ISSN:1048-4078    

DOI:10.1002/ffej.3330110202

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:2000

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1048-4078    

DOI:10.1002/ffej.3330110203

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:2000

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOver the last 30 years, the Department of Defense's (DOD's) Environmental Program has evolved through three distinct phases: planning, cleanup, and compliance. Increased concerns by regulators and the public over environmental and safety issues have recently brought increased attention to munitions and range management. Munitions management and western land withdrawals have been the DOD's range focus for the last five years in order to meet congressional mandates. Munitions management emphasis has yielded such direction as the Military Munitions Rule, DOD Directives 4715.11 “Environmental and Explosive Safety Management on Department of Defense Active and Inactive Ranges,” AF Instruction 13–212, and the developing Munitions Action Plan (MAP) and draft Range Rule. While munitions safety and environmental impact on our ranges are very important, they are only the most publicized of the numerous interrelated range challenges, such as noise and encroachment. DOD rangeland withdrawals have introduced new range management requirements. Numerous DOD ranges have come under attack with some actually being shut down. Attempts to establish new ranges have faced stiff opposition resulting in significant changes, decreased capabilities, and greatly increased costs. New weapon systems are being developed with increased range and autonomy that drive the need for expanded range capabilities. These events all highlight the fundamental role comprehensive range planning must fill to support sustainable ranges within DOD. This article proposes an overarching companion document to the draft MAP: a Range and Airspace Action Plan (RAAP). Three keys to the RAAP comprehensive sustainable range planning are presented: defining ranges comprehensively, documenting current range environmental impacts through National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), and comprehensive planning for a sustainable f

ISSN:1048-4078    

DOI:10.1002/ffej.3330110204

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:2000

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWith land use becoming an ever more pressing issue for the Department of Defense (DOD), the possibility of environmental contamination from normal training operations must be addressed. This article examines the potential for contamination from the propellants, explosives, and pyrotechnics (PEP) associated with military training; includes a synopsis of some of the studies conducted to date; touches on the fate and transport of PEPs; and discusses the DOD approach to investigating the potential for contamination from normal training. While DOD is attempting to proactively address potential problems, one thing has become clear: better communication, both internal and external to DOD, is a must.

ISSN:1048-4078    

DOI:10.1002/ffej.3330110205

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:2000

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA risk‐based approach to environmental metrics is proposed for use by federal facilities that incorporates not only the mass of chemicals involved, but also the characteristics of the chemicals, when evaluating process changes or comparing pollution prevention alternatives. A risk‐based approach developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as the WAR (Waste Reduction) Algorithm can be used to generate a risk‐based metric for federal facilities. The WAR Algorithm can establish a relative potential risk baseline for a given industrial process or processes, and can serve as a useful tool to either forecast the reduction of potential risks for pollution prevention (P2) options or document the risk reduction achieved through alternatives already implemented in a P2 pr

ISSN:1048-4078    

DOI:10.1002/ffej.3330110206

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:2000

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHigh cost and potential liabilities associated with hazardous material (HM) use and resulting hazardous waste (HW) generation remain a concern within the Army in Europe. Numerous efforts are ongoing to improve operations and reduce the risk associated with HM/HW management. One such effort, an investigation initiated by Headquarters, U.S. Army Europe (USAREUR) examines the benefit to be gained by integrating traditional “pharmacy” business practices in the existing supply system rather than building a parallel system for HM/HW management. With expertise from the Logistics Management Institute (LMI), USAREUR examined its logistics system, the inherent life‐cycle management processes, and its ability to support proven HM/HW management and environmental pollution prevention (P2) principles. The goal was to blueprint the current system and examine the potential for building improved HM/HW management into the Army logistics system rather than graft management schemes external to the logistic system for HW/HM manag

ISSN:1048-4078    

DOI:10.1002/ffej.3330110207

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:2000

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBased on Department of Defense (DOD) policy guidance, the Department of the Army first adopted its Environmental Audit Program in 1985. Effective October 1991, the Army Environmental Audit Program was revised and redesignated as the Environmental Compliance Assessment System (ECAS) Program. The ECAS audits began to evaluate the installation's overall Environmental Program Management (EPM) and Environmental Management Systems (EMSs). The purpose of the EPM/EMS aspect of ECAS audits was to determine more systematic “root causes” for observed compliance problems. With the adoption of the ISO 14001 standard, the EPM/EMS portion of the ECAS protocol was revised to more closely mirror that standard.DOD has initiated a two‐year pilot effort to evaluate the feasibility of ISO 14001 implementation at selected DOD installations. This DOD pilot program focuses both on implementation costs and on increased efficiency associated with more effective integration of installation‐level EMS.In anticipation of a favorable endorsement of the ISO 14001 framework for installation‐EMS, several Army installations have begun to perform their own gap analyses to determine their conformance to the various parts of the standard. This article describes the results of EMS audits (gap analyses) at nine Army installations. Major nonconformances observed at each installation and corrective actions are also

ISSN:1048-4078    

DOI:10.1002/ffej.3330110208

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:2000

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article addresses the validation of data generated by the Department of Defense Environmental Restoration Program (DERP) Relative Risk Site Evaluation process, the process used to determine the relative risk of sites containing, or potentially containing, Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA)‐designated contaminants. Relative risk data are used to categorize sites, establish cleanup priorities, and report on progress in the Department of Defense's (DOD's) environmental restoration program. To ensure the validity of these data, the military services submit data twice a year to the Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Environmental Security (ODUSD[ES]) for verification. The core of the validation process is the recalculation of quantitative data on contaminants. This article describes the validation process and reports the results from the fall 1998 review period. The findings from this review indicate that relative risk site evaluations are generating meaningful data for categorizing sites and prioritizing wor

ISSN:1048-4078    

DOI:10.1002/ffej.3330110209

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:2000

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractToday's competitive environment is driving both government and industry to bring “better, faster, cheaper, and cleaner” products to the market. Within the government, the Joint Group on Pollution Prevention Methodology (JG‐PPMET), a product of the Joint Group on Pollution Prevention (JG‐PP), is a standardized process accepted by Program Managers to mitigate future costs and risks. The JG‐PP is a partnership between various government organization and assists stakeholders in validating and implementing cleaner and cheaper processes at military and industrial facilities. To date, JG‐PP has used the JG‐PPMET on 20 projects across the Department of Defense (DOD) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). These initiatives, often involving multiple government and industry partners, will result in over $37 million in cost savings and cost avoidance and $78 million avoidance in duplicat

ISSN:1048-4078    

DOI:10.1002/ffej.3330110210

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:2000

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article evaluates the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) practice of “overfiling” state enforcement actions. The foundation for “authorized” state environmental programs is to administer and enforce those programs under a federal‐state partnership. “Authorized” states should have discretion and flexibility in permit and enforcement decisions. “Overfiling” as a form of EPA enforcement oversight of a state's exercise of discretion erodes the trust upon which an effective federal‐state partnership depends. One U.S. Court of Appeals has found that EPA lacks the authority to “overfile” an “authorized

ISSN:1048-4078    

DOI:10.1002/ffej.3330110211

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:2000

数据来源: WILEY