringing showed free lacrimal pathways. The surgical treatment of canaliculitis in combination with conservative therapy yields far better results than conservative therapy alone.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310528

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We evaluated two patients who developed hypotonic maculopathy following trabeculectomy and adjunctive 5-fluorouracil injections. Both patients had ocular hypotony and decreased visual acuity following these injections. The first case showed marked choroidal foldings, retinal striae, increased retinal vascular tortuosity, engorgement and optic disc oedema. The second case had radial perifoveal retinal striae, increased retinal vascular tortuosity and engorgement. The first patient regained pre-operative visual acuity while the second case had a visual acuity of 20/25 without any intervention. Fundus changes were less marked 12 months after initial evaluation in both cases. Hypotonic maculopathy is a reversible complication of trabeculectomies with adjunctive use of 5-fluorouracil.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310529

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Acanthamoeba keratitis is an uncommon but potentially devastating complication of contact lens wear that has been reported with increasing frequency since its first description in 1974. We describe a case of bilateral Acanthamoeba keratitis, which occurred in a 24-year-old man, wearing gas-permeable contact lenses. This is to our knowledge the first case of Acanthamoeba keratitis reported in Italy, and the fourth bilateral case reported in the literature. Medical therapy (carried out after the first week by a different institution, due to the absence of essential antiamebic drugs on the Italian market) was effective in stopping the progression of the disease.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310530

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The time course of the activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) was studied after injecting herpes simplex virus (HSV) into the anterior chamber of C3H/He mice and compared with that following corneal inoculation. CTL activity in cervical lymph nodes was suppressed during the 14 days after the inoculation, while that in the spleen increased 2 days earlier compared with the activity after corneal inoculation. The difference between the peaks of CTL activity after inoculation via each route was not significant. Thus, CTLs from the spleen appear to play a role in the immune response defending mice against intraocular infection by HSV

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310531

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The authors describe a case of histologically proven orbital metastasis from a hepatic carcinoma in an 85-year-old patient with rapid onset of proptosis and visual loss. The clinical diagnosis of orbital metastatic lesion was established by standardized echography and CT scan. To the best of our knowledge, this is only the third histologically proven case of hepatoma metastatic to the orbit.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310532

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In the case reported, herpes virus I after having caused relapsing keratitis in an eye promoted the formation of a severe corneal ulcer caused by Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, a saprophytic mycete found in soil, which only once has been described as the cause of keratitis in man. Scopulariopsis was identified microscopically after culturing the conjunctival secretion on Sabouraud dextrose agar medium, while DNA probe tests confirmed the absence of herpes virus I. Topical and oral administration of miconazole and scraping of the corneal infiltrate dispersed the infection. Subsequently local steroids were given to reduce the neo-vascularization, and a therapeutic contact lens was applied because of intercurrent corneal thinning. Three months after beginning antifungal therapy, the visual acuity had increased from 1/120 to 1/10. The case described confirms that S. brevicaulis can cause opportunist infections in a cornea previously damaged by a different agent.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310533

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger