摘要:

Light and electron microscopic examination of portio biopsies from eleven patients with trichomoniasis vaginalis revealed in four patients clusters of cells ofT. vaginalis (T. vag.)which were attached to the vaginal mucosa. The minimum gap between adjacent trichomonad cells was the size of gap junctions (2 nm). Cells ofT. vag.invaded superficially located epithelial cells but did not penetrate to the deeper cell layers of the epithelium. The latter, however, were frequently infiltrated with neutrophilic granulocytes. Contact between cells ofT. vag.and neutrophils was not observed. Trichomonads which were attached to epithelial cells contained a dense network of cytoplasmic microfilaments in the part of the cell which came into contact with the epithelium. The remaining part contained the organelles nomally seen inT. vag.. Endocytotic cell activity of amoeboidT. vag.occurred from the free cell surface only. A cell coat on the cell membrane—formed by bristles—was confined mainly to pinocytotic invaginations. Glycogen granules which were absent from the larger part of the epithelium were densely packed in the trichomonad cells. The findings in this study indicate that the interaction between the cells ofT. vag.and the vaginal epithelium takes place primarily at a distance probably by means of substances released into the vaginal fluid, and secondly by a direct cell contact mechan

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb00107.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Serologic cross‐reactions between 26 strains ofPseudomonas aeruginosarepresenting 13 O groups were studied by various quantitative immunoelectrophoretic techniques. As reference system was used a polyvalentPs. aeruginosaantigen and a corresponding rabbit antiserum. Fifty‐one (93 per cent) of the 55Ps. aeruginosaantigens in the reference system were present in all the strains and corresponding antibodies in the reference system could be completely absorbed by all the strains. Complete cross‐reactivity was also found between antigens of the reference system and 3 of the 4 antigens present only in some of the strains. The last of the 4 antigens not present in all the strains could only absorb part of the corresponding antibodies in the reference system. Absorption experiments with whole heat‐killed bacteria indicate that this antigen is related to the O group antigens ofPs. aeruginosa.None of the antigens of the reference system were related to the mucoid substance produced by some strains of this ba

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb00108.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The occurrence of antibodies against antigens prepared from strains representing 13 O groups ofPseudomonas aeruginosaand against a polyvalentPs. aeruginosaantigen (St‐Ag) has been investigated in sera from 100 patients. By means of fused rocket immunoelectrophoresis with intermediate gel it was found that the humoral immune response againstPs. aeruginosaresulting in precipitating antibodies will be detected by St‐Ag as well as by any other of the antigen samples investigated. Six of the sera contained group‐specific antibodies which were revealed by only one of the antigen samples used and not by St‐Ag. These six sera were further studied by means of various quantitative immunoelectrophoretic methods using St‐Ag as well as antigens prepared from the infectingPs. aeruginosastrain in the patient concerned. In all six sera, only one extra precipitin could be detected using antigens prepared from the homologous strain instead of St‐Ag. This extra precipitin corresponded presumably to group‐specific O‐antigens not included in St‐Ag. In sera from patients, these group‐specific antibodies were always accompanied by antibodies against antigens common to all strai

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb00109.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of the present investigation was to study the occurrence ofYersinia enterocolitica(Y.e.) among small rodents and shrews (Soricidae) from Norway, Sweden and Finand. During a period of one year beginning in the autumn of 1973, animals from seven localities were examined. Twenty‐four strains of Y.e. were isolated from 551 small rodents. Isolations were made from six of the seven localities and from six of the nine small rodent species examined. Pooled faeces samples from 397 animals yielded 12 strains. Faeces from 154 small rodents were separately investigated: Twelve (8 per cent) of these animals harboured Y.e. No isolations were made from 52 shrews. Most of the strains showed antigenic relationship to O‐serotypes previously reported from untreated drinking water in Norway. Two strains were antigenically related to O‐serotype 3 but differed biochemically from the strains found in man and swine. The results indicate that Y.e. has a widespread distribution among small rodents in Norway, Sweden and Fi

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb00110.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Guinea pig antisera against Herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2 were compared in neutralization tests and crossed immunoelectrophoresis. It was found that the HSV type specific neutralization of guinea pig antisera could be associated with the precipitating activity to HSV type 1 and 2 glycoproteins.

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb00111.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two tumors induced by BK virus in hamsters of an inbred strain were serially transplanted by subcutaneous injection of tumor explants. Both the original tumors as well as the transplants grew as solid, localized, encapsulated tumors. Histologically tumors were classified as fusocellular fibrosarcomas. Polymorphic tumor tissue was characterized by an abundance of collagen fibers and multinucleated giant cells. Cell lines established from tumors contained nuclear T antigen which stained with sera from a number of tumor‐carrying hamsters, but also with SV40 T antiserum. Virion antigens were not detected in these cell lines, and no virus was isolated when tumor extracts were inoculated in Vero cell

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb00112.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The catabolism of glucose in selectedNeisseriaspecies was studied by radiorespirometry. The Entner‐Doudoroff and pentose phosphate pathways were operating in all species, the greater part of the substrate being routed through the former, somewhat dependent on the medium used. Acetate was oxidized via the tricarboxylic acid cycle. In all species, a fraction of the triose was recycled through fructose phosphates to glucose 6‐phosphate. Phosphate inhibited the oxidation of acetate. In media devoid of phosphate and sodium (N. meningitidisandN. gonorrhoeae) or of phosphate and potassium (other saccharolyticNeisseria), the conversion of triose to pyruvate was inhibited. In these media the catabolism of glucose proceeded slowly, and no substrate was used for biosynthetic purposes. The results point to a difference in the regulation of glucose metabolism in pathogenic and non‐pathogenicNeis

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb00113.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A passive haemolysis test for the determination of antibodies against rubella virus haemagglutinin is presented. According to this method, the principle of radial immunodiffusion technique is applied. Rubella haemagglutinin‐coated chick erythrocytes in the agarose gel were lysed by the diffusing positive sera in the presence of complement at 37° C. The passive haemolysis test was compared with the conventional haemagglutination inhibition method, and the diameter of the haemolysis zones was shown to be a direct measure of the quantity of antibody added to the well. A plot of the log (HI titre) against the zone diameter gives a straight line. There is no need to remove nonspecific haemagglutination inhibitors. However, all serum samples must be inactivated at 56° C for 30 minutes before testing. Tests of 200 serum samples from healthy women showed a good correlation between the haemagglutination inhibition titre and the antibody titre determined by the passive haemolysis technique. Twenty‐one samples with a haemagglutination inhibition titre less than 10 were also negative in the passive haemolysis test. With the exception of one, all sera with a positive haemagglutination inhibition titre showed a positive haemolysis reaction. The method was found to be as specific and as sensitive as the haemagglutination inhibition test. In addition, the technique is rapid and simple for quantitative studies of antibodies against rubella

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb00114.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two hundred and seven urinary strains of staphylococci and micrococci were classified biochemically according toBaird‐Parker(1963) and by means of a simplified schema. One hundred and thirteen strains belonged toStaphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidisorS. saprophyticus(64 strains) according to the simplified schema, respectively to Baird‐Parker's subgroups SI, SII or M3.S. saprophyticuswas isolated from young, female out‐patients, was relatively resistant to novobiocin and contained poly AβC (β‐N‐acetylglucosaminyl ribitol teichoic acid and β‐N‐acetylglucosaminyl glycerol teichoic acid).S. aureusandS. epidermidiswere isolated from older, male in‐patients, were sensitive to novobiocin and contained poly A (N‐acetylglucosaminyl ribitol teichoic acid), respectively poly B (glucosyl glycerol teichoic acid). Ninety‐four strains belonging to otherStaphylococcusorMicrococcussubgroups could not be classified by the simplified schema. With few exceptions, these strains were sensitive to novobiocin and either gave a precipitin reaction corresponding to poly C or were non‐typable with the teichoic acid reference systems used. The simplified schema is recommended for the classification of coagulase‐negativ

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb00115.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Production of the common enterobacterial antigen (CA) by strains ofYersinia enterocolitica(Y. e.) serotypes 3 and 9 (Winblad), by strains of 5 different Y. e. serogroups (Wauters) and various other bacteria was examined. Antibody against CA was raised by immunization of rabbits withE. coliO 14. Extract prepared fromS. typhimuriumwas used for the sensitization of sheep erythrocytes with CA. Absorption and haemagglutination inhibition experiments showed that CA could be detected in heat extracts from all Y.e. strains examined, and in that fromYersinia pseudotuberculosis. CA was not detected in extracts fromPasteurella multocida, Francisella tularensis, Brucella abortus, Acinetobacter calcoaceticusorPseudomonas aeruginosa. Anti‐CA antibodies could not be demonstrated in serum from rabbits immunized with Y.e. bacteria, but were demonstrated in serum from rabbits immunized with a CA‐containing fraction of the Y.e. extract. The possibility of participation of anti‐CA antibody in indirect haemagglutination tests for detection of antibody to Y.e. O antigens is empha

ISSN:0304-131X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb00116.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY