ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb03517.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSome difficulties in the management of addiction in a Drug Dependence Unit are discussed. Staff time with clients on prescribed methadone is dominated by enquiries into covert drug abuse and they must contend with passive aggression and denial. Dependency issues, to which the DDU may contribute, arise with chronic clients. Psychodynamic themes, even where identified as important, are difficult to follow through and link to outcome. There are inherent constraints in a medical model of management addressing behaviours which are as much the property of social context as of definable individual psychopathology. The AIDS crisis may bring new funds but also new pressures: DDUs may come to be judged essentially by their ability to shield the general population from HIV. This would have implications for the ethos of individual treatment and for team make‐u

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb03518.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree specific areas of the law concern employers faced with problems of addiction at the workplace. At common law an employer may be guilty of negligence where a person has suffered personal injuries or economic loss as a result of an act of negligence committed in the course of employment by an employee. An example would be an employee with a serious addiction to alcohol or drugs who caused an accident in the company car whilst on company business. Employers may also be guilty of a criminal offence for breach of a statutory duty. One such duly is to have a ‘safe system of work’. Other statutory rights guarantee employees a right not to be unfairly dismissed and this includes employees with addiction problems. Lastly, employers must be careful not to break the contract of employment if, for example, an employee with an addiction problem were to be suspended from duty or have his company car withdrawn, even if this was a temporary measure o

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb03519.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper examines use of the concept of control by policy makers, researchers, health promoters, crime preventers and therapists. It also looks at recently advocated local, ‘non‐control’ measures which are pan of the public health arsenal of prevention measures. It is argued that the broadening concerns of the public health perspective may be viewed as a pan of the growth of new, more pervasive forms of social regulation and control which should be a concern for those working to reduce alcohol m

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb03520.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article continues, and hopefully concludes, a dispute in this journal over the value of the learning paradigm of problem drinking, as outlined by Heather&Robertson1. It is first reasserted that the idea that the problem drinking paradigm is nothing more than a bid by psychologists to take over the alcohol studies field is neither a useful nor serious proposition. Secondly, it is denied that our claim is that psychology has already succeeded in substituting a new paradigm for an old one, but conceded that the term ‘general theory’ may be more appropriate in some ways than ‘paradigm’. Thirdly, the criticism that the general learning theory is as tautologous as the disease theory it aspires to replace is again rejected. Finally, the merits of a general theory of problem drinking, as opposed to a diversify of explanatory models, are ex

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb03521.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Psychoactive Substance Abuse and Dependence (PSDA) section of the revised, 3rd edition of the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM‐III‐R) bears a close correspondence to the conceptualization of a dependence syndrome as posited by Edwards, Arif&Hodgson (1981). Further, DSM‐III‐R represents a major shift in psychodiagnostics. The present study investigated hypothesized properties of the dependence syndrome and examined the characteristics of DSM‐III‐R criteria with a sample of opiate users. Findings indicated general support for the unidimensional postulate of the dependence syndrome but did not support the weighting of syndrome elements within DSM‐III‐R. The implications of such findings for the proposed DSM

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb03522.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStudies have consistently reported a relationship between psychopathology and opioid use, with the former cited as a powerful predictor of treatment outcome. Scores on the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ–28), a non‐diagnostic measure of minor psychopathology, were obtained from the randomly selected files of 150 opioid users presenting for treatment at an inner city drug advisory service. Approximately 61% of the sample qualified as ‘cases’, indicating some degree of psychological and social dysfunction. Clients with current legal charges had lower test scores than those without pending legal action, while GHQ scores were unrelated to the remaining 10 demographic and drug use variables investigated. The prevalence of minor psychopathology reported in this sample has implications for the provision of appropriate and effective interventions, and points to the further investigation of the GHQ as a tool in the assessment of psychological dysfunction in this pop

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb03523.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe relation between impulsivity, empathy, and abstinence of poly‐substance abusers in self‐help groups is investigated prospectively. Utilizing S. B. G Eysenck et al. ’Impulsivity Questionnaire (17), new self‐help’ club' members were assessed for traits of empathy and impulsivity. Abstinence was assessed one year later. Impulsivity correlated negatively with abstinence and positively with numbers of ‘slips’. Contrary to previous research, empathy failed to correlate with either variable. Possible interpretations and future research directions

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb03524.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA sample of men in prison was interviewed and rated for the presence of six behaviours commonly thought to be impulsive: alcohol abuse (CAGE positive), sedative dependence, other drug abuse, pathological gambling, repeated aggression and self‐harm. They were also asked to complete the EPQ and 15 questionnaires. Out of 61 men on a special protection, wing, 51 agreed to take part. We found that the score on the Impulsiveness scale of the 15 correlated with the number of disorders present in individuals, even when corrected for age. Pathological gambling and self‐harm did not correlate with the presence of any of the other behavio

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb03525.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBased on data from a comparative survey of drinking in four Scandinavian countries (Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden), the experiencing of positive consequences of drinking was studied in relation to alcohol consumption, intoxication frequency and the experiencing of negative consequences of drinking. In all four countries a substantial portion–both of the men and of the women–reported having experienced various positive effects of drinking during the last 12 months. The positive consequences clearly correlated with yearly alcohol consumption and even more with intoxication frequency. A strong link between the experiencing of positive and negative consequences of drinking was also found. The study also indicates that there are national differences in the experiencing of positive consequences of drinking which do not reflect the national differences in total alcohol consumpt

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb03526.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY