摘要:

Purified vaccinia virus haemagglutinin (VHA) was found to be sensitive to trypsin both with regard to haemagglutinating capacity and antigenic property. Phospholipase C and lipase had no effect on the haemagglutination (HA). Both the HA and the antigenic property thus depend on the integrity of the protein part. The loss of HA after treatment with trypsin may be due to breakdown of an essential protein or to secondary rearrangement of the whole structure, including the lipid part. Cells infected with an HA negative mutant of vaccinia virus also lacked the antigenic part of VHA. The sedimentation constant of VHA from HeLa cells was about 50.

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb01921.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The indirect fluorescent antibody technique for specific IgM and IgG antibodies was applied to paired sera from 33 patients with a currentM. pneumoniaeinfection, along with the complement fixation test. A roughly parallel increase in antibody titres in all the three tests was observed; the ratio of IgM/IgG titres was, however, higher in patients below 20 years of age than in older patients. Rises in antibody titres were regularly observed in spite of the fact that most of the patients were treated with tetracycline or erythromycin during the acute phase of the disease. Serum specimens from 15 other patients lacking clinical data of a recentM. pneumoniaeinfection, but with stationary complement fixation titres, all showed IgG antibodies with stationary titres and, with the exception of three patients, a negative IgM fluorescent antibody test. Sera from 20 individuals lacking complement fixing antibodies were also without demonstrable IgG and IgM antibodies. Sampling of serum from 9 of the pneumonia patients was repeated. The last IgM positive sample was collected up to six months after onset of the disease and all were found to be negative in the IgM test 8 to 10 months after onset of the illness in these treated patients. The implications of these findings for the serological diagnosis ofM. pneumoniaeinfections are discussed.

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb01922.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Sixty‐four strains ofNeisseria, Moraxella, andAcinetobacterwere screened for cellular monosaccharides by gas‐liquid chromatography and other chromatographic techniques. The four sugars ribose, glucose, glucosamine, and 2‐keto‐3‐deoxyoctonate (KDO) were detected in all strains. Heptose was detected only in “true neisseriae” (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis, N. sicca, N. cinerea, N. flavescens, andN. elongata) and in the tentatively named speciesMoraxella urethralis.Some marked interspecies dissimilarities within groups were revealed. Thus,N. ovisandM. atlantaewere characterized by the presence of mannose. Intraspecies differences were also encountered.N. meningitidisstrains of serogroups B and C were distinguished from strains of serogroup A by their sialic acid content. This sugar was also detected in two out of three examined strains ofM. nonliquefaciens.InAcinetobacter, heterogeneity of monosaccharide patterns was rather pronounced. The results show the applicability of gas chromatographic “monosaccharide” profiles of whole cells or extracted carbohydrate in bacterial classification and identification, including differentiation at the subspecies level. In addition, such profiles may be useful for monitoring during purification of cellula

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb01923.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Toxoplasma gondiiundergoing endo‐enteric development in the small intestine of the cat affects the ultrastructure of the epithelial cells. The epithelial cells from infected cats have swollen rough endoplasmic reticulum and the mitochondria may be swollen with degenerate cristae. A statistically significant shortening of the microvilli of the epithelial cells was demonstrated. It appeared that the effect on the microvilli length was related to the parasite distribution within the small intestine. These changes occur in both cells with and without parasites present at the level of the sections studied. The abnormalities are quickly rectified after the disappearance of the endo‐enteric forms ofToxopla

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb01924.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Fixation with glutaraldehyde at a concentration above 0.05 per cent for 1 h at neutrality rendered erythrocytes resistant towards surfactants as Triton X‐100, Tween‐80 and sodium dodecyl sulphate. Fixation of erythrocytes with low concentrations of glutaraldehyde abolished the lytic effect of membrane active proteins as complement, phospholipase C and staphylococcal α‐toxin. The fixation procedure did not alter significantly the receptor groups on erythocytes for viruses of the ortho‐ and para‐myxo group and rubella virus. The fixation reduced the agglutinability of human O‐erythrocytes

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb01925.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Among 148 strains ofHaemophilus influenzaeisolated in 1975 from different localities in Denmark, none was found to be resistant to ampicillin. A majority of the strains belonged to bio‐types I, II and III and the presence of a partial correlation between biotype and origin was confirme

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb01926.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In cells ofTrichomonas vaginalisin logarithmic phase of growth (log.T. vaginalis) the number of free cytoplasmic ribosomes was higher than that in cells from stationary cultures (stat.T. vaginalis). Polyribosomes closely surrounding the chromatic granules were present in equal amounts in both categories of cells, which indicates that they have specific functions and are not directly involved in the protein synthesis of the growing cell. The volume of the Golgi region and of the food vacules were approximately twice as large in log.T. vaginaliscells as in stat.T. vaginaliscells. The round and slightly ovoid chromatic granules were smaller in log.T. vaginaliscells than in stat.T. vaginaliscells, whereas elongated granules were more numerous in the former than in the latter cell type. The elongated chromatic granules presented a coarser texture than ordinary round granules. The chromatic granules probably replicate by binary fission a process which seem to follow an internal reorganization of the granules. Polysaccharides were demonstrated on the cell surface and on the membranes of the Golgi and endocytotic vesicles if sectioned cells were stained with phosphotungstic acid after inert dehydration and embedding in a water‐missible methacrylate. Ruthenium red and colloidal iron only showed affinity for the filamentous cell coa

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb01927.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Measurements of urease activity of various cell fractions ofU. urealyticumshowed that this activity was confined to the soluble fraction of the cytoplasm. It was attempted to devise a method for electron microscopic detection of the sites of urease activity based on precipitation of electron dense MnO2at the alkaline pH created by hydrolysis of urea. The results obtained by this method supported the previous results indicating a cytoplasmatic localization of the urease activity in the cells. Helical ribosome patterns were observed when glutaraldehyde fixed cells were treated with the cytochemical test solutions.

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb01928.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In two separate studies, faecal samples were collected from children with acute gastroenteritis; the samples were tested both by electron microscopy and immunoelectroosmophoresis with a view to detect reo‐like virus. In 94 per cent and 100 per cent of samples positive by electron microscopy in the first and second material, respectively, a precipitin line was found after electrophoresis, using a guinea pig antiserum against a purified bovine virus. No false positives were detected by this metho

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb01929.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

O antigen extracted from whole cells ofBacteroides fragilisss.fragilisNCTC 9343 with 45 per cent aqueous phenol has been purified by gel filtration and chromatography. First, the water phase was treated with RNase and DNase and passed through a column of agarose. The chromatographic procedures included ion exchange on a column of DEAE‐cellulose and adsorption to hydroxylapatite. The O antigen was eluted from the DEAE‐cellulose with a gradient of NaCl, and from the column of hydroxylapatite with 1 M phosphate buffer, pH 6.8. Inhibition of indirect haemagglutination was used to detect the O antigen in the elua

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb01930.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY