ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU9820241s

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYFLOYD, R.B. and N.M. SWANSON. 1983. Wedge-tailed Shearwaters on Muttonbird Island: an estimate of the breeding success and the breeding population. Emu 82: 244–250.The breeding success ofPuffinus pacificuson Muttonbird Island (NSW) was assessed for three consecutive breeding seasons by estimating the density of occupied burrows just after egg-laying and immediately before fledging. The mean breeding success was 43%. The breeding population was estimated by determining the density of occupied burrows in the different vegetation types and determining the area of each type. The breeding population was estimated at 12,400±6,127 pairs. These methods and results were compared with studies on other shearwater populations.

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU9820244s

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYSIBLEY, C.G. and J.E. AHLQUIST. 1983. The relationships of the Australo-Papuan fairy-wrens as indicated by DNA-DNA hybridization. Emu 82: 251–255.The systematic relationships of the genusMaluruswere examined by comparing the radioiodine-labelled (125I) single copy DNA sequences of the Variegated Fairy-wrenMalurus lambertiwith the DNAs of thirty-seven other species of oscine birds.Malurus lambertiwas found to be most closely related to other species ofMalurus, and toStipiturus, Amytornis, the acanthizine thornbills and scrubwrens, and the honeyeaters, in that order.Malurusis not closely related to the sylviine warblers, the timaliine babblers, or the muscicapine flycatchers.

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU9820251s

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYBELL, H.L. 1983. A bird community of lowland rainforest in New Guinea. 5. Mixed-species feeding flocks. Emu 82: 256–275.Data from 300 mixed-species feeding flocks of insectivorous birds in lowland rainforest at Brown River, Papua New Guinea, are analysed. There are two distinct alliances. One is centred around the cooperatively-breeding babblerPomatostomus isidori.Three other species, a cuckoo-shrike, a pitohui and a honeyeater, mimic the babbler in colour and call, and a fourth, a drongo, mimics the call. Other species, mainly birds of paradise, participate. The second comprises small insectivorous passerines and is centred around the gregariousGerygonespp. Most participants of both alliances modify their behaviour when in mixed-species flocks. Both diel and seasonal changes occur in the incidence of flocking but the breeding season appears to inhibit flocking much less than expected. Mixed-species flocking appears to be less frequent than in other tropical regions, and possibly less frequent than in montane forests of New Guinea. The high proportion of frugivores in the avifauna, compared to other regions and montane New Guinea, and the small proportion of gregarious insectivores available to serve as‘nuclear’species, are considered to be contributory reasons.

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU9820256s

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYWYNDHAM, E. 1983. Movements and breeding seasons of the Budgerigar. Emu 82: 276–282.BudgerigarsMelopsittacus undulatusrange and breed throughout inland Australia. In the far south, where there is a well defined cold wet winter and hot dry summer, Budgerigars arrive in spring, breed and depart in summer. In mid-latitudes Budgerigars normally are present and breed during the hot months; from the mid-south to mid-north there is a shift from a predominance of winter rainfall to that of summer rainfall and from a predominance of Budgerigars abundant and breeding in spring and summer to abundant and breeding in summer and autumn. In years of high rainfall, in mid-latitudes reduced numbers may remain resident during the winter, but they do not breed. In the north, where there is a well defined summer wet season and the rest of the year is dry, Budgerigars often are scarce at the end of the dry season and during the wet season. Breeding in the north occurs predominantly in the earlier part of the dry season, in autumn and winter.

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU9820276s

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYPRATT, T.K. 1983. Diet of the Dwarf CassowaryCasuarius bennetti picticollisat Wau, Papua New Guinea. Emu 82: 283–285.This paper describes the diet of the Dwarf Cassowary in a lower montane forest at Wau in Papua New Guinea. The forty-three droppings examined contained mostly fruit, of at least thirty-four species. Dwarf Cassowaries eat relatively large fruit, a diet more similar to flying foxes than to other birds. Droppings contained an average of 3.6 species of fruits indicating that Dwarf Cassowaries exploit a variety of food trees at any one time.

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU9820283s

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYWAGHORN, E.J. 1983. Population changes of the Australasian GannetMorus serrator(Gray) at the Motu Karamarama gannetry, Hauraki Gulf, New Zealand. Emu 82: 286–295.Population changes are discussed for Motu Karamarama (or Bush Island within the Motu Kawau Group), which is an established gannetry with little room for expansion. A visit was made to Mahuki gannetry, an island to the west of Great Barrier Island which, in contrast, had unlimited nesting space and was expanding rapidly.Diurnally, the maximum number of occupied nests occurred at 06:00 and it is possible to make a‘time-of-day’adjustment to counts made at other times.The intra-seasonal population variation reflected the breeding cycle. It was found that the maximum number of occupied nests did not correspond to similar stages in the breeding cycle from one season to the next. Diurnal and intraseasonal population changes noted from ground counts made on Motu Karamarama apply to similarly established gannetries only.Inter-seasonal population variation was found to be highly variable. This was partly because the timing of breeding in different seasons was unpredictable. Censuses at regular intervals (10 years) reflect the rate of colony growth or decline. Each gannetry was distinct from any other and no method was found from the study on Motu Karamarama that could be applied to data from other gannetries to give the maximum number of occupied nests.This study covered three seasons (1978–1980) but the population study concentrates on the last two seasons.

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU9820286s

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYPOWLESLAND, R.G. 1983. Body-maintenance activities of the South Island Robin. Emu 82: 296–304.Descriptions are given of each of the body-maintenance activities of the South Island RobinPetroica australis australis.The activities are stretching, body-shaking, head-scratching, beak-wiping, toe-nibbling, preening, bathing, anting and sunning.On average Robins took 1.4 minutes to bathe and 3.0 minutes to dry off afterwards; in all, 0.5% of their time was spent bathing and drying. They bathed at a similar frequency in each period of the day.Most Robins anted on the ground using ants or millipedes. Of the thirty-two bouts observed, twenty-five consisted of birds finding an animal, anting with it for a few seconds and then eating it. During the other seven bouts several animals were used successively. In total, Robins spent 0.04% of their time anting. Anting was probably a feeding movement for removing and/or avoiding the defensive secretions of some prey species.Adult Robins sun-bathed mainly in December to February inclusive, when they had completed breeding and showed no signs of moult, or had begun to moult. The mean duration of sunning exposures was 2.1 minutes, with an average of 2.6 exposures per bout. Sunning did not seem to be essential because immatures did not sun-bathe and adults sunbathed much less than expected.

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU9820296s

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU9820305s

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU9820308s

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor