ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Infantile colic causes stress to many families during the first weeks of an infant's life. In our previous studies, we found that families with severely colicky infants had more problems in their daily functioning than did families without colicky infants and that the affective state in these families was anxious and conflicted. These characteristics showed some stability from the colicky period to 1 year of age. In the present study, we examined the functioning of these families 3 years after the colicky period. The McMaster Family Assessment Device was used to evaluate the family interaction in 59 families with previously colicky infants and 58 control families. Three years after the colicky period, families with moderately and severely colicky infants did not differ significantly from control families with respect to psychological family characteristics. J Dev Behav Pediatr 18:290-294, 1997.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

To examine the concordance of mother and teacher ratings of children born at different birth weights on measures of school functioning, behavioral problems, and social competencies, we used a prospective cohort study involving children in two previously studied multisite birth cohorts whom we recontacted at 8 to 10 years of age. This provided a multisite sample of 784 low birth weight children and 334 normal birth weight children. Teacher reports of children's behaviors were obtained from 80% of the 1400 teachers contacted. We found that birth weight and neonatal health were associated with both maternal and teacher reports; that maternal characteristics, e.g., low levels of education and poor mental health, were associated with the greatest discrepancies in reports; and that although mothers' reports of objective measures were accurate, their assessments of behavioral problems and social competence often differed from those of teachers. J Dev Behav Pediatr 18:295-303, 1997.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In a prospective study of 137 children (47 with cystic fibrosis, 48 with congenital heart disease, 42 with no chronic illness), four domains were examined as predictors of parent-reported behavioral problems, particularly internalizing problems, at 4 years of age: child health, child temperament, parent-child relationships, and family environment. Family environment, as measured by the Parenting Stress Index at 1, 2, and 3 years, was the most powerful predictor. This suggests that this index is useful as an early screen for children at risk for behavioral problems and that a reduction of parenting stress is an appropriate target of preventive interventions. J Dev Behav Pediatr 18:304-313, 1997.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Fifty-two children without significant sleep disturbance seen at a primary care clinic for well-child care were compared on measures of temperament, parenting style, daytime behavior, and overall sleep disturbance to three diagnostic subgroups identified in a pediatric sleep clinic: children with obstructive sleep apnea (n=33), parasomnias (night terrors, sleepwalking, etc.) (n=16), and behavioral sleep disorders (limitsetting disorder, etc.) (n=31). The mean age of the entire sample was 5.7 years. Temperamental emotionality in the behavioral sleep disorders group was associated with a higher level of sleep disturbance (p<.001); parenting laxness was associated with sleep disturbance in the general pediatric population (p<.01); and intense and negative temperament characteristics seemed to be associated with clinically significant behavioral sleep disturbances. Ineffective parenting styles and daytime disruptive behaviors were more likely to be associated with the milder sleep disturbances found in children in a primary care setting. J Dev Behav Pediatr 18:314-321, 1997.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A Supplement to the HOME (Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment Scale) for Impoverished Families (SHIF) was developed for use with young children living in impoverished urban environments. After interviews with clinicians and pilot studies with families, we developed 20 items and added them to the HOME. The supplement was field tested in a sample of 73 high-risk families to evaluate its psychometric properties and ease of use. During the home visit, the Nursing Child Assessment Feeding Scale and the Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale were also administered to examine construct validity. Results indicated that the SHIF pcovided new clinical data, was easy to administer, and, when added to the HOME, had good psychometric properties, e.g., high inter-rater reliability, internal consistency, item-total reliability, and intact construct validity. The SHIF offers a reliable and valid addition to the HOME for use with young children living in impoverished urban environments. J Dev Behav Pediatr 18:322-328, 1997.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We report on a 7-year-old girl with anorexia nervosa and consider factors contributing to this early emergence. Cognitive differences in younger children can alter their understanding of this illness, so we chronicled this girl's treatment because it diverged from practices used with older patients. Accordingly, effective interventions in very young anorexics might require modifications of treatments used in postpubertal populations. J Dev Behav Pediatr 18:331-333, 1997.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Effective screening requires an understanding of underlying conceptual issues and their relationship to pragmatic concerns. Pragmatic concerns include the concepts that there are many underlying reasons for an “abnormal” screening result; that sensitivity and specificity should be combined with relative risk when considering developmental outcome; and that patterns of congruence among motor, language, cognitive, and adaptive/personal social areas of development should be considered. Important conceptual issues include the following: there is continuity of underlying processes or functions in development; canalized behaviors might give the appearance of discontinuity; integrated functions are more predictive of later developmental levels than are individual functions; the “window” of assessment and the developmental emergence of a specific function will affect screening results; one must consider biologic and environmental risks and their specific effects; and different types of neural structures and their relationship to environmental input help to explain why screening results vary over time. J Dev Behav Pediatr 18:340-349, 1997.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID