摘要:

We report on a patient, who regularly developed reversible corneal edema of the right eye after cold stress. Cycling tours in cold weather and windy conditions seemed to precipitate the edema. After a provocation test, we also observed transient, corneal edema. A few reports in the literature suggested that Raynaud’s disease or trigeminal neuropathy might be responsible for cold-induced corneal opacification. None of these conditions was present in our patient, as proved by laboratory tests and magnetic resonance imaging. We found that contact lenses were an effective prophylaxis against corneal edema.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310279

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Cilioretinal arteries were noted to accompany pits of the optic disc in 16 of 25 cases (64%). Fourteen of the 16 cases were found to have 2 cilioretinal arteries (86%). The cilioretinal arteries were directly related to the pit of the disc and emerged either from the bottom or the margin of the pit in a proportion of 86%. This finding reinforces the assumption that the optic disc pit belongs to the same spectrum of congenital anomalies which also includes optic disc coloboma, megalopapilla and morning glory syndrome. A fluorescein angiography study showed hyperfluorescence of the pit in 12/16 cases and in particular in all the cases in which both cilioretinal arteries emerged from the pit. Hypofluorescence was noted in 7/9 cases in which the pit was not associated with cilioretinal arteries. Our findings could support the view that hyperfluorescence of the pit, which is not a constant phenomenon, mostly depends on the presence of cilioretinal arteries emerging from the pit.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310280

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In 250 eyes with retinal detachment due to macular hole, the visual prognosis of each surgical technique was evaluated. (1) Macular diathermy adversely affected the visual prognosis. (2) Macular buckling + macular diathermy produced a poorer visual prognosis than macular buckling alone. (3) The visual prognosis resulting from gas tamponade alone or vitrectomy + gas tamponade was better than that resulting from macular diathermy. It is not clear whether there is a significant difference in visual prognosis between gas tamponade alone and vitrectomy + gas tamponade. (4) Macular laser photocoagulation does not adversely affect the visual prognosis. Judging from these results, gas tamponade, which has the possibility of better visual prognosis and less operation stress, should be selected as the initial technique.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310281

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A hundred and three normal subjects (14–75 years old) were examined with a modified infrared TV videopupillometer that had previously been developed. Maximal pupillary diameter (p < 0.00001), pupillary diameter in percent of iris diameter (p < 0.00001), maximal pupillary area (p < 0.00001), latency time of the light reflex (p < 0.00001), maximal contraction velocity (p < 0.00002), contraction velocity at Is (p < 0.00001) and dilatation velocity at 6 s (p < 0.0001) are strongly age dependent. A statistical formula is given to allow the calculation of the exact percentile for every parameter. Parameters which are age independent if they are expressed in percent of the maximal pupillary area are contraction velocity at 1 s (r = 0.042, p = 0.68) and dilatation velocity at 6 s (r =––0.150, p= 0.13). They can be used if age-matched study groups are not available. Furthermore, it is shown that most parameters of the pupillary light reflex correlate significantly with each other. The highest correlations are found with the maximal pupillary area. Differences between sexes are not evident. It is thought that this infrared videopupillometry and the given data base are useful for further clinical studies to investigate the autonomic nervous s

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310282

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Seventy-seven diabetics with a duration of the disease ranging from 2 to 55 years (average 18.5 years) were studied with infrared videopupillometry. The prevalence of diabetic autonomic neuropathy at the pupillary control system (pANP) was studied comparatively using several pupillary tests. The average prevalence using age-dependent parameters was 30.2% [maximal pupillary area: 22.1%, maximal contraction velocity: 24.7%, contraction velocity at Is (CV1): 28.6%, and dilation velocity at 6 s (DV6): 45.5% ]. Comparing these percentages to prevalences of other diabetic late complications e. g. retinopathy (49.4%), DV6 seems to be good for the diagnosis of pANP. If CV1 and DV6 are expressed in percent of the maximal pupillary area (CV1% and DV6%), they become age-independent. The average CV1% andDV6% of diabetics differ highly significantly from those of normals (CV1%: 58.6 ± 14.5 vs. 64.1 ± 6.4%, 2 p < 0.005, and DV6%: 6.0 ± 2.9 vs. 7.3 ± 1.1%, 2 p < 0.001). The average prevalence of pANP using these age-independent parameters was 25.4%. These data suggest that the prevalence of p ANP especially disorders of pupillary dilation (DV6), is high in long-standing diabetes. Furthermore, CV1% and DV6% have proved to be valid parameters in finding differences in the light reflex in non-age-matched study gro

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310283

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In 21 consecutive cases with unilateral optic neuritis due to demyelinating disease, ERG, C wave of ERG and VER were recorded and studied in both eyes. Also 8 cases suffering from optic atrophy due to trauma or glaucoma were included. The analysis of data shows that the C-wave is significantly diminished in both eyes, namely the affected and the sound, in the cases of optic neuritis. Also in comparison to VER, C wave has a comparative probability in diagnosing optic neuritis due to demyelinating disease. The C wave of ERG is normal in the cases of optic atrophy. The mechanism of C wave involvement during the course of demyelinating disease may be related with an abnormality of the ionic homeostasis of the subretinal space.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310284

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We evaluated the effect of elastase, a proteolytic enzyme, on the endothelial meshwork of cultured human trabecular meshwork using a solid agar method. The tissues were obtained from 3 postmortem eyes, aged 64, 71 and 77 years. Elastase was added to the culture medium for 24 h at a concentration of 1 × 10––1––10––4mg/ml. The cultured specimens were then processed for transmission electron microscopy. We evaluated the electron micrographs to determine the percent area occupied by the cells and the extracellular materials and by the empty space in the endothelial meshwork using computer-assisted morphometry. A statistically significant decrease in extracellular materials with intact trabecular cells was confirmed 24 h following the administration of elastase at the concentration of 1 × 10––1––10––3 mg/ml.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310285

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Juvenile xanthogranuloma, a non-Langerhans-type benign proliferation, in adulthood is a rare condition. This article reports the second known case in the western literature of solitary orbital involvement. The diagnosis was confirmed by orbital biopsy, and symptoms were dramatically relieved by corticoids, although a relapse occurred after their withdrawal. The importance of differentiating benign conditions from malignancies is discussed.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310286

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310287

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310288

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger