摘要:

The occurrence of late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency was studied in 60 consecutive hirsute women by means of adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH)-stimulated serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) levels. Five (8.3%) women had an exaggerated response (ACTH-stimulated 17-OHP 3,160 ± 560 ng/dl). All of them had regular periods and 3 were virilised. The other 2 were indistinguishable from those with idiopathic hirsutism or polycystic ovarian disease

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000181016

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The plasma concentrations of aldosterone and its known regulators, plasma renin, potassium and ACTH, were examined during graded intensities of treadmill exercise (50, 70 and 90% of maximal oxygen uptake, VO2 45 miles/week, n = 7) were studied in an attempt to define whether physical training causes changes in aldosterone homeostasis. Acute exercise was associated with elevations in plasma aldosterone, renin activity, potassium and ACTH in all three groups of subjects at exercise intensities of 70 and 90% VO2max. There were no differences in any of the responses among the three groups except for a blunted response of PRA at 90% VO2max in highly trained athletes. The exercise-induced rise of plasma aldosterone concentration did not correlate with changes in the concentration of its regulatory substances. We conclude that exercise stimulates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis in an intensity-dependent fashion. With increased physical training identical hormonal and metabolic responses result at increased absolute workload

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000181017

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Phramcological doses of oxytocin administered in basal conditions evoked a rapid surge in plasma glucose and glucagon levels followed by a later increase in plasma insulin and adrenaline levels. The effects of oxytocin on plasma glucagon and adrenaline levels were potentiated by hypoglycemia. When the endogenous pancreas secretion was suppressed by cyclic somatostatin (150 µg/h) and exogenous glucagon (3.5 µg/h) and insulin (0.2 mU/kg·min) were both replaced, oxytocin (0.2 U/min) evoked a transient but significant increase in plasma glucose levels suppressing the glucose infusion rate (GIR) in the first 60 min. On the contrary at higher insulin infusion rate (0.6 mU/kg · min) plasma glucose levels and GIR remained unaffected throughout the study. Oxytocin seems also to potentiate glucose-induced insulin secretion as evidenced by hyperglycemic glucose clamp. In conclusion, pharmacological doses of oxytocin seem to exert a prevalent hyperglycemic effect by a combined action at the liver site (as glycogenolytic agent) and at the endocrine pancreas (as a stimulatory agent of A cell secreti

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000181018

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The data on the status of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in haemodialysis (HD) patients are conflicting. Moreover, a state reminiscent of Cushing’s syndrome has been reported in this group of patients. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), that is produced by the hypothalamus and modulates the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), has been shown to be useful as a provocative test of the HPA axis. We investigated the effect of exogenous ovine CRH (oCRH) on plasma levels of ACTH and cortisol in 13 chronic HD patients. The plasma concentrations of immunoreactive CRH following oCRH administration were similar in patients and controls. In all patients, oCRH given intravenously as bolus injection caused a further increase in the already elevated levels of cortisol. The mean basal plasma levels of ACTH were within the normal range. There was, however, a blunted ACTH response to oCRH. We conclude that the HPA axis in chronic HD patients retains the ability to respond to exogenous oCRH. The patterns of the ACTH and cortisol response to this peptide resemble those observed in chronic stress (depression, anorexia nervosa). Besides, the kinetics of disappearance of oCRH indicate that the kidney may not be the major organ that metabolizes oCR

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000181019

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Seven patients suffering from prostatic cancer were treated with a slow-release D-Trp-6-LHRH preparation for a period of 24–32 months. LH, FSH, PRL and testosterone levels were evaluated before and at the end of treatment and then 40 days later. Baseline and GnRH-, TRH-, and HCG-stimulated hormonal values decreased after treatment. The possibility that a long-term treatment with GnRH analogues induces a sustained suppression of pituitary and testicular function is suggeste

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000181020

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A 36-year-old man is described having McCune-Albright syndrome, acromegaly likely due to somatotroph hyperplasia and hyperthyroidism due to adenomatous goiter. Sexual precocity was not noted. The sella was narrow in size and no mass was seen. The decline of elevated GH by hyperglycemia and increase by GHRH-44(NH2) may support somatotroph hyperplasia, but plasma GHRH-44(NH2) levels were not elevated. A mass in the right lobe and enlargement of the left lobe of the thyroid were noted. Thyroid hormone levels in serum and thyroidal radioiodine uptake values were elevated, while TSH measurements in serum were low. The radioiodine scan showed a cold nodule in the right lobe and a hot area in the left of the thyroid. Thyroidal radioiodine was not suppressed following T3 given orally. These findings are compatible with functioning glands autonomously as the mechanism for the endocrinopathies associated with the McCune-Albright syndrome.

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000181021

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The arginine vasopressin (AVP) concentrations were determined in plasma and in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during a 24-hour period in 7 male patients suffering from hydrocephalus of differing etiologies. Blood and ventricular CSF samples were simultaneously collected every 2 h during the day (08.00–22.00) and every hour during the night (24.00–07.00). In both plasma and CSF, the AVP levels did not show significant time-related circadian variations. No significant correlation was found between the plasma and CSF AVP values during the 24-hour period. The data obtained indicate the absence of the plasma and CSF AVP circadian rhythm in hydrocephalic patients and suggest that in these patients, and possibly in healthy humans, physiological stimuli which are able to induce variations in the plasma AVP concentration during daily life do not alter the CSF AVP cont

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000181022

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The direct effect of short-term bromocriptine administration on human prolactin cell adenomas in vitro was studied by light and electron microscopy and correlated with the effect on hormone release. The light microscopic and, for the first time, ultrastructural characteristics of adenomatous prolactin cells in control and treated cultures were analyzed morphometrically and the changes induced by bromocriptine were quantified. Following 72 h treatment which lowered levels of prolactin release, there was a marked reduction in cell size, cytoplasmic volume and cytoplasmic volume densities of endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. In contrast, the percentage of cytoplasm occupied by lysosomes increased. There was no consistent change in number and diameter of secretory granules. These findings indicate that prolactin cell involution is a direct effect of bromocriptine and suggest that reduction in endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex is largely responsible for the decreased cell size. Lysosomal degradation of cytoplasmic components may play a role in this process.

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000181023

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The role of endogenous opioids in the control of gonadotropin secretion in uremic male rats was investigated using the narcotic antagonist, naloxone. In order to eliminate the effect of weight loss due to uremia-induced anorexia as a cause of previously described altered gonadotropin secretion in uremia, we also studied a group of normal pair-fed control animals who exhibited a weight loss comparable to that of the uremic animals. Naloxone administration had no effect on the basal or LRH-stimulated peak concentrations of LH and FSH in the normal or the uremic rats. Basal and LRH-stimulated gonadotropin responses in the pair-fed rats were comparable to those seen in the normal rats. Similarly, opoid blockade produced no change in the basal or LRH-stimulated gonadotropin responses in the pair-fed animals. Testosterone concentrations were significantly lower in the uremic and pair-fed animals compared to the normal rats. The data suggest that experimental renal failure is not associated with altered opioidergic tone, as it relates to gonadotropin secretion, or to diminished sensitivity of the gonadotroph to LRH stimulation. The decreased testosterone concentration seen in the uremic and pair-fed rats may reflect abnormalities in gonadal hormone secretion due to primary pathology occurring at the level of the gonad. These abnormalities may be reflected as diminished Leydig cell sensitivity to LH. The inappropriately low concentrations of LH in the presence of low testosterone together with normal gonadotropin response to exogenous LRH also suggest an abnormal secretion of endogenous LRH. It is not clear whether this presumed abnormality in LRH secretion is a primary event or is related to decreased testosterone production by the testes in the uremic and pair-fed rats.

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000181024

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000181025

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger