摘要:

V. alginolyticusfrom environmental sources of different geographical areas and some human pathogenic strains were investigated for their sensitivity to 29 different antimicrobial agents, using the agar diffusion method. All strains were sensitive to Gentamicin, Neomycin, Sulfaisodimidin, Sulfamethoxazole‐Trimethoprim, Rifamycin, Nalidixan and Linco‐Spectin and all except one to Trimethoprim, Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol, Nitrofurantoin and Tobramycin. Between 80 and 94% of tested strains were sensitive to Clindamycin, Cephalotin, Kanamycin, Tylosin and Spiramycin, while Ampicillin, Vancomycin and Novobiocin were effective to approximately 50%. A high percentage of resistance was found to Meticillin, Carbenicillin and Lincomycin. All strains were resistant to Penicillin and Fucidin. No variation in sensitivity pattern between environmental strains isolated from different areas was detected. Great correlation was found among environmental and human pathogenic strains, which could be helpful as guidance in ther

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1980.tb02647.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two commercial blood culture media – supplemented peptone broth and supplemented tryptone soya broth – were compared by anin vitromethod. The two media were inoculated with microorganisms suspended in fresh human blood in an attempt to mimic the clinical situation. The two media differed completely in their ability to support the growth ofNeisseria meningitidisandNeisseria gonorrhoeae.Macroscopic evaluation of the blood culture medium during the incubation period was difficult when using supplemented tryptone soya broth in contrast to supplemented peptone broth. The former medium remained turbid whether microorganisms were growing or not. No other important differences between the two media were detected. Our findings indicate a need for bothin vitroandin vivostudies to evaluate blood culture media and also a need for quality control of microbiological diagnostic devices before they are released for clinical

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1980.tb02648.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The ability to transfer resistance traits was investigated in 49E. colistrains isolated from clinical specimens. The strains were divided into three groups according to sensitivity to penicillin derivatives. Group 1 contained 8 ampicillin‐carbenicillin sensitive (A‐s/Ca‐s) strains, group 2 contained 16 ampicillin resistent‐carbenicillin sensitive (A‐r/Ca‐s) strains and group 3 contained 25 ampicillin‐carbenicillin resistant strains. In group 3, 17 strains could transfer A‐resistance (range of transfer frequency was 100.0to 10‐7.5). The 16 strains in group 2 did not transfer A‐resistance more often than mutants arose from the recipient (10‐8.8). The mutants of the recipient selected on A‐plates were A‐r/Ca‐s/cephalothin‐resistant, exactly as the strains in group 2. The A‐resistance in group 3 was probably based on plasmids, and that of group 2 was based on mobilizable plasmids and/or chromosomal resistance. The frequencies of transfer of sulphonamide‐, tetracycline‐ and streptomycin resistance of the strains in groups 1 and 2 that did transfer, were in the same range as the

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1980.tb02649.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Virus was isolated from infected mink organs by a combination of tissue homogenization, fluorocarbon extraction and ultracentrifugation. The final preparation was analysed by crossed immunoelectrophoresis and electronmicroscopy. Virions had a capsid diameter of 22 nm. Preparative agarose electrophoresis separated virions from contaminating ferritin. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis of virus gave a single precipitate with sera from infected mink. Crossed immunoelectrophoretic analysis with intermediate gels showed that a part of the virus preparation was complexed with antibody. Serum from a certain mink was found to contain precipitating antibody to (poly)nucleotid. Virus and virus‐antibody complexes were found to focus at pH 4.0–4.4 in isoelectric focusing. In SDS‐polyacrylamide gel‐electrophoresis the main virus protein was found to have a molecular weight of 69000. This study gives further support to the classification of aleutian disease virus as a par

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1980.tb02650.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Crude outer membrane (OM) was prepared by extraction of bacteria of theNeisseria gonorrhoeaestrains 8551, V, and VII, with an EDTA‐containing buffer. The preparations contained the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and at least 10 proteins as shown by SDS‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Immunization of rabbits with untreated OM resulted in production of antibodies against several antigens, including LPS. Antisera raised against periodate‐treated OM did not contain antibodies against LPS. These latter antisera agglutinated heat‐treated (100°C, 60 min) gonoccal cells by means of antibodies to one or more common agglutinogens and against a strain‐specific agglutinogen that was susceptible to digestion with proteolytic enzymes. Both slide agglutination and a plate agglutination test could be used to detect antibodies against these agg

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1980.tb02651.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Antibodies to the strain‐specific (SS) and cross‐reactive (CR) antigenic determinants of the haemagglutinin (HA) of influenza H3N2 viruses were prepared, and their antiviral properties in experimentally infected mice and in eggs were investigated. The SS antibodies were considerably more efficient than the CR antibodies in direct virus neutralization tests. The difference in the activities of the two types of antibody preparations was less pronounced in virus growth inhibition studies in the allantois‐on‐shell system and in passive protection studies in mice given antibody before challenge with virus. Nevertheless, even in these tests SS antibody was approximately four‐fold more effective than was CR antibody in protection against fatal infection. Passive administration of CR or SS antibody preparations to mice challenged with sublethal virus doses, reduced the peak pulmonary titres of virus on day three post‐infection compared with the control animals. The degree of reduction in titre exerted by the SS antibodies was greater than for the CR antibodies. In contrast, the rate of clearance of pulmonary virus 9–12 days after infection in the mice treated with SS antibody was slower than for the CR treated animals. Also, in SS antibody treated animals viruses isolated from mouse lungs showed evidence of minor antigenic variation away from the

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1980.tb02652.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Antigenic variants of influenza A/Hong Kong/1/68 (H3N2) were obtainedin vitroby letting virus multiply in the allantois‐on‐shell system in the presence of anti‐haemagglutinin antibodies, prepared from immune goat serum to purified haemagglutinin antigen, andin vivoby giving mice antibody intraperitoneally one day before challenge with a sublethal dose of live virus. In both systems it was shown that the most narrowly reacting strain‐specific antibodies selected antigenic variants at an apparently higher rate than a more cross‐reactive preparation of a

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1980.tb02653.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

During investigations into the role of intestinal mucus for the attachment ofEnterobacteriaceaeto the intestinal surface it was surprisingly found that DNA was a significant component of the mucus from the rabbit small intestine.

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1980.tb02654.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A total of 500 paired sera were tested for rubella antibodies by the rubella IgG ELISA and the haemagglutination‐inhibition (HI) test. Significant differences between the antibody level in the first and second samples of 417 serum pairs were not detected by either of the tests, whereas significant increases in 71 pairs were detected by both methods. A significant increase of the level in 12 serum pairs was demonstrated by the ELISA, but not by the HI test. The rubella IgG ELISA is more sensitive than the HI test for diagnosis of recent rubell

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1980.tb02655.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An antigenic mutant of the wild influenza strain A/Texas/1/77 (H3N2) was obtainedin vitroby growing virus in the allantois‐on‐shell system in the presence of a mouse monoclonal antibody preparation to the Texas haemagglutinin (HA) antigen. A total of 204 human sera, from a population of randomly collected sera during the fall of 1979, were examined by the haemagglutination‐inhibition (HI) tests against the Texas wild strain and the antigenic mutant. It was shown that sera from young children (0–5 years) reacted poorly, or not at all, with this mutant strain, whereas sera from adults (15 years +) reacted equally well with both viruses. It can be assumed that the antigenic site recognised by this particular monoclonal antibody preparation (185/1) may be important for the human immune response to the HA antigen of A/Texas/1/7

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1980.tb02656.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY