摘要:

Thirty-six children and adolescents with early stages of idiopathic scoliosis underwent evaluation by echocardiography and pulmonary function testing. Mildly increased pulmonary vascular resistance was inferred from an elevated ratio of right preejection period to right ventricular ejection time, an increased right ventricular dimension, and a decreased left ventricular dimension. Since neither decreased arterial oxygen saturation nor increased end-tidal expired carbon dioxide partial pressure was seen, desaturation and hypoventilation should not account for these abnormalities. Pulmonary function parameters showed no distinct patterns of abnormality. Even though the patients were divided into two groups by severity of spinal curvature, the cardiopulmonary measures did not correlate with thoracic deformity. Billowing of the mitral leaflets, termed mitral valve prolapse, was demonstrated in 25% of the subjects. Our findings suggest that cardiopulmonary and thoracic changes in idiopathic scoliosis may develop in parallel and may be expressions of a common collagen defect. However, study of sleep and exercise arterial saturation may be required to rule out intermittent hypoxemia as a precipitating factor of cor pulmonale in scoliosis.

ISSN:0271-6798    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

An attempt was made to evaluate the usefulness of xerozonography in spinal kyphosis in children. A direct comparison with conventional film zonography showed that xerozonography yielded considerably better visualisation of all the lesions examined. The procedure, however, resulted in a higher radiation dose. For this reason its clinical use should be restricted to cases in which film radiography fails to demonstrate a lesion adequately.

ISSN:0271-6798    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Three children presented with low back pain radiating to the leg and with spasm of the hamstring and paravertebral muscles. Since the pain could not be ascribed to trauma, it was necessary to exclude the presence of infection or tumors. All the signs—localization of the pain, tenderness on one side of the back, X-ray film findings of unilateral or bilateral spondylolysis, and localized positive bone scan—pointed to spondylolysis as the cause of pain. All three children exhibited symptoms resembling those found in the facet syndrome described by Mooney and Robertson.

ISSN:0271-6798    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The role of mechanical factors in neonatal hip instability was studied in four experimental series of autopsy specimens. The induced hip deformation and dislocation were examined by serial cryosectioning and cryodissection. Loading of the hips at 45° of flexion with moderate forces for 3 h resulted in deformation and dislocation similar to those found at autopsy in congenital dislocation of the hip. There was no macroscopic damage to the joints. Loading at 135° of flexion—to simulate a breech position—also resulted in dislocation, but the cartilage deformation was less pronounced than after loading at 45° of flexion. When the same hip was loaded first at 135° of flexion for 3 h and then at 45° of flexion for another 3 h, the findings were similar to those following loading at 45° of flexion alone. Thus a redeformation of the hip had taken place during the second step of the experiment. After unloading of the deformed and dislocated hips, marked joint laxity was observed, and examination 3 h after unloading showed incomplete recovery of the deformation.

ISSN:0271-6798    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Review of 25 proximal femora and 10 proximal tibiae of adolescent skeletons at the time of plate union reveals a distinct pattern of closure. The proximal femur initiates union superiorly with closure proceeding inferiorly. Closure of the tibia occurs along the anteromedial border and spreads posteriorly. No exceptions to these patterns were encountered. A knowledge of the pattern of plate union is useful when assessing fracture geometry in the injured adolescent and in trying to understand disorders of plate closure.

ISSN:0271-6798    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The cases of monozygotic twins with concordant congenital spine deformity are presented. It is suggested that genetics, environment, or a combination of the two factors (multifactorial) might have been the cause of the anomalies. The insult may have been caused by hypoxia to both embryos.

ISSN:0271-6798    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A case of osteoid osteoma occurring in the distal femoral epiphysis of an 8-year-old girl is presented. The rare occurrence of this lesion is discussed together with the importance of establishing a definitive diagnosis. The surgical approach and role of the image intensifier are presented.

ISSN:0271-6798    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A case is described in which a 30% elongation of the first metatarsal was achieved by gradual distraction with a mini-Hoffman device. The procedure resulted in considerable cosmetic improvement.

ISSN:0271-6798    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A case of ringworm of the arm is described in a 6-year-old child, after swimming with a polyurethane cast. This report illustrates a potential problem when these casts are inadequately dried and worn for prolonged periods in warm climates. Accurate diagnosis depends on demonstration of fungus in the lesion by smear and culture. Topical antifungal therapy led to rapid resolution.

ISSN:0271-6798    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Fractures of the sternum are seldom seen due to its anatomical structure and supporting structures. The incidence of sternal lesions in children is extremely rare, and the scarcity of published accounts warrants reporting this case, which was treated successfully without surgery.

ISSN:0271-6798    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID