摘要:

SUMMARYFord, J. 1979. Hybridization between contiguous subspecies of the Varied Sittella in Queensland. Emu 79: 1–12.The merging ofNeosittaandDaphoenosittaand the recognition of a single speciesD. chrysopterain Australia are supported. Hybridization betweenD. c. chrysopteraandD. c. leucocephalais analysed by hybrid index method and shown to be geographically extensive. The formsD. c. albataandD. c. magnirostrisare considered to represent segments of a broad zone of intergrading populations betweenD. c. leucocephalaandD. c. striata.Evidence for hybridization betweenD. c. leucopteraandD. c. striatais still meagre though their ranges abut. The deep hybrid zone betweenD. c. pileataandD. c. chrysopteraextends from central and western Victoria through western New South Wales to almost central Queensland. Complex patterns of intergradation apparently exist in central Queensland where the ranges of three to five subspecies come together.

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU9800001

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYKikkawa, J. 1980. Seasonality of nesting by Zebra Finches at Armidale, NSW. Emu 80: 13–20.Nests of Zebra Finches were surveyed from 1961 to 1965 at Saumarez Pond near Armidale. About 200 birds used 220 trees for nesting within an area of five square kilometres. Two types of nest (breeding and roosting) varied in number according to the season from eighteen (January 1964) to ninety-eight (October 1961). The number of breeding nests built in a season varied between eighty-one (1963–64) and 154 (1961–62). Nesting success (young fledged from eggs laid) varied little, averaging about forty-four percent (n=382). No laying occurred in June or July (except once), when temperatures were often below freezing. At least two birds born in spring bred in the autumn of the same breeding season. In contrast to the breeding regime in arid areas, nesting activities of Zebra Finches at Armidale were not directly affected by drought; during the autumn of 1965 the peak of breeding activity was reached in March (19 breeding nests) when no rain had fallen for six weeks and the effect of prolonged drought on the vegetation was apparent. The results may be interpreted in several ways: that low temperatures (but not drought) inhibit breeding or that changes of photoperiods or increased availability of food itself stimulate many individuals to breed in this population. From a review of relevant literature, it is concluded that, if there is a proximate factor for the breeding of Zebra Finches, it must be different in different parts of the range of the species. It is suggested that individual differences exist in response to various proximate factors for reproduction and that the populations in the intermediate climatic zone are more polymorphic with respect to types of response than the populations that occur where the causal relations of environmental factors are predictable, if not periodic, in occurrence.

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU9800013

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYOlson, S. L. 1980. The significance of the distribution of the Megapodiidae. Emu 80: 21–24.An analysis of the zoogeography of the Megapodiidae and Phasianidae shows these families to have a mutually exclusive and complementary distribution. This probably results from the ability of the Phasianidae to displace megapodes while being unable to cross water barriers. Megapodes, on the other hand, are excellent Overwater colonizers and persist in areas inaccessible to phasianids. Despite their great differences in morphology and behaviour, the distributional pattern of megapodes and phasianids seems to indicate that they interact as ecological counterparts.

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU9800021

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYWyndham, E. 1980. Diurnal cycle, behaviour and social organization of the BudgerigarMelopsittacus undulatus.Emu 80: 25–33.The BudgerigarMelopsittacus undulatuswas studied in the field in eastern Australia. Flocks occurred throughout the year, during most diurnal activities and at most stages of the life cycle. Daily activity began about sunrise and ceased during dusk. It consisted of feeding in the morning and afternoon and resting and preening in the foliage of trees during the middle of the day. Birds drank intermittently and at no specific time of the day. Different ages and sexes mixed in flocks and there was no obvious hierarchical construction nor high-and low-status groups within flocks or populations. At times, flocks occurred that were composed predominantly of young birds. Eight discrete calls were identified. Slight differences between juveniles and adults, little sexual dimorphism and few discrete calls suggests that the social organization of the Budgerigar is simple compared to that of the Eastern RosellaPlatycercus eximius.Behaviour of birds in the field is compared to that described from studies of domestic birds in cages.

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU9800025

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU9800034

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU9800035

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU9800036

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU9800038

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU9800039c

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0158-4197    

DOI:10.1071/MU9800040

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor