摘要:

Methanolic extracts of representative species and cultivars ofPelargonium(Geraniaceae) were assessed for activity against 25 different species of bacteria andAspergillus niger.All samples were active against at least 18 bacterial species and some were active against all 25 species, although there was very poor antifungal action. Antioxidant action was very pronounced, and this together with the strong antibacterial activity indicates that there is a potential usage in the food or other industry forPelargoniumextracts.

ISSN:0266-8254    

DOI:10.1111/j.1472-765X.1996.tb00066.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A. Gehin, C. Cailliez, E. Petitdemange And L. Benoit. 1996. The degradation of cellulose byClostridium celulolyticumhas been studied in several ways; (1) in batch fermentation in 50‐ml sealed‐cap flasks, referred to as the control; (2) in batch fermentation with pH at 7.2; (3) fermentation in dialysis which permits elimination of all the products of metabolism; (4) fermentation in dialysis with a constant bubbling of nitrogen; (5) in co‐culture withClostridiumA22 in batch with and without pH regulation and with dialysis. H2, CO2, acetate, ethanol and lactate were the major end‐products of cellobiose and cellulose fermentation. Compared to batch culture, growth ofCI. cellulolyticumon cellobiose increased by a factor of 10 in dialysed culture. The end products from the dialysed culture were detected in a small range compared to the concentration for the batch culture. Related to the biomass, CMCase activities were of the same level, showing a direct relation between the biomass formation and the cellulase production. The percentage of cellulose degradation (50%) byCI. cellulolyticumwas greater when dialysis of end products with a constant bubbling of nitrogen took place during the course of fermentation (6 d) in comparison with cultures in 50‐ml sealedcap flasks (23%), in a fermentor (36%) or using dialysis without N2bubbling (40%). The presence of two micro‐organisms produced no further enzyme activities and hence the percentage of cellulose degradation was quite similar in mono‐ and co‐culture. No synergistic action was found between two cellu

ISSN:0266-8254    

DOI:10.1111/j.1472-765X.1996.tb00067.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

F. Lund, O. Filtenborg, S. Westall And J.C. Frisvad. 1996.Penicillium roqueforti(27%),P. corylophilum(20%) andEurotium(15%) made up the important mycoflora associated with rye bread on 3425 identified fungi isolates. These fungi were dominant as spoilers of packaged rye bread in almost every month of a 4 year investigation.Penicillium decumbens(3%),Paecilomyces variotii(8%) andAspergillus flavus(5%) were found more rarely, but were the major species found over periods of a few months.Penicillium commune(5%),P. Solitum(4%),A. niger(4%) andMucorspecies (2%) were a constant, but small, part of the mycoflora of rye bread. Identification of the fungi in the production environmentl in a rye bread factory showed the locality of potential contamination sources. Eliminationl of the contmination sources lby improved cleaning and disinfection procedures quickly resulted in a significant reduction in the frequency of mould growth in the packaged rye bread.

ISSN:0266-8254    

DOI:10.1111/j.1472-765X.1996.tb00068.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

R.J. FORSTER, R.M. TEATHER, J. GONG AND s.‐J. DENG. 1996. Complete 16S rDNA sequences of six strains ofButyrivibrio fibrisolvens, including the type strain (ATCC 19171), were determined. The type strain was found to have less than 89% sequence similarity to the other isolates that were examined. The five plasmid‐bearing strains formed a closely related cluster and three of these strains (OB156, OB157 and OB192) were very highly related (>99%), indicating that they are isolates of the same genomic species. The phylogenetic position ofButyrivibriowas found to be within the subphylum Clostridzum, of Gram‐positive bacteria. The closest relatives to the type strain wereEubacterium cellulosolvensandCl. xylanolyticumand the closest relatives to the separately clustered strains wereRoseburia cecicola, Lachnospira pectinoschiza and Eubacterium re

ISSN:0266-8254    

DOI:10.1111/j.1472-765X.1996.tb00069.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

J. FÁBREGAS, E. MORALES, N. POLANCO, M. PATINO AND A. OTERO. 1996. Soluble fractions ofSolanum tuberosumextracted with different methods were tested on semicontinuous mixotrophic cultures of the marine microalgaPhaeodactylum tricornutummaintained with renewal rate at 15%. The highest stabilization cell density, 78.2 x 106cells ml−1, was obtained with an autoclaved non‐fermented soluble fraction obtained with distilled water. Highest productivities and carotenoids, 0.9 mg 1−1d−1, and chlorophyll, 2.9 mg 1−1, d−1, were obtained with a non‐autoclaved nonfermented fraction extracted in sea water. The bacterial population associated to the microalgal cultures changed depending on the nutrient availability of each of the potato‐s

ISSN:0266-8254    

DOI:10.1111/j.1472-765X.1996.tb00070.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

J. TORNAI‐LEHOCZKI AND D. DLAUCHY. 1996. Intact chromosomal DNA of the type strains ofSaccharomycessensu stricto species and some of their synonyms and 38 Hungarian wine and 14 brewing yeast strains were separated by rotating field gel electrophoresis (RFE). The applied electrophoretic sdnditions enabled us to distinguish strains of S.bayanus, S. pastorianusandS. cerevisiaefrom each other, for strains of the three species showed clear differences in their electrophoretic patterns at heavy chromosomes (>1300 kb

ISSN:0266-8254    

DOI:10.1111/j.1472-765X.1996.tb00071.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

J. HOLMALAHTI, S. JUNTTILA AND A. VON WRIGHT. 1996. The culture medium ofStreptomyces xanthochromogenesJH903 was found to show selective activity against DNArepair‐deficientEscherichia coliCM871 strain. In this report we describe a simple method to locate and isolate DNA binding compounds from the fermentation broth. The method is based on the retention of DNA‐reacting compounds in cellulose complexed with DNA, and purification of these compounds with thin‐layer chromatography. Screening of microbial metabolites from chloroform extracts of fermentation media resulted in detection of five genotoxic frac

ISSN:0266-8254    

DOI:10.1111/j.1472-765X.1996.tb00072.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

G.W. PETTIBONE, J.P. MEAR AND B.M. SAMPSELL. 1996. Seventy‐four strains ofAeromonaswere isolated from skin, intestine, kidney and liver of 16 brown bullhead (Ictalurus nebulosus). All strains demonstrated multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) with most strains resistant to rifampin (97%), novobiocin (96%) and vancomycin (85%). The minimum inhibitory concentration of eight metals to selected strains of Aeromonas revealed an apparent toxicity of chromium>copper>cadmium>nickel>mercury>zinc>cobalt>lead, based on the percentage of isolates sensitive to each concentration of metal. Plasmid DNA was found in 36% (27) of the isolates and most plasmid‐containing strains had multiple plasmids less than 12 kilobase pairs (kbp) in size. No relationship between plasmid content and antibiotic or metal resistance was found. Plasmid incidence in bacteria isolated from five fish indicated that plasmids were more likely to occur in strains isolated from kidney and liver than in strains isolated from skin and intest

ISSN:0266-8254    

DOI:10.1111/j.1472-765X.1996.tb00073.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

K.M. HARMON AND I.V. WESLEY. 1996. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed for the identification of the three species ofArcobacterwhich have been recovered from clinically ill or healthy humans and/or livestock, namelyArcobacter butzleri, Arcobacter skirrowiiandArcobacter cryaerophilus. The assay utilizes primers targeted to the genes encoding 16S rRNA ofArcobacterspp. The assay reduces the amount of time required to positively identify strains ofArcobacter.

ISSN:0266-8254    

DOI:10.1111/j.1472-765X.1996.tb00074.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

E.RUSTRIAN, J.P. DELGENES AND R. MOLETTA. 1996. Experiments were performed to examine the effect of volatile fatty acids(VFA) as carbon source, on the phoshate uptake parameters in fourAcinetobacterstrains. Acetic and butyric acids were equally good carbon sources for phosphate removal, while propionic acid was the least efficient substrate. The best ratios of assimilated phosphate vs VFA consumed were 0‐178 wit acetic acid byAc.calcoaceticusNRRL 4270, 0.21 with propionic acid byAc.calcoaceticusNRRL 4270 AND 0.187 with butyric acid byAcinetobactersp.SUCT

ISSN:0266-8254    

DOI:10.1111/j.1472-765X.1996.tb00075.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY