ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000309233

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

34 cases of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy were seen during a 40-month period ending April 1981. There were 30 cases from 11 families and 4 sporadic cases. The familial cases showed the mode of inheritance compatible with the autosomal-dominant in heritance. Ophthalmoscopy and super-wide panoramic fluorescein angiography revealed characteristic retinal vascular abnormalities in all cases, embracing supernumerous vascular branchings, arteriovenous shunt formation in the extreme periphery, generalized hyperpermeability of vessels and incomplete arteriovenous interdigitating pattern. Vitreoretinal adhesion was present in the peripheral temporal retina in all cases. An avascular zone wider than 1 disc diameter was noted in the majority of cases in the extreme temporal periphery. A V-shaped retinal degeneration was seen along the temporal meridian in 18 cases (48%). Retinal detachment was present in 19 eyes of 14 cases, and it was rhegmatogenous in 11 and traction-induced in 8 eyes. Retinal exudates and total posterior vitreous detachment was seen only occasionally.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000309234

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

First-degree relatives of proband patients with lattice degeneration of the retina revealed a significantly higher prevalence of the disease than the prevalence in the general population: the former had the disease about three times as frequently as the latter. The observed data were analyzed in terms of their accordance with recognized genetic models. The inheritance pattern did not fit well to a monogenic mode of inheritance, and it was hypothesized that a polygenic or multifactorial mode of inheritance is the most likely for lattice degeneration of the retina.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000309235

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Fluorescein angiography was carried out in 93 eyes with diabetic maculopathy and the state of the perifoveal capillary network within the zone of one half the disc diameter was studied. Nonperfusing capillary areas were found and the condition was classified into two grades: grade 1 the nonperfusing area less than 50% of the circumference of the network, and grade 2, more than 50% of the network. The visual prognosis was followed for 2 years. The initial and final visual acuities were significantly lower in the grade 2 than in the grade 1 group. There were more eyes showing visual deterioration during the follow-up period in the grade 2 than in the grade 1 group. It was thought that the condition of perfusion of the perifoveal capillary network is one of the determining factors of the visual prognosis in diabetic maculopathy.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000309236

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

27 eyes of 20 premature and full-term infants were subjected to trypsin digestion, and a study was made of the extension of the temporal retinal vessels and of the formation of the radial peripapillary capillaries (RPCs) and the capillary-free zone in the macula. The advancing borders of the temporal retinal vessels exhibited a V-shaped appear-rance in cases of 23–29 weeks in gestational age. The RPCs were observed in cases after the 27th week of gestation. The capillary-free zone in the macula was observed in cases after the 25th week of gestation. There were two eyes having extremely small and incomplete capillary-free zones: in one eye a vascular network was present in the region corresponding to the center of the macula. It was thought that the vascular network in the temporal horizontal aspect of the macula is formed by anastomosis of the superior and inferior temporal vessels, and that the capillary-free zone in the macula develops secondarily as the result of retraction of the capillaries.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000309237

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

27 surgical specimens of retinoblastoma were transplanted into the anterior chamber of athymic nude mice (BALB/cA nu/nu), and 8 of them proliferated progressively filling the eyes. Among 7 specimens originally showing the rosette type, 1 case exhibited a typical Flexner-Wintersteiner rosette but the other 6 showed only an incomplete rosette after transplantation. One specimen originally showing the undifferentiated type exhibited the same cell type after transplantation. After the 2nd and 7th passage in the nude mouse, a chromosome analysis of the tumor cells confirmed that the cells were from the original human retinoblastoma. After the 7th passage the effects of radiation on the ultrastructure of the transplanted retinoblastoma cells were studies. The Linac β-ray was radiated at single doses from 300 to 1500 rad, and the eyes were fixed on the 11th day and examined by light and electron microscopy. With 300 and 450 rad, no apparent change was found, but over 600 rad, degenerating cells being polygonal in shape and stained heavily with toluidine blue, were seen; they increased in number by increasing the dose of radiation. These degenerating cells contained vacuoles, dilated endoplasmic reticulum, myelinated figures, laminated and dense particles and empty mitochondria. They also showed partial disappearance of the cell membrane and karyorrhexis. By increasing the dose of radiation, the mitotic figures decreased, but even with 1500 rad, a few mitotic figures were still encountered.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000309238

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In an adult Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscatus), intravenous injections of adrenalin were repeated daily: 0.125 mg/kg for 7 days and 0.375 mg/kg from the 11th day on. In a cynomolgus monkey (Macaca irus), daily injections were carried out with intravenous adrenalin (0.11 mg/kg for 12 days and a double dose from the 13th day on) and also with intramuscular prednisolone. After the 39th injection in the former and after the 32nd injection in the latter monkey, disciform serous retinal detachment was seen to occur in the posterior pole region, and fluorescein angiography revealed multiple dye leakage spots at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium. Sometimes these changes subsided, but on continuing injections, these changes recurred on new locations. Two types of fluorescein leakage spots were recognized, i.e. ink blot type with progressive simple enlargement with time and the mushroom or jet type showing these patterns during enlargement. No abnormality was found in the optic disc, retinal vessels or in the choroidal circulation. The fluorescein angiographic findings were in close resemblance with those seen in the human central serous chorioretinopathy. It was discussed that these fundus changes of the monkey eye produced by repeated adrenalin injections would serve as a good animal model of the human disease.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000309239

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were isolated from blood of 6 patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH), and their cytotoxic activity was assayed using 51Cr release from the labelled cells; the cytotoxicity was expressed as percentage release in reference to the complete release using saponin. The PBLs from the patients showed a significant cytotoxic activity against P-36 human melanoma cells, and the specificity of the reaction was confirmed by the cold target inhibition test and also by the use of HeLa-S3 human cervical carcinoma cells and B-16 mouse melanoma cells, since no significant cytotoxicity was seen against these cells. The cytotoxic activity was greatly reduced by pretreatment of the PBLs with monoclonal antihuman Leu-1 antibody plus the rabbit complement. It was, therefore, thought that the cytotoxic activity against the melanoma cells is mainly due to T cells. In addition, the cytotoxic activity was specifically blocked by monoclonal antihuman Leu-2a antibody, the specificity of which is distributed on cytotoxic/suppressor T cell subset of normal human peripheral lymphocytes and normal human thymocytes. A possibility was discussed as regards the involvement of the cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of VKH.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000309240

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Gamma-interferon (IFN-γ) is detected at a higher level in the sera of patients with Behçet’s disease than in control subjects. To investigate the cellular source of IFN-γ, peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from patients were cultured and found to produce IFN-γ spontaneously in their fresh culture fluids. The average IFN titers in cultures of the patients’ PBL were significantly higher than those of the control cultures (p < 0.0001). The IFN activity was significantly higher in cultures of the patients in the ocular convalescent stage than in the exacerbation stage (p < 0.0001), as was the case with serum interferon activity. Fractionation of PBL showed that only Tγ lymphocytes of the patients produced IFN-γ spontaneously in the cultures. No IFN was produced in the culture fluids of T non-γ cells, non-T cells or macrophages. Tγ cells and IFN-γ may therefore play a significant role in the immunopathophysiology of Behçet’s disease.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000309241

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger