ISSN:0730-7659    

DOI:10.1111/j.1523-536X.1992.tb00398.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:We investigated the prognostic value of sucking technique (faulty vs correct) during the first week after birth in relation to the long‐term success of breastfeeding. At discharge from the maternity ward, 82 healthy mother‐infant pairs were observed for assessment of breastfeeding technique and followed for four months by regular telephone checkups. Correct sucking technique was defined as the infant having a wide‐open mouth, with the tongue under the areola, and expressing milk from the breast by slow, deep sucks; faulty technique was defined as superficial nipple sucking. The study population was divided into three groups: one in which faulty sucking technique was corrected when observed (n = 29), one with faulty but uncorrected technique (n = 25), and a control group with a correct technique (n = 28). At the four‐month follow‐up assessment, the faulty but uncorrected group was characterized by a greater proportion of mothers with breastfeeding problems and early cessation of breastfeeding than the other two groups. Regular use of a pacifier (>2 hrs/day) was more common among those with breastfeeding

ISSN:0730-7659    

DOI:10.1111/j.1523-536X.1992.tb00399.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0730-7659    

DOI:10.1111/j.1523-536X.1992.tb00400.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis study describes the short‐term morbidity associated with cesarean delivery and women's knowledge of the reasons it was performed. It was conducted in a university teaching hospital that delivers approximately 4000 women per year. During 1986, 619 women (16%) were delivered by cesarean, 588 of whom were sent a questionnaire three months after delivery. The response rate was 76 percent. General questions were asked about the women's recovery and health state after the birth, and whether they had experienced more specific types of morbidity, including infection, backache, and depression, and the reasons for the cesarean delivery. Women's answers were then compared with the obstetric case record. In their comprehension of why the cesarean was necessary, 87 percent of women were right or partially right, 35 percent believed they had still not fully recovered, and 28 percent felt less healthy than before the pregnancy. Women experienced a wide variety of postnatal morbidity, most commonly backache (55%), constipation (49%), and depression (38%). The study showed that considerable maternal morbidity is associated with cesarean delivery, and it can persist long after the woman is discharged from hospital. Much more information is necessary about the health of women after delivery, and research is urgently required to determine the comparative rates of morbidity associated with different delivery method

ISSN:0730-7659    

DOI:10.1111/j.1523-536X.1992.tb00401.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis study of 198 urban breastfeeding women examined the psychosocial, demographic, and medical factors identified prenatally that may be associated with longer breastfeeding duration and may serve as suitable areas for prenatal breastfeeding promotion interventions. Of 11 psychosocial and demographic factors examined, 5 were important influences on breastfeeding duration: anticipated length of breastfeeding, normative beliefs, maternal confidence, social learning, and behavioral beliefs about breastfeeding. Methods of multivariate linear regression were used to identify prenatal factors that influenced anticipated length. Of the 10 factors entered into the regression model, parity, plans to return to work or school by six months postpartum, and maternal confidence were the most significant factors affecting anticipated length of breastfeeding. Our data suggest several factors amenable to intervention during the prenatal period that appear to influence breastfeeding duration. Prenatal promotion efforts could easily incorporate strategies that influence factors such as normative and behavioral beliefs and maternal confidence.

ISSN:0730-7659    

DOI:10.1111/j.1523-536X.1992.tb00402.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA prospective study of 103 women undergraduate students explored expectations and knowledge about pregnancy, childbirth, and newborn care. Participants completed a 35‐item questionnaire based on a planned pregnancy. Most women (68%) thought they were extremely likely to become pregnant in their lives and planned to have an average of 2.6 children. Positive emotions about pregnancy were most frequently excited, happy, and proud, and negative emotions were most frequently nervous, scared, and anxious. Women expected that pregnancy and parenting would interfere most with work or education plans. Choices of birthplace were hospital delivery room (54.4%), in‐hospital birthing room (35%), out‐ofhospital birth center (3.9%), and home (2.9%). One‐half of the women planned to breastfeed, 35 percent had not decided, and 10.7 percent would not breastfeed. Positive feelings about pregnancy were correlated with positive feelings about labor and birth (r = 0.48, P<0.001). Negative feelings about pregnancy were correlated with a low self‐assessment of ability to care for an infant (r = 0.27, P<0.01). Some college women's expectations are similar to those held by pregnant women, and suggest the need for further education of young women in areas such as prenatal health care and brea

ISSN:0730-7659    

DOI:10.1111/j.1523-536X.1992.tb00403.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSelf‐reported sleep disturbances and levels of vitality and fatigue were studied in a secondary analysis of 25 pregnant and 29 postpartum employed women. Results indicate that pregnant women have problems initiating and maintaining sleep, and postpartum women have problems maintaining sleep, but not falling asleep. The primary reason for midsleep awakenings was urinary frequency among the pregnant women, and child care responsibilities among the postpartum women. Chronic sleep disturbance was indicated by a greater percentage of postpartum women who fell asleep easily, very few who felt highly energetic at work, and most who perceived a high level of fatigue during the past week. Even with these sleep disruptions, no differences occurred in the mean scores for perception of fatigue und vitality between the two groups. Clinicians can use these findings to educate women about some changes they may anticipate and how they might manage them during pregnancy and postpart

ISSN:0730-7659    

DOI:10.1111/j.1523-536X.1992.tb00404.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Anna Rose is a survivor of childhood emotional, physical, and sexual abuse. Much of the abuse was “submerged” until her mid‐thirties, when she was pregnant with her second child, and finally began to remember and deal with the realities of what had happened to her. During her second pregnancy, Anna wrote, “it has taken me more than three years to even begin to deal with the rage I feel about my first birth experience, even though I have been in therapy most of that time. Now that I am pregnant again, the unresolved issues are coming to the surface, and intense fears that this birth will be a repeat of the first.”Anna's first child, Elliot, was born in 1987 in a hospital birthing room in the northeastern United States. Her husband Paul, a younger sister, and a close friend were present, and she was attended by an obstetrician named Bernie. She describes that birth as “19 hours of hard labor, absolutely exhausting and unmanageable, which required drugs at some point to let me sleep for a few hours.” Labor was induced by Pitocin due to premature rupture of membranes and lack of effective contractions after 12 hours. Continuous electronic fetal monitoring was used throughout labor. Anna breastfed Elliot for three years, and found La Leche League “extremely helpful and supportive” during that time.Tom, Anna's second child, was born at home in 1991. Two midwives attended the birth after she changed caregivers during the pregnancy because she “did not feel safe enough” with the obstetrician and nurse‐midwife team she had chosen for this birth. She maintained the team as backup, although they did not know of her plans for a home birth. Her second labor lasted under 6 hours, was noninterventive, and “incredibly intense and painful, partly due to the abuse memories that were coming up and getting in the way and partly due to the baby's position.”We thank Anna Rose for sharing her story with Birth. Her reason for doing so is, in her words, because, “I feel strongly that it is important to share this information in an effort to educate health care professionals so th

ISSN:0730-7659    

DOI:10.1111/j.1523-536X.1992.tb00405.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0730-7659    

DOI:10.1111/j.1523-536X.1992.tb00406.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0730-7659    

DOI:10.1111/j.1523-536X.1992.tb00407.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY