ISSN:1322-1698    

DOI:10.1080/14486563.2000.10648493

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:1322-1698    

DOI:10.1080/14486563.2000.10648494

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Cleaner Production is a generally applicable preventive environmental management strategy for industrial operations. Numerous companies have benefited from Cleaner Production: its application is most often cost-effective and leads to profitable innovations in processes, products and services. This article reviews the development status of Cleaner Production practices and policies in Australia. Comparisons are made with experience abroad—mainly from Europe and USA—in order to draw lessons and assess outstanding Cleaner Production opportunities in Australia. The experience with the implementation of Cleaner Production in Australia turns out to be positive. Substantial reductions of different environmental impacts have been achieved in at least several dozens of companies representing key sectors of Australia's economy. And the implementation of the Cleaner Production projects made good business sense for those companies. It is, however, argued that most of what has been achieved should be regarded as incremental improvement rather than revolutionary change or innovation. Because of this incremental approach, Cleaner Production runs the risk of being underused, missing opportunities for technology innovation and commercial success. Australia can take a quantum leap forward in the next couple of years, provided the dominant marketing strategy for the promotion of Cleaner Production is sharpened. It will also need to be supplemented with a technology-forcing strategy to foster the development and implementation of innovative Cleaner Production technologies and practices.

ISSN:1322-1698    

DOI:10.1080/14486563.2000.10648495

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This article is intended to stimulate discussion on the implications of current approaches to improving the integration and adoption of research and development (R&D) in integrated catchment management (ICM). We argue that there are a series of barriers to improvements in the integration and adoption of research and development in ICM associated with fundamental characteristics of the research endeavour and the specific strategies that have been used by R&D funding organisations, particularly those focussed on the project level. Recent moves towards funding commissioned work, aimed largely at synthesising information into more ‘usable’ forms, may overcome some of the project level limitations, but the extent to which R&D organisations and researchers should take on the ‘extension’ role (or ‘implementation function’) is less clear. R&D organisations need to avoid responding to changes in funding for ‘implementation functions’ at the federal and state level by attempting to fill the gap themselves, unless significantly increased resources are made available. There is not enough money to be effective, many factors that affect success are outside the control of the organisation, and in the necessary shifting of resources, the core activity of R&D will suffer. New regional ICM organisations, probably in partnership with R&D funders, may be placed to undertake the implementation function. This would enable the bulk of the R&D agencies' resources to be focussed on undertaking high quality R&D, while providing the linkages important to effective on-ground action.

ISSN:1322-1698    

DOI:10.1080/14486563.2000.10648496

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Local decision-making is crucial to the process of retaining the habitat of threatened species on private lands. However, there has been little attention given to the issue of local government and biodiversity conservation. The objective of this study was to assist Coffs Harbour City Council interpret a draft Plan of Management for koalas within its borders. The study was designed to answer two questions: 1) What will be the economic impact on residents of the requirement to abide by New South Wales state environmental planning policy to conserve koalas (SEPP 44), by way of individual development approvals; and 2) What will be the economic impact on residents of implementing SEPP 44 by way of a shire-wide Plan of Management. A comparison of the costs and benefits of a shire-wide plan shows that the benefits were more than double those of the costs of piecemeal decision-making, i.e. a decision after a development application has been lodged. Thus, a strategic approach is cost-efficient. The success of this work should provide an impetus for other councils currently considering whether to adopt a shire-wide program for conserving remnant koala habitat on private lands within their jurisdiction.

ISSN:1322-1698    

DOI:10.1080/14486563.2000.10648497

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

There is an increasing awareness, on the part of decision-makers, of the need to develop new or to extend traditional evaluation techniques to facilitate a multidisciplinary and participatory approach to decision-making. Such an approach would be particularly appropriate for decision-making with respect to the management of natural resources. Not only are there multiple objectives involved but also many of the identified objectives are competing and conflicting. Traditional techniques to assist decision-making which focus on establishing the economic efficiency of an investment or management decision, do not pay sufficient attention to providing information about the nature and extent of the trade-offs involved. This article presents a multiple objective decision-support system (MODSS) which was developed to assist decision-making for a catchment in Far North Queensland. The MODSS approach is shown to be a process, capable of incorporating information from a number of disciplines as well as the preferences of identified groups of stakeholders, to support the prioritisation of options to manage land and water resources.

ISSN:1322-1698    

DOI:10.1080/14486563.2000.10648498

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:1322-1698    

DOI:10.1080/14486563.2000.10648499

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor