摘要:

SUMMARYDow, D. D. 1973. Sex ratios and oral flange characteristics of selected genera of Australian honeyeaters in museum collections. Emu 73: 41–50.Well-developed oral flanges, typical of juvenile passerines, persist in adults of several species of Australian honeyeaters. In at least one species, changes in colour of the flange seem to be related to breeding activity. The sex ratios in collections of 19 species ranged from 0.7 to 9.9♂:♀. With the highest and lowest excluded to achieve homogeneity of ratios within respective genera, sex ratios of eight genera ranged from 1.3 to 2.8♂:♀. These are compared with ratios found by Mayr forMyzomelaand with recent findings among passerines in general. It is concluded that they do not differ from other passerines because they are well within the range of ratios reported for many specics from many localities, and that Mayr's data do not substantiate his claim that particularly high sex ratios are found in the meliphagid generaMyzomelaandLichmera.Sex ratios from the field, all higher than in museum collections, forMyzantha melanocephalaare discussed in relation to the social organization of that species.

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU973041

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYSchode, R., and J. L. McKean. 1973. Distribution taxonomy and evolution of the gardener bowerbirdsAmblyornisspp in eastern New Guinea, with descriptions of two subspecies. Emu 73: 51–60.Amblyornis macgregoriaeandA. subalarisare effectively altitudinally allopatric on both scarps of the Owen Stanley Range. The hitherto poorly known distribution of the two species in the eastern Owen Stanley Range is documented in some detail. Both species meet between altitudes of 1,200 and 1,400 m, withA. macgregoriaeoccurring in primary mixed montane andNothofagus-forest above, andA. subalarisin primary fagaceous hill-forest below. The juxtaposition ofA. macgregoriaebowers on ridges and ofA. subalarisbowers on slopes below the crests of ridges in areas of abutment suggests competition between the two species; altitudinal displacement ofA. subalarisbyA. macregoriaeis inferred.The evolution and distribution ofA. macgregoriaeandA. subalarisare interpreted in terms of alternating disjunction and conjunction of one ancestral stock brought about by the altitudinal expansion and contraction of forest-zones during climatic oscillations of Pleistocene times. The present grouping of subspecies ofA. macgregoriaein eastern New Guinea is probably the result of the most recent (post-glacial) isolation of various populations by passes of low altitude and valleys of alien habitat.A. subalarisis monotypic.Two new subspecies are recognized:A. macgregoriae komhok, in the Kubor-Mt Hagen-Bismarck Ranges, andA. m. nubicola, in the extreme eastern Owen Stanley Range.

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU973051

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYMaclean, G. L. 1973. A review of the biology of the Australian desert waders,StiltiaandPeltohyas. Emu 73: 61–70.A review of the literature on the two Australian semidesert waders, the Australian DotterelPeltohyas australisand the Australian PratincoleStiltia isabella, is given. Aspects dealt with in both species include systematics, distribution, movements, habitats, social organization, behaviour, food and feeding, and breeding biology. These aspects are discussed with a view to further study. Matters deserving special attention are plumage patterns of chicks, behaviour patterns of adults, parental care (with special reference to the biophysics of incubation inPeltohyasand the use of burrows by the young ofStiltia) and all adaptive features to an arid environment. Such studies should lead to a better understanding of desert biology and of the systematic positions of both species.

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU973061

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU973071a

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU973071c

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU973074

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU973079

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor