ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1987.tb01553.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1987.tb01554.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe Finnish State Alcohol Company, Alko Ltd, is a state alcohol monopoly, i.e. it has the responsibility for both the alcohol trade and the alcohol policy in Finland. The Biomedical Department of Alko is one of the first laboratories in the world specialising in basic research on the biological and medical effects of alcohol. This research is connected to the company's role in alcohol policy, and its purpose is to obtain reliable information in the prevention and treatment of alcohol‐related health problems that can be used, in collaboration with the Information Department, for public education. The Biomedical Department has an active program of cooperation internationally, with ISBRA and various laboratories around the world in the alcohol field, and, locally, with several Finnish universities, e.g. providing training opportunities, for their undergraduate and graduate student

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1987.tb01555.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1987.tb01556.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1987.tb01557.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe value of a nasal nicotine solution (NNS) as an aid to cigarette withdrawal was assessed in a preliminary clinical trial. Consecutive new attenders at the Maudsley Smokers Clinic (n=26) were invited to use NNS for at least the first 11 days of their cessation attempt. Results indicated that NNS alleviated withdrawal and may he helpful in achieving cigarette cessation. Short and long term success rates were 65% and 35% respectively. Side effects were not a serious problem. Nicotine intake from NNS was low on average, but in some subjects who became long term users was similar to that from cigarettes. NNS merits further study, but its full potential can only be assessed by a placebo‐controlled tria

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1987.tb01558.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA sample of 25 men and 25 women, referred to a specialist alcohol clinic, was interviewed to obtain information about perceptions of the ‘barriers’ to treatment entry and of the events and circumstances seen as influencing decisions to attend the clinic. A semi‐structured interview schedule was used and interviews were tape recorded. Perceptions of the ‘barriers’ to treatment were described in an earlier paper. This paper reports on patients' accounts of the part played by life events and difficulties, and by other people on clinic attendance. Current difficulties, affecting patients at the time of entry into treatment are described and patients' perceptions of the main reason for treatment entry are reported. The study indicates that few patients had accepted referral to the clinic primarily because they wanted to change their drinking behaviour. Rather they hoped to alleviate other problems in their lives. Some differences were found between men and women in their experiences of life events in the preceding 12 months but not in their perceptions of the influence of life events on decisions to seek help. There were also some sex differences in the reporting of current difficulties in the main reason for treatment entry and in perceptions of the influence of others on clinic a

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1987.tb01559.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe attitudes of professional workers, of drug addicts and ex‐addicts in Sheffield to a city‐wide non‐prescribing policy is reported. In addition, opinions on related subjects are expressed with some details of the users. Professional workers strongly support the programme but drug users, and even successfully treated ex‐users, question our justification of limiting people's rights to take drugs. However, the police and probation services feel we have stimulated those same people to take more positive approaches to their problems, and no great increase in crime or deaths or medical problems have followed the changes we ha

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1987.tb01560.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe confusion in the alcohol‐unemployment literature may be partly explained by methodological considerations. A standard instrument for measuring alcohol consumption was used in this study which reports data drawn from a general population study. Results show that unemployed males were particularly likely to binge drink and to report adverse effects from consuming alcohol. It is suggested that (a) the choice of consumption variables may influence the outcome of research in this area, and (b) unemployed men may be exposed to greater risks from drinking alcoho

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1987.tb01561.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe selection of criteria to operationalize concepts in empirical research is not an arbitrary process. Rather, it must be guided by the nature of the hypotheses being tested. Failure to do this will render the hypotheses themselves absurd. These points are discussed in relation to the particular demands of testing hypotheses concerning the relationship between life events and ‘onset’ of alcohol abuse. It is argued that the alcohol dependence syndrome provides the most valid set of criteria for operationalizing the latter conc

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1987.tb01562.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY