摘要:

AbstractThe outcome of the 1994 congressional elections represented a political sea of change that seems certain to have a major impact on federal facility environmental activities. Nevertheless, it is too soon to forecast with any precision the nature and full extent of changes by a Republican‐controlled Congress. The $300 million dollar Defense Environmental Restoration Account (DERA) cut (along with a $200 million cut in DOE cleanup funding) contained in the recently enacted Emergency Supplemental Appropriations and Rescissions for the Department of Defense to Preserve and Enhance Readiness 1995 Act suggests that there has been a significant change in congressional attitudes toward federal facility environmental requirements. Altogether, the Defense Appropriations Subcommittees have reduced the fiscal year 1995 DERA budget request by nearly one third. The fact that reductions of this magnitude failed to generate widespread comment or concern points to a continuation of congressional reductions to DOD and DOE environmental funding requests during the remainder of the 104th Congress.Efforts to hold down DOD and DOE environmental funding levels may also provide strong incentive for Congress to carefully review environmental statutory requirements and regulatory reform. However, the issues are complex and difficult, and a quick or successful outcome is by no means certain. What is more certain at the installation level is that all stakeholders are going to be challenged by recent developments in Congress, and federal facilities managers and personnel can play a key role in trying to make sure that these challenges are handled in a civil and constructive fashion. To do so you will have to work hard to preserve the partnerships that have been forged, keep everyone engaged and focused on providing the most responsible options, and, above all, keep in mind that funding allocations may have changed, but existing statutory and regulatory requirements have not. Thus, the duty of federal facilities managers and personnel remains to identify environmental requirements, pass them up the chain of command, and use available funding as best you can to comply with regulatory guidanc

ISSN:1048-4078    

DOI:10.1002/ffej.3330060202

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe United States is currently conducting a massive experiment in shrinking its military establishment, demobilizing facilities at the highest rate since the immediate post‐World War II era. As problems have arisen in the process, Congress has responded with changes in the laws governing military base closure and reuse, but there is still room for improvemen

ISSN:1048-4078    

DOI:10.1002/ffej.3330060203

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMany environmental professionals might agree with Edmund Burke, a British statesman, who wrote, “It is a general popular error to suppose that the loudest complainers for the public to be the most anxious for its welfare.” The problem of dealing with the public is one of the greatest challenges to effective environmental program management. Adding to Burke's axiom, the author tells us that it is another popular error to suppose that the blame for this problem lies with the public. Government officials can be their own worst enemy. Some solutions have been found through university research in the field of risk communication. Much attention has been brought to risk communication principles and theories, and this article provides practical suggesti

ISSN:1048-4078    

DOI:10.1002/ffej.3330060204

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNeither the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) nor its subsequent regulations provide substantive guidance for determining the level of detail, discussion, and analysis that is sufficient to adequately cover a proposed action. Yet, decision makers are routinely confronted with making such determinations. Experience has shown that no two decision makers are likely to completely agree on the amount of discussion that is sufficient to adequately cover a proposed action. Lacking definitive guidance, decision makers and critics alike may point to a universe of potential factors as the basis for defending their claim that an action is or is not adequately covered. Experience indicates that assertions are often based on ambiguous opinions that can be neither proved nor disproved. Lack of definitive guidance slows the decision‐making process and can result in project delays. Furthermore, it can also lead to inconsistencies in decision‐making, inappropriate levels of NEPA documentation, and increased risk of a project being challenged for inadequate coverage. This article sets out a model specifically designed to streamline the NEPA process by providing a systematic approach for making these determinations. In many cases, agencies may find that using this model can reduce the analysis and size of NEPA docume

ISSN:1048-4078    

DOI:10.1002/ffej.3330060205

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEnvironmental remediation cost‐estimating models have been developed to reduce the uncertainty in budget estimates and in the contract preparation and negotiation process. The high cost of many remediation projects and the difficulty in arriving at realistic estimates are other factors driving model development. There are several methodologies used to produce cost estimates that have been standardized over time: comparative analysis, quantity take‐off or line‐item estimating, life‐cycle cost modeling, and parametric, or top‐down modeling. This article describes the Remedial Action Cost Engineering and Requirements (RACER) System, a parametric modeling system. Several specific models will be highlighted and their use to achieve a realistic cost estimate for CERCLA actions will be

ISSN:1048-4078    

DOI:10.1002/ffej.3330060206

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo RCRA solid waste management unit/underground storage tank remediations were scheduled at the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Environmental Research Center, Muscle Shoals, Alabama. By negotiating health risk‐based alternative cleanup levels (ACLs), using advanced laboratory methods, and employing bioremediation technology, ENSR provided a solution that satisfied the state agency and saved TVA time and money. Eliminating the need for transportation and off‐site disposal, TVA's environmental liabilities were also mitigated. This article presents a “how‐to” case study for effectively managing remediation projects

ISSN:1048-4078    

DOI:10.1002/ffej.3330060207

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRemediation of groundwater at NSB (Naval Submarine Base) Kings Bay proceeded from problem identification to groundwater treatment within a 22‐month period. This rapid implementation schedule resulted from application of observational approach methods to project management and technical decision making.Finding that groundwater containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as vinyl chloride and dichloroethene was migrating off base property, base authorities and ABB Environmental Services, Inc. (ABB‐ES) established a fast‐track investigation/remediation program embodying the ideals of the observational approach. The investigation/remediation program of NSB Kings Bay Site 11 has proceeded in three phases. The first stage of the investigation/remediation program was implemented to confirm the existence of the chlorinated VOCs in site groundwater. The second phase of the investigation/remediation program was initiated to halt further contamination migration and to further delineate groundwater contamination. The third stage of investigation/remediation, source reduction and final remediation selection, is currently under way.The uniqueness of the Kings Bay investigation/remediation program is in the approach to the problem. Compared to the traditional approach, which would have required a more comprehensive groundwater sampling and analysis program prior to remediation, the investigation/remediation approach applied at NSB Kings Bay allowed remediation to proceed on a more expeditious schedule, with an accepted amount of uncertainty derived from first‐stage groundwater data. It was also understood that modifications to the system would be made when deviations to the most probable conditions arose. As a result, contaminant migration has been effectively controlled, while further site investigation and source reduction evaluation have pr

ISSN:1048-4078    

DOI:10.1002/ffej.3330060208

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe United States Navy has operated a military installation at Adak Island, Alaska, since 1943. Jet fuel (JP‐5) has been used as the primary fuel source on the island, including use as heating oil in the housing areas. Releases of JP‐5 to the subsurface were discovered in three housing areas in 1988, and a product recovery system was installed in 1989. The original product recovery system consisted of 16 recovery wells with dual‐phase pumps. Recovered product was pumped into storage tanks for recycling on Adak. Recovered water was discharged to the sanitary sewer. The volume of product recovered by the system has declined steadily since installation.The Navy retained EMCON in 1993 to investigate and evaluate the operational status and effectiveness of the existing recovery systems. EMCON determined that the product recovery systems were not operating as designed and that some of the plumes had migrated further beyond the effective zone of capture of the existing recovery wells. EMCON worked closely with the Navy to identify and design a new product recovery system that would effectively remediate the jet fuel product plumes while minimizing ongoing maintenance require

ISSN:1048-4078    

DOI:10.1002/ffej.3330060209

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1048-4078    

DOI:10.1002/ffej.3330060210

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1048-4078    

DOI:10.1002/ffej.3330060211

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY