ISSN:1055-615X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1099-1174.1992.tb00009.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:2014

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCommercial project management systems focus on preproject planning and after‐the‐fact documentation, but not on the dynamic problem solving required in day‐to‐day project management. Yet the need for risk‐oriented management is clear. To understand and control project risks, managers must be able to identify problems as they occur, immediately assess their downstream impacts, and plan a course of action. The Advanced Risk Management System (ARMS) is a prototype system built to address the issues of identifying, analyzing, prioritizing, monitoring, and controlling project risk. ARMS uses expert systems, data base management, and hypermedia technologies to capture and classify project schedule problems, to determine their semantic impacts to future activities, and to alert appropriate project personnel in advance of problem occurrence.

ISSN:1055-615X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1099-1174.1992.tb00010.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:2014

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOne component of the 1986 Tax Law was to require taxpayers to file information returns on magnetic media if the quantity to be filed was sufficiently large. A waiver from this filing requirement was possible under hardship and other criteria, and could be obtained by filing a form with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). Initially, the processing of waiver requests was accomplished manually by several relatively high‐level analytical personnel. The IRS's Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (AI Lab) created an Expert System to automate the process. An initial prototype was developed in OPS5+, an AI language, and the system was used on all waiver requests for Forms 1099 for Tax Year 1987, demonstrating feasibility and capability. The system was expanded in the following year, and used on waiver requests for all form types. For Tax Year 1989 the system was rewritten in LEVEL5, so that it could be more easily maintained by in‐house personnel. However, implementation problems forced a rapid rewrite, using CLIPPER, a dBase III+ compiler language. This version was subsequently used for all waiver requests for Tax Years 1989 and 1990. Presently, one clerical person can handle all of the waivers. This paper deals with the reasons and ramifications of this language‐shell‐language transition.

ISSN:1055-615X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1099-1174.1992.tb00011.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:2014

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractProblem solving in the tax domain requires two kinds of knowledge: of the law itself and of how the law has been applied in the past. The need for the second factor arises as a result of the ambiguity of natural language. The problem solver requires information on how the courts have adjudicated specific cases in the past. This information would then provide the basis for reasoning about the current case. In this paper we address the issue of developing a system which will retrieve relevant historical cases. The cases are stored using a frame representation scheme and the users can retrieve cases by specifying either attributes alone or attributes and values associated with them. Currently the system has been implemented in Pascal on a Cray. The case base contains 250 cases relating to Section 183 of the tax code.

ISSN:1055-615X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1099-1174.1992.tb00012.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:2014

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper reports the results of a study to determine the most cost‐effective expert system application for the compensation practice of a large employee benefits consulting firm. The purpose of the expert system would be to help assure quality and consistency in practice and to assist in the training of less experienced experts. The study utilized a questionnaire to solicit input from experts in several locations. The questionnaire included a comprehensive listing of firm compensation tasks. Evaluation characteristics selected for the study emphasized business‐related characteristics. Because of adverse economic circumstances in the consulting firm, the decision concerning an initial expert systems application was deferred.

ISSN:1055-615X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1099-1174.1992.tb00013.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:2014

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes the development of an integrated intelligent (expert) system and conventional information system to support decision making of a diagnostic decision in a multi‐agent environment. It argues that manya priorirequirements for the information system can be elicited by accounting for the specific nature of the diagnostic decision and for the single/multiple‐actor environment. This finding is generalized to a framework that indicates thata priorirequirements take into account the basic theories on which the information system supporting the decision task is ultimately based. In particular, attention is focused on the nature of the task (e.g. diagnostic), whether the application is for a single‐ or multiple‐agent situation and the nature of the multi‐agent structure (e.g. product or functional form of organization).

ISSN:1055-615X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1099-1174.1992.tb00014.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:2014

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1055-615X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1099-1174.1992.tb00015.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:2014

数据来源: WILEY