摘要:

Extended psychiatric and pediatric examinations were performed on patients with the fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). A subgroup of these patients underwent psychological testing to measure intelligence, visual perception, and psycholinguistic abilities. Psychopathology was also studied in a matched control group. The investigation revealed a broad scale of developmental hazards and psycho-pathologic symptoms indicating the negative long-range effects of alcohol abuse during pregnancy. The extent of morphologic damage was found to be a good predictor of psychopathology and mental impairment. Social environment and socioeconomic status appear less important as predictors.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Hypotheses regarding intrapsychic disruption, specific types of anxiety and fear, and defense structure in young children with potentially fatal illnesses were tested by administering two projective tests to 24 Irish children (ages 3–6) with malignancies and 24 matched controls with non-life-threatening orthopedic diseases. Responses of the children with malignancies showed more imagery related to, and descriptions of, negative futures, loneliness, bodily intrusion, and nonbeing, Possible explanations of these findings and their implications for the treatment of children with potentially fatal illnesses are discussed.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Little information is available on the rates of adoption or foster care in specific pediatric disorders. In a survey of 14 groups of patients seen for different pediatric disorders, 7 showed a significant elevation of adoption or foster care rates. This finding is discussed in relationship to the possible etiology of some disorders and the strategies for prevention and treatment.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Earlier surveys of cerebral palsy characterized patients with extrapyramidal (choreoathetoid) cerebral palsy as having little cognitive impairment and few associated deficits. Anoxia, which has now replaced neonatal hyperbilirubinemia as a major cause of this type of cerebral palsy, predictably produces a diffuse type of brain damage. Evaluations of children with extrapyramidal cerebral palsy seen in a pediatric habilitation center revealed high incidences of mental retardation, epilepsy, and other associated deficits. These findings have implications for the management and habilitation of children with extrapyramidal cerebral palsy.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Children and adolescents with asthma were divided into groups of responders (N = 22) and nonresponders (N=22) on the basis of their response to medical management. The mothers and children from both groups were given scales to measure life events and perceptions of behavior style. The effects of life event stresses and parent-child relations on the response to medical treatment were evaluated for each patient. Comparisons were made on the basis of response-nonresponse, sex, and age. Several patterns of relationship to treatment outcome were identified. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of coping skills, psychological defenses, and the availability of social support systems. A conceptual scheme for treatment approaches is presented.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Research is reviewed on the impact of a handicapped child on the family. While most authors agree that the presence of such a child is a family stressor, there have been few studies using control groups, analytical methods, representative samples, or adequate numbers. The wide age range of the children within and across studies and the diversity of populations confuse some issues and leave others unresolved. In addition, no instrument has been designed to measure specifically the stress in families of a handicapped child. Most authors have not taken into account the dynamic process of rearing a handicapped child, nor have they addressed the problems of having a mildly handicapped child.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Adolescent alcohol abuse is an individual and social problem of epidemic proportions. Investigation of the many correlates of this behavior indicates that three are primary: peer pressure, attempts at reaching adult status, and sexuality socialization. The societal support for alcohol use and tolerance of alcohol abuse combine with these three factors to exacerbate the problem. Analyzing each correlate leads to a proposed solution to the problem. It is suggested that the optimal approach is a group-process method that involves adolescents and adults and enables participants to analyze motivation and develop skills necessary for either abstinence or responsible drinking.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A sample of 24 healthy Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) survivors separated from their mothers for a period of more than 10 days after birth were studied at approximately 1 year postconceptional age to assess mother-infant attachment. The 24 infants were classified into secure-attached (N = 1 7) and insecure-attached (N = 7) groups according to Ainsworth categories. No differences were found between the groups in birth weight, gestation, length of NICU hospitalization, Bayley developmental scores, and 1-year physical measurements. Secure-attached infants, however, tended to be from younger, working mothers and had more day-care experiences. The data do not support the hypothesis that prolonged neonatal separation has detrimental effects on later mother-child interaction.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Parents' responses to the Carey Infant Temperament Questionnaire and results of a standard interview regarding sleep duration were obtained for 23 Chinese-American and 60 non-Chinese infants. Chinese-American infants were rated as significantly more withdrawing, less adaptable, and more negative in mood than the other infants. Total sleep duration for the Chinese-American infants was 13.2 hours, compared to 14.2 hours for the other infants (p < .05). Night sleep duration had a significant negative correlation with mood ratings in the Chinese-American babies. These findings suggest that there are ethnic differences in infant temperament and that the relationship between negative mood and brief sleep is present among different ethnic groups.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID