摘要:

Homotransplantation of European hamster (Cricetus cricetus) adrenal cortex fragments was made into the testes of animals which were later adrenalectomized. It was revealed that the successful graft (only one tenth the original gland volume) became functional throughout the entire period (as estimated by urinary excretion of Porter-Silber chromogens) and even exhibited the seasonal variations characteristic of control animals.

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000178245

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The ACTH stimulation test for depot preparations was carried out with a synthetic depot corticotrophin (Synacthen Depot®) in normal, dexamethasone-blocked, and hypophysectomised rats. It was found that the response curves (plasma and adrenal corticosterone) were very similar in all three groups, the peak values being somewhat higher in the normal and block dexamethasone-blocked animals. Towards the end of the stimulation test, the normal animals showed a marked deviation from the nycterohemeral rhythm. This change, which complicates the determination of the duration of action of the preparation used, is indicative of a disturbance in the hypothalamo-pituitaryadrenal feedback system. In dexamethasone-blocked animals, the effects of ACTH on the adrenals and thymus cannot be studied in isolation but only in combination with those of dexamethasone. Hence, despite all the technical difficulties involved, the test with hypophysectomised rats is still the method that yields the most easily assessable responses

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000178246

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Insulin-induced hypoglycemia has been used in 109 children with a variety of disorders to assess the hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal axis.The patients were divided into 3 groups: (1) patients with growth retardation and with various disorders where an involvement of the hypothalamo-pituitary region was suspected; (2) obese patients; (3) specific syndromes: spontaneous hypoglycemia, anorexia nervosa, Turner’s syndrome, craniopharyngioma. Glucose, free fatty acids, cortisol and growth hormone were measured before injection of insulin, and at 20-min-intervals thereafter for a period of 2–4 h. The findings, particularly in obesity and in syndromes other than growth disorders have shown, that a series of factors have to be considered for a correct interpretation of the hormonal response to hypoglycemia. The limits for normal, reduced or absent response are given and as a simple screening for growth hormonee deficiency, a growth hormone estimation without stimulation can be used. The test has been found safe under clinical conditions and to provide reliable information about growth hormone and ACTH, respectively cortisol react

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000178247

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of chlorpropamide and water deprivation test on free water clearance was investigated in 10 patients with diabetes insipidus. It was found that in patients in whom negativation of free water clearance was obtained during the water deprivation test, chlorpromide induced a more prompt and pronounced effect. This was interpreted as indicating a central action of the drug on antidiuretic hormone (ADH) release. A potentiating effect on persisting minute amounts of endogenous ADH is also postulated because of the negativation of free water clearance by chlorpropamide in patients in whom no release of endogenous ADH was achieved by water deprivation test. These results suggest a dual action of chlorpropamide, its stimulating effect resulting in greater antidiuresis. The water deprivation test can reveal the possibility of the drug to exert such an action.

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000178248

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Glucose-6-phosphate was measured in microdissected pancreatic islets obtained from obese-hyperglycemic mice. Exposure of the islets in a low glucose medium to the hypoglycemic sulfonylurea compound glibenclamide resulted in a significant decrease of glucose-6-phosphate. This effect might be due to uncoupling of the oxidative phosphorylation leading to an accelerated glycolytic rate. Under the same experimental conditions another stimulator of insulin release, dibutyryl cyclic 3,5-AMP, induced a slight increase in glucose-6-phosphate. Inhibition of the glucose-induced insulin release by epinephrine, diazoxide or omission of Ca+ + resulted in considerably elevated islet levels of glucose-6-phosphate. A reduced availability of Ca+ + may be a common denominator forthis effect on glucose-6-phosphate.

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000178249

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000178250

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000178244

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger