ISSN:1322-1698    

DOI:10.1080/14486563.2000.10648485

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:1322-1698    

DOI:10.1080/14486563.2000.10648486

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Since the release of Australia's first State of the Environment (SoE) report, a variety of physical environmental indicators have been determined for each SoE environmental management theme (the atmosphere, water {inland, estuarine and sea}, the land, biodiversity, heritage and human settlement). While monitoring these physical themes is fundamental to environmental protection, there are opportunities to expand SoE reporting within the broader context of sustainable development. Indicators of social welfare, equity and human health all have environmental components, both in terms of cause and effect. This has been recognised in the 1999 National Environmental Health Strategy which recommends the identification of indicators of environmental hazard, human health outcomes and environmental management processes to ameliorate these. Illustrating the effects of environmental degradation in terms of human health can increase community awareness of the relevance of environmental management or protection approaches. This article attempts to define a preliminary set of population health environmental indicators (PHEIs) that could be incorporated into SoE indicator sets. Such human health indicators can be used both as measures of environmental quality, as well as to illustrate how environmental degradation impacts on human health and quality of life. All indicators are developed from routinely collected health data sources to enable trend monitoring. Some examples are given of typical PHEIs produced for use within a NSW regional area.

ISSN:1322-1698    

DOI:10.1080/14486563.2000.10648487

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Arhetorical move towards participatory resource planning has underpinned much policy in Australian natural resource management and rural development for the past decade. Research providers have only recently begun to understand the context of complex problem settings, multiple stakeholders, divergent interests and scales of relevance associated with integrated natural resource planning and management activities. Most traditional research approaches in the natural resource planning and management domain have favoured a linear model of technology transfer. Increasingly it is being acknowledged that consideration of the needs of stakeholders forms an integral part of the research and adoption continuum from design to inception and from development through to delivery. Participative research processes provide an extremely powerful means of responding to these needs. However their use raises fundamental methodological and institutional issues as to how Research and Development (R&D) is conducted, what constitutes an outcome, who controls the agenda and R&D providers accountability to others. In particular, it also challenges the way in which R&D providers communicate both internally and externally, and the role of communication and communication research. In this article we use a case study approach to describe how a multidisciplinary team in CSIRO has responded to the R&D and communication challenges arising from involvement in stakeholder participation processes. This has underpinned improved natural resource planning and management in the Herbert River catchment of north Queensland.

ISSN:1322-1698    

DOI:10.1080/14486563.2000.10648488

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

External verification of industry's environmental and social performance is an increasingly popular strategy for improving accountability. However, do these processes of verification ultimately add up to a more accountable company or industry? This article describes a case study of external verification in the Australian mining industry. It introduces the Australian Minerals Industry Code for Environmental Management and explores how concepts of accountability and verification have been embedded within it. The case study, a verification process commissioned by Placer Dome Asia Pacific and the research process that accompanied it, is then discussed in brief. The difference between verifying systems and verifying outcomes from those systems is explored. Finally, the article concludes with some recommendations for external verification, both of the Code and of environmental, social or sustainability performance in general.

ISSN:1322-1698    

DOI:10.1080/14486563.2000.10648489

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Around the world, but particularly in Western Europe and North America, wind energy is being promoted strongly by turbine manufacturers, ‘green’ consumers, and some governments, as a significant potential alternative to electricity production from traditional, coal-fired, hydro or nuclear generating sources. As a consequence, many countries and states have embraced this technology with enthusiasm. At the same time, opposition to large-scale wind farms, especially in areas of high scenic amenity, is also growing in some countries. This article places this debate in the Australian context by focusing on renewable energy policy and successful local opposition to a proposed wind farm development near Portland, in Western Victoria. It is argued that this particular conflict has important lessons for future windfarm proposals in coastal settings elsewhere in Australia.

ISSN:1322-1698    

DOI:10.1080/14486563.2000.10648490

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

How should bird conservation efforts be prioritised? This article reviews two approaches—the Collar et al. (1994) global study of threatened bird species and Garnett's (1992b) analysis for Australia. Each of these studies uses IUCN ‘extinction risk threshold’ criteria to derive conservation ‘hotspots’ where effort should be concentrated. Difficulties with IUCN rankings stem from two implicit assumptions: (i) that the conservation objective is always to maximise the number of surviving taxa and (ii) that conservation in different ‘hotspots’ is equally costly. Garnett attempts to circumvent these limiting assumptions by supposing lexicographic conservation preferences. This is partly successful but still leads to prioritisation anomalies.

ISSN:1322-1698    

DOI:10.1080/14486563.2000.10648491

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:1322-1698    

DOI:10.1080/14486563.2000.10648492

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor