摘要:

A 87-year-old female patient with a squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva was treated with local strontium-90 irradiation (with a so-called ‘Dermaplatte’). In spite of a relatively low dosage, radiotherapy was followed by a corneal ulcer with consecutive rupture of the cornea. The cause of this unexpected perforation was, besides the effect of low-dose irradiation, probably a metabolic disorder of the cornea and a disturbance of the tear film due to the carcinoma which had spread on Bowman’s layer of the cornea in an exophytic manner and was accompanied by a dense lymphocytic infiltration. An exenteration was performed and, at the last examination (1 year later), no local recurrence could be detected.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000309796

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Classically, the stability of the lacrimal film is due to the surfacting of the epithelial surface by the mucus produced by the goblet cells. However, there are many objections to this hypothesis. Deducing from electron microscopy of the epithelial cells, which shows vesicles in the superficial layer and glycocalix threads on the microvilli and other clinical facts, we think that the surfacting agent is not mucus but glycocalix. The disappearance of goblet cells during sicca syndrome is not the cause but the result of the dryness. Epithelial cell integrity is essential for the stability of the tear film and therapeutics must aim at regenerating these cells rather than only replacing the lacrimal film by tear substitute.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000309798

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Dacryoliths are uncommon and there are only a few reports in the literature. In a patient with recurrent stenosis of the lacrimal drainage system a lacrimal stone (dacryolith) was removed from the lacrimal sac during dacryocystorhinostomy. A histological and immunhistochemical examination was performed and keratin antibodies could be detected. In a chemical analysis calcium, sulfur and some phosphorus were determined as major constituents.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000309800

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Irradiation of rabbit eyes with high-energy electrons was used to test the inhibition of experimental intraocular proliferation and retinal detachment, produced by intravitreal implantation of 250,000 homologous fibroblasts. After irradiation with 2,000 rad, started 5 days after implantation, 45% of eyes (9 of 20) still manifested traction detachment. When the dose was increased to 3,000 rad and radiation treatment was started 1 day after implantation, proliferation and traction detachment were observed in only 10% of eyes (2 of 20). No acute damage to retinal tissue or nerve fibers was observed. Because it is easily available, simple in application and dose adjustment, and without toxic side effects, radiation therapy should be considered as an effective alternative to drug treatment for the inhibition of intraocular proliferation and detachment. Statistically significant results of this investigation suggest its use combined with surgery in certain reproliferative cases in man.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000309801

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A 59-year-old woman with therapy-resistant bilateral involvement of posterior uvea and retina of some months’ duration was examined. Diagnostic vitrectomy was inconclusive, but subsequent transvitreal retinochoroidal biopsy gave ample material for the immunohistopathological diagnosis of a malignant B cell lymphoma. Despite systemic and intrathecal cytostatics and ocular X-ray therapy, central nervous system involvement was observed 2 months later. The ocular lesions regressed after treatment and have not recurred.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000309802

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We describe the case of a 33-year-old patient with recurrent tropical malaria, coma and isolated subpigmentepithehal macular hemorrhage causing irreversible visual loss. This strictly subpigmentepithelial macular hemorrhage is the second case described. Its importance lies in the fact that the typical plugging of vessels in acute tropical malaria is also observed in the choroid. Current knowledge about occlusion during acute malaria falciparum infection and hypotheses concerning its cause are reviewed in relation to retinal and choroidal pathology.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000309803

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A review of the literature on the classification of diabetic retinopathy shows that a consensus of opinions is not attained. Therefore it is impossible to compare the results of different works. Most of the classifications are based on purely anatomical criteria (ophthalmoscopic or photographic). The authors propose to base the classification of diabetic retinopathy on angiographic criteria. They consider that only fluorescein angiography can take into consideration the functional evaluation of the retinal circulation with unquestionable pathogenic correlation and adapted treatment: edematous diabetic retinopathy corresponds to capillary dilatation and ischemic diabetic retinopathy corresponds to capillary occlusion. Macular diseases are classified according to these same criteria.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000309804

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Two patients with neovascular glaucoma presented an obstruction in the internal carotid artery and reverse flow of blood through the ophtalmic artery, a so-called ophthalmic artery steal phenomenon, on digital subtraction angiography. To study the cerebral metabolic state maintained by this mechanism, the same patients underwent positron emission tomography. Both displayed decreased regional cerebral blood flow, reduced regional cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen and for glucose and increased regional oxygen and glucose extraction ratios. In our patients with chronic ocular ischemia, the cerebral perfusion maintained by the ophthalmic artery steal phenomenon was in the critical state called misery perfusion.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000309805

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Two cases of strabismus fixus are described. Histopathological examination of the eyeballs from both patients revealed the following complications of this rare disorder: ocular ischemia, atrophy of the optic nerve, and old central retinal artery occlusion. These complications are likely to be secondary to the mechanical stretching and torsion of the optic nerve with subsequent strangulation of its blood supply. Early surgical correction of strabismus fixus is recommended.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000309806

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000309807

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger