ISSN:0193-7197    

DOI:10.1002/vnl.730110302

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMechanical strength in the cable sheath is particularly valuable for both fiber optical and copper pair cable. By bonding a PVC jacket to a coated metal tape, a mechanically strong sheath construction is obtained. Changes in PVC jacket technologies have created the need for PVC compatible coated metals with greater tolerance for variations in PVC jacketing materials. This need has been met by the development of a variety of coated metals having thermoplastic coatings which adhere to PVC. As a consequence of this development, new cable sheath designs for use in a variety of applications, such as riser cable and direct buried cable destined for local area networks, are possible. These cables may utilize both copper conductors and/or optical fibers for signal transmission. Data will be provided in the paper to show the effects of extrusion process conditions on adhesion for a variety of PVC resins. The properties of a variety of coated metals—aluminum, copper, and steel—will be discussed. Data on environmental tests of adhesion will be presented. Relationships between adhesion, metal characteristics, jacket properties, and mechanical performance of the sheath will be discussed. Cable applications for the PVC compatible metals will be discussed. Data on the performance of the bonded sheath in riser cable and buried local area network cable will be presented. New cable applications where coated metals in the sheath can provide lightweight armoring will also be discus

ISSN:0193-7197    

DOI:10.1002/vnl.730110303

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper will review the markets, business, technology, and future trends concerning the use of PVC bottles in various packaging segments such as mineral water—flat and low carbonated, wine, fruit juice, and edible oils in Western Europe. The market and business sections will include the major producers of mineral water bottles, capacity of PVC water bottle compounds, and bottles. Activities of major PVC bottle compound producers and bottlers to further improve quality of PVC premix and bottles produced will also be discussed. Also discussed will be the reasons for the success of PVC bottles for packaging mineral water and other food related items. The technology related to the production of PVC bottles for packaging mineral water such as manufacturing equipment, PVC compound systems, and bottle properties will be presented. In addition, future trends concerning PVC vs oriented PVC bottles for flat and carbonated mineral waters as well as new additives for PVC bottle compounds and technology under consideration will be discusse

ISSN:0193-7197    

DOI:10.1002/vnl.730110304

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractProper design of medical devices requires a thorough understanding of material properties throughout the manufacturing, distribution, and end‐use conditions. Widely used amorphous polymers deserve special attention. In this article, we will focus on the physical aging phenomenon. This process affects many important properties of materials. An improved Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) technique was developed to quantify the extent and the kinetics of aging. Consequences of aging were also studied with physical testing and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM

ISSN:0193-7197    

DOI:10.1002/vnl.730110305

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlthough PVC is counted as one of the amorphous plastics it possesses a distinct powder grain structure. This structure is responsible for various effects; for example it is impossible to sinter thick pieces of rigid PVC dryblend possessing satisfactory mechanical properties. For this application, it is necessary to break down this powder structure into smaller parts, called primary particles, by mechanical shearing and covering these particles with processing auxiliaries enabling it to be sintered. PVC can then be melted by the influence of temperature and pressure in the same way as other thermoplastic materials. For this reason, tests were carried out to determine the best material configuration and the necessary data for the compounding and shearing process, and the sinter conditions. A continuously working roll mill was used to break down the structure. The rolls of this equipment are provided with grooves inclined at a certain angle. With this construction it is possible to achieve a high shearing rate at a low mass‐temperature. Furthermore, all additives can be added during the rolling process, so that no additional mixing process is necessary. These gelable pellets, made by the roll mill, can thus be formed in a die into plates of different thicknesses. Samples were pressed by varying compounding and sintering conditions and these were tested for mechanical propertie

ISSN:0193-7197    

DOI:10.1002/vnl.730110306

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe improvement of the impact strength of the telecommunication equipment using injection moldable PVC/MBS and other modifiers were studied. The addition of MBS to the PVC was found with rapid increases in the impact stregths in Kg‐cm/cm: 5.5 of pure PVC; 80 of 12 phr and the maximum of 131 of 20 phr of MBS. This increasing impact strength phenomena were subjected to close examinations of SEM, DMTA, and strain‐stress diagrams. The DMTA analysis of the retaining of the individualTg's of MBS and PVC in the MBS/PVC blends, indicates that no miscibility of MBS and PVC has occurred. The DMTA diagrams of 5, 12, 20, and 30 phrs of MBS in PVC were analyzed and the same samples were also subjected to the impact strength measurements and the SEM examinations. SEM photos showed a gradual transition of the linear to the three‐dimensional arrangements had occurred in the PVC/MBS blends. The formation of three‐dimensional arrangement occurred between 10–20 phr of added MBS. The spacial change from linear to the three‐dimensional arrangements observed in SEM photos correlates the rapid increases of the impact strengths of the specimens tested. Injection specimens of the telephone sets made of PVC/MBS blends with 20 phr of MBS in PVC indicate that the impact strength is averaged at 115 Kg‐cm/cm with tensile strength of 330 Kg/sq cm and elongation of 150%. The similar change of the spacial arrangement is also observed in the

ISSN:0193-7197    

DOI:10.1002/vnl.730110307

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTrapping experiments will be described in which standard workplace monitoring devices were used to collect samples over the dynamic mill, Brabender, and single screw laboratory extruder. Additionally, the results of static (unsheared) heating on clear PVC compound and finished goods with collection of emitted organic vapors are compared to the dynamic case. Identification and quantification of the possible contributors to process odor will be discussed.

ISSN:0193-7197    

DOI:10.1002/vnl.730110308

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA previous overview paper presented at the 1987 SPE ANTEC classified product liability in the plastics industry into three types of tort liability, namely: negligence, breach of warranty, and strict liability. This paper takes the problem one step further and attempts to relate product liability directly to the field of extrusion processing of plastics. Responsible parties are identified, reasons for unjust claims aganist some of these parties are explained, and proposed product information is given which resin and additive suppliers might furnish converters to supplement that normally included by manufactures of extrusion equipment.

ISSN:0193-7197    

DOI:10.1002/vnl.730110309

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractReactions between hydrogen chloride, HCl, and either hydrocerussite, 2PbCO3. Pb(OH)2, or an orthophthalate of lead suspended in di(2‐ethylhexyl)phthalate, DOP, at 180°C are discussed as models of what should happen during the stabilization of PVC if thermal dehydrochlorination were to yield HCl. There is a sharp contrast between the products of these model reactions and those actually found in plasticized PVC containing basic lead compounds. This is taken to show that basic lead stabilizing regimes inhibit PVC thermal dehydrochlorination, actually preventing the formation of HCl. It is proposed that these stabilizing regimes function by a free‐radical mechanism which has been called “true stabilization” for ease of r

ISSN:0193-7197    

DOI:10.1002/vnl.730110310

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLaboratory die swell measurements are routinely measured on many viscoelastic polymer extrudates to characterize thier ability to maintain a specified shape during extrusion operations. The diameters of downstream extrudates obtainable through selected round dies can then be routinely scanned by optical or laser type devices to compare the degree of swell relative to the die diameter itself. Such measurements, while yielding good relative die swell performance between compounds, frequently do not predict the actual die swell levels observed later when the same compound is extruded through production dies of different cross‐sectional shapes and land lengths. This study discusses an alternate method of correlating die swell between dies of different shapes by using a technique derived from fluid mechanics. This concept, used to characterize fluid velocity through non‐circular channels with that observed through circular pipes and ducts, involves the inclusion of a shape factors known as the “Hydraulic Radius” in fluid flow comparisons. When this technique was applied to die swell measurements for extrudates of both a flexible PVC wire jacket compound and a rigid PVC pipe compound, good agreement in actual die swell measurements through both round dies and dies with non‐circular cross sections was obtained. This approach can lend credibility to laboratory die swell measurements and greatly expand their use in predicting production extrusion pe

ISSN:0193-7197    

DOI:10.1002/vnl.730110311

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY