ISSN:1040-8800    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The specific aim of the present research was to determine whether kinematics of an ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) are dependent on design changes made to alter stiffness. Four AFOs of different design were loaded in plantaiflexion/dorsiflexion. The applied moment, coupled moments, and screw axis were determined. Increased trim resulted in decreased stiffness and a posterior shift in the location of the screw axis. The flexible-hinge design exhibited a substantial increase in the variability of the screw axis location compared to the locked-hinge design. Results indicate that design changes intended to alter stiffness also alter the kinematics of the orthoses.

ISSN:1040-8800    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of the present research was to identify the kinetic strategy used by patients with unilateral transtibial amputations during stair ascent, and to determine the influence of three different prostheses on these kinetics. Five physically active transtibial amputees and five matched control subjects participated in this study. Amputee subjects were randomly assigned each of three prostheses, Flex-Foot, ReFlex VSP, and solid-ankle cushion-heel (SACH) foot. Subjects ascended a portable three-step staircase, with an isolated portion of the first step bolted to aforceplate. Three-dimensional marker positions were collected for the foot, leg, thigh, pelvis, and trunk, bilaterally on the amputee subjects and on the right side of the control subjects. Marker position data were combined with anthropometric data and forceplate data to perform the kinetic analysis. Net joint moment, power, and work values at the ankle, knee, and hip were determined for three trials for each subject. Peak moment, power, and work values were not different between the nonamputated side and the control subjects with the exception of the ankle, where the amputee subjects had greater power and work values. A comparison of the amputated and nonamputated sides showed a dominant- knee strategy on the nonamputated side and a dominant-hip strategy on the amputated side. The type of prosthesis was shown to make a difference at the hip, where greater work values were observed when subjects were wearing the SACH foot. The findings of this study may help to guide the rehabilitation of amputees and make a case for selecting an energy-storing prosthesis.

ISSN:1040-8800    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Floor-reaction ankle-foot orthoses (FRAFOs) were fit to a patient with an L-5 le el myelomeningocele to show their effect on increasing knee extension and the knee extension moment in the presence of 20° bilateral knee flexion contractures. It was hypothesized that FRAFOs would pre ent the crouchedtype gait pattern commonly seen in those with myelomeningoceles. Because of the rigid nature of the FRAFO, it was thought this would increase the external knee-extension moment and extend the knees to their maximum range. A patient with myelomeningocele underwent gait analysis testing while barefoot and while wearing FRAFOs set in 10° dorsiflexion. Joint kinetic and kinematic, along with electromyographic data on the astus lateralis and rectus femoris were determined. Results showed a peak plantarflexor moment in late stance of 0.70 N-m/kg body weight while the patient was barefoot and 1.32 N»m/kg body weight while the patient was wearing the FRAFO (P <.0001). Knee extension during the barefoot trails was 20.5°, and was 12.3° during the FRAFO trials (P <.0001). Electromyographic acti ity of the rectus femoris in terminal stance decreased significantly during FRAFO trials compared to the barefoot trials (307 mV ersus 53 mV; P <.0001) consistent with the impro ed knee extension. FRAFOs set in 10° dorsiflexion pro ided a significant increase in knee extension and knee-extension moment during gait for this patient with myelomeningocele, despite 20° bilateral knee-flexion contractures

ISSN:1040-8800    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this study is to see if gait deviations resulting from the lack of knee flexion in the solid-knee prosthesis are reduced when a young amputee is fitted with an articulating prosthesis at an earlier age than what has been the norm. Three-dimensional kinematic data were collected from seven pediatric amputees (age ranging from 1 year, 5 months to 6 years, 1 month) at three time points: 1) initially, with their nonarticulated prostheses; 2) after gait training with their new, articulated prostheses; and 3) after approximately 1 year of use with the new prostheses. Results show that the gait strategy for advancing the amputated limb changed from initial visit to follow-up. The children no longer used a circumducted gait pattern, and differences in hip range of motion between limbs were decreased. All children successfully transitioned to articulating- knee prostheses and now walk with more normalized gait patterns.

ISSN:1040-8800    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-8800    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID