摘要:

AbstractUntil recently, alcohol research with US Hispanics had focused on deviant drinking and alcoholism, suggesting that these phenomena resulted from stress due to socioeconomic disadvantage or acculturation, or ‘machismo”. These explanations, however, are too simple to account for the complexity of drinking behavior and alcohol problems among this ethnic group. Recent research suggests that a full understanding of these problems will only be achieved by taking into account the sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics of US Hispanics as well as the culture and history that characterizes their life in the

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb01595.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSurveys in the UK show that young people have no difficulty buying cigarettes even though the law forbids their sale under the age of 16. That, essentially, is what Martin Jarvis&Ann McNeill's paper in this issue of the British Journal of Addiction shows. In ‘Children's purchases of single cigarettes: evidence for drug pushing?’ they show how easily 14‐to 15‐year‐old children buy their cigarettes, but with an added twist–many shops break open the packs and sell single cigarettes to children who cannot afford, or do not yet need, a whole packet. This editorial discusses the reasons for this state of affairs and notes the similarities with the situation in the USA, where the Secretary of State for Health has expressed concern. The tobacco industry has expressed concern also but has shown a cynical and typical lack of interest in correcting the situation and, in fact, has failed to respond to suggested solutions. Shops who illegally sell cigarettes to children should be regarded as the drug pushers they are, and treated

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb01596.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this occasional series we record the views and personal experience of people who have specially contributed to the evolution of ideas in the Journal's field of interest. Raj Rathod in the late 1960s described with his colleagues the first significant British outbreak of heroin use to occur outside London and pioneered the development of certain epidemiological approaches.

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb01597.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this specially commissioned BJA series experienced clinicians will be giving their personal and frontline views as to how the practical business of treating people with substance problems is best handled.AbstractOne of the methadone programmes of the Amsterdam Municipal Health Service is the ‘methadone by bus’ project. Two mobile clinics cruise the city, stopping at six different locations daily. The liquid methadone is consumed on the spot and clean needles and condoms are available. This project is based on the principles of ‘harm‐reduction’, i.e. if it is not (yet) possible to ‘cure’ a hard drug user, one should at least try to minimize the harm they cause to themselves and their environment. As soon as a client refrains from the use of illegal drugs, the client can ‘graduate’ to other methadone programmes with a higher threshold. To prevent double prescription, all Amsterdam methadone programmes participate in the central methadone registration. The Amsterdam Municipal Health Service has contact with over 50% of the drug users. The estimated number of hard drug users has remained stable over the last 5 years, whilst the average age of drug users has increased to 32 years. In the future, increasing the average dosage and the provision of injectable drug users will be discussed to assess their role in furth

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb01598.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb01599.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb01600.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn a 2.5–5 year follow‐up study of 150 drug misusers who were new to treatment at three London Drug Treatment agencies, a 77% follow‐up rate was obtained. High rates of self‐reported abstinence from opiates and other drugs were found. Some 37% of those followed‐up were totally drug free at follow‐up. Seventy‐one per cent were living in the community and of those 73% were opiate free and 35% were totally drug free. Only 18% had injected in the 4 weeks prior to follow‐up. Thirteen per cent were in prison and 12% were resident in a therapeutic community. Being told about the dangers of HIV had persuaded some people to give

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb01601.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis is a follow‐up study of 70 patients referred for treatment of drinking problems. At the end of 12 months, it was found that 60% remained in abstinence, 8.5% social drinking, 28.5% relapsed or defaulted and 3% died. A poor outcome was observed in patients between 20 and 39 years old as compared to those between 40 and 59 years old. Patients with SADQ scores of less than 20 had good outcomes. However, there was no significant difference between Indian and Chinese patients. Marital status and social class were not useful predictors of outcom

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb01602.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents an anthropological analysis of the meaning of drinking for the male members of the Skinhead youth subculture in Perth, Western Australia. Perth Skinheads are an exported and modified form of the original English Skinhead subculture. Using participant observation as the primary research method, the style of drinking is analysed as one of the ways in which the members of this subculture express their English ethnicity and constitutive of the social processes which underpin the subculture. The article also explores the reasons why Perth Skinheads do not conform to a pattern of drinking in rounds held to be characteristic of some working class drinking groups.

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb01603.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe studied correlates of wine, hard liquor or beer preference among 53172 white men and women in a Northern California prepaid health plan. Preference for a beverage type was reported by 51% of drinkers; 22% of persons with a preference reported exclusive use of the preferred beverage. Persons who prefer wine are likely to be women, temperate, young or middle‐aged, non‐smokers, better educated and free of symptoms or risk of illness. Persons who prefer liquor are likely to be men, heavier drinkers, middle‐aged or older, less educated and afflicted with symptoms or risk factors for major illnesses. Persons who prefer beer are likely to be young men who are intermediate between wine and liquor preferrers for most traits. The traits of persons reporting exclusive use of a beverage type were similar. These data identify correlates of beverage choice which need to be controlled for in alcohol‐health

ISSN:0952-0481    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb01604.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY