ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The psychosocial assessment of the child with bronchial asthma is a complex and often confusing process. An indispensable component in this process is the assessment of the child's family; however, without a comprehensive conceptual schema and practical guidelines for conducting the assessment, conclusions are often tentative and lacking in clinical utility. An assessment format is offered to help in addressing these needs. The proposed interview structure includes a progression of stages as well as specific content areas that it is necessary to explore in order for the clinician to thoroughly understand the dynamic relationship between the asthmatic child and his family context.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The care of terminally ill children and adolescents is often complicated by depression and the patient's inability to express needs and fears verbally. The patient's own mental imagery provides an alternate means of communication. Clinical cases illustrate some of the ways in which imagery may play a crucial role in helping these young patients to express age-appropriate needs and fears regarding helplessness, separation from loved ones, and death.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A pilot investigation was conducted on 25 adolescents, ages 11 to 18 years, admitted to a six-bed psychiatric unit in a university hospital in order to explore relationships among motor proficiency and categories of depressive illness. The investigators endeavored to determine whether (a) depressed adolescents would perform as well as normals on theBruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiencyand (b) whether the method of diagnosing major depressive episode (MDE), using DSM-III criteria or the Dexamethasone Suppression Test, was related to motor proficiency. Results indicate that depressed adolescents performed less well on balance, bilateral coordination, upper limb coordination, and response speed than normals. Major depressive episode (MDE) patients, as defined by the Dexamethasone Suppression Test, performed less well than patients with Adjustment Disorder with Depressive Mood. Patients diagnosed asMDEon the basis of DSM-III criteria had motor proficiency scores similar to those of the other patients with depressive mood adjustment disorders. The method of diagnosis is critical if prescribed physical activity therapy is to be effective.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Longitudinal evaluation of 47 children with short stature secondary to growth hormone deficiency (GHD), constitutional delay (CD), and Turner's syndrome (TS) was undertaken approximately 3 years after initial assessment. Parent ratings of social and school competence indicated a developmental trend of poorer adjustment during early adolescence (ages 12 and 14), which was preceded (age 9) and followed (age 17) by age-appropriate functioning. Evaluation of social competence scores suggested that large organized group activities were avoided, although children had close friends with whom they interacted regularly. Children with short stature obtained age-expected scores for their involvement in solitary activities (i.e., hobbies and household chores) and tended to participate in individual sports (i.e., fishing, swimming), consistent with a pattern of withdrawal from large groups. Younger children with CD evidenced academic functioning at least 1 SD higher than children from all other groups, and this age-related effect may explain performance inconsistencies reported previously with other groups of CD children. Of the children studied, girls with TS experienced the greatest academic difficulty.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Four groups of residency programs (4433 residents) were compared regarding performance on the In-Training Exam of the American Board of Pediatrics and a 30-item addendum assessing behavioral knowledge: 10 programsfundedto provide mandatory training, 6not fundedbut requiring training, 4controlprograms not requiring training but participating in an evaluation of behavioral training, andall otherprograms (221) whose residents took the exam. Three measures were calculated for each resident: percent correct on “organic” items; percent correct on “behavioral” items; and a ratio (behavioral to organic). Moderate positive correlations were found between organic and behavioral scores. There were no significant differences in organic performance related to program type. Ratio scores were higher for PL-1-funded residents than for any other PL-1 group. For PL-2s, Funded, Not Funded, and Control residents performed better than the All Other group. By the 3rd year, Funded residents performed better than All Other residents; Not Funded and Control scores fell in between. These data suggest that: (1) behavioral knowledge is only moderately related to organic knowledge; (2) requiring behavioral training increases behavioral knowledge but doesnotdecrease the level of organic knowledge; and (3) funded programs attract residents more knowledgeable about behavior who, during their training, remain more knowledgeable than residents in programs not participating in an evaluation of behavioral training.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The imminent commercial availability of synthetic growth hormone (GH) and the potential for large scale and possibly indiscriminant use mandate a critical examination of possible adverse effects. This doubleblind study examined the effects of human GH on attention. Treatment of eight GH-deficient children, aged 8.7 to 14.1 years, was suspended to establish base lines. Injections with GH (0.1 units/kg) and placebo followed in counterbalanced 2-week periods. At the end of each period, GH levels were assayed, and attention was tested. Scores earned under the GH condition did not differ from base line and placebo values. However, patients displaying high levels (14 ± 2.12 ng/ml) of exogenous GH 12 hours after injection generally surpassed norms and patients with low levels (3.5 ± 1.12 ng/ml) of GH under all conditions of the experiment. If 12-hour levels in this study are indicative of the fate of GH received during therapy, prolonged use of GH may bring benefits to attention that vary directly with half-life.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Kindergarteners and first graders were tested for discrimination of left-right orientation, letter production, and performance on reading readiness and reading tests. Left-right visual skills were found to be related to reading skills in both grades but to letter production only in kindergarten. These data are viewed in the context of a deficit in left-right coding. The data cautiously suggest that different subgroups of reading-disabled children may benefit from training programs that remediate different deficiencies; affirmation of this strategy awaits further study of treatment.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A previous study suggested that neuropsychological deficit in patients with Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome (TS) may increase with age. This question was studied by examining the relationship between age and neuropsychological deficit in 21 TS patients. It was found that increased age was related to greater neuropsychological deficit on a pattern of measures consistent with previous reports. The use of age correctedt-scores ruled out the general relationship of age with test performance as an explanation of these results. In addition, when the subjects were grouped on the basis of age, older patients were significantly worse than younger patients on several measures.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID