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1. |
Introduction to the Varenius project |
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International Journal of Geographical Information Science,
Volume 13,
Issue 8,
1999,
Page 731-745
Michael F. Goodchild,
Max J. Egenhofer,
Karen K. Kemp,
David M. Mark,
Eric Sheppard,
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摘要:
This paper introduces a special issue of the journal on the subject of Project Varenius, a three-year effort funded by the US National Science Foundation to advance geographical information science. Geographical information is first defined as an abstraction of primitive tuples linking geographical locations to general descriptors. Geographical concepts originate in the human mind, and are instantiated in geographical information. Geographical information technologies apply digital methods to geographical information. Finally, geographical information science is defined as the set of basic research issues arising from these technologies. Three motivations are presented for research in this area: scientific, technological, and societal. Within the project, geographical information science is structured by a three-part framework that includes cognitive, computational, and societal issues. The paper ends with an introduction to these three parts, which define the infrastructure of the project and are discussed at length by the subsequent three papers.
ISSN:1365-8816
DOI:10.1080/136588199240996
出版商:Taylor & Francis Group
年代:1999
数据来源: Taylor
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2. |
Cognitive models of geographical space |
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International Journal of Geographical Information Science,
Volume 13,
Issue 8,
1999,
Page 747-774
David M. Mark,
Christian Freksa,
Stephen C. Hirtle,
Robert Lloyd,
Barbara Tversky,
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PDF (349KB)
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摘要:
This paper reviews research in geographical cognition that provides part of the theoretical foundation of geographical information science. Freestanding research streams in cognitive science, behavioural geography, and cartography converged in the last decade or so with work on theoretical foundations for geographical information systems to produce a coherent research community that advances geographical information science, geographical information systems, and the contributing fields and disciplines. Then, we review three high-priority research areas that are the topics for research initiatives within the NCGIA's Project Varenius. Other topics consider but ranked less important at this time are also reviewed.
ISSN:1365-8816
DOI:10.1080/136588199241003
出版商:Taylor & Francis Group
年代:1999
数据来源: Taylor
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3. |
Progress in computational methods for representing geographical concepts |
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International Journal of Geographical Information Science,
Volume 13,
Issue 8,
1999,
Page 775-796
Max J. Egenhofer,
Janice Glasgow,
Oliver Gunther,
John R. Herring,
Donna J. Peuquet,
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PDF (333KB)
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摘要:
Over the past ten years, a subfield of GIScience has been recognized that addresses the linkage between human thought regarding geographical space, and the mechanisms for implementing these concepts in computational models. This research area has developed an identity through a series of successful international conferences and the establishment of a journal. It has also been complemented through community activities such as international standardization efforts and GIS interoperability. Historically, much of the advancement in computational methods has occurred at or close to the implementation level, as exemplified by attention to the development of spatial access methods. Significant progress has been made at the levels of spatial data models and spatial query languages, although we note the lack of a comprehensive theoretical framework comparable to the relational data model in database management systems. The difficult problems that need future research efforts are at the highly abstract level of capturing semantics of geographical information. A cognitive motivation is most promising as it shapes the focus on the users' needs and points of view, rather than on efficiency as in the case of a bottom-up system design. We also identify the need for new research in fields, models of qualitative spatial information, temporal aspects, knowledge discovery, and the integration of GIS with database management systems.
ISSN:1365-8816
DOI:10.1080/136588199241012
出版商:Taylor & Francis Group
年代:1999
数据来源: Taylor
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4. |
Geographies of the information society |
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International Journal of Geographical Information Science,
Volume 13,
Issue 8,
1999,
Page 797-823
Eric Sheppard,
Helen Couclelis,
Stephen Graham,
J. W. Harrington,
Harlan Onsrud,
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PDF (339KB)
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摘要:
This article presents the Varenius perspective on the societal dimensions of geographical information technologies and the geographical dimensions of information technologies in general, and puts them in the context of the research literature of the last ten years. The central themes examined are: theoretical perspectives on the societal implications of geographical information technologies; the changing significance of key geographical concepts in the information age; and societal aspects of the practical application of geographical information technologies. The relationships between these themes and three NCGIA Varenius research initiatives on geographies of the information society are summarized, and some directions for future research in this broad area are outlined.
ISSN:1365-8816
DOI:10.1080/136588199241021
出版商:Taylor & Francis Group
年代:1999
数据来源: Taylor
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