1. |
TAXIMETRIC METHODS FOR DELIMITING BIOLOGICAL SPECIES† |
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TAXON,
Volume 18,
Issue 6,
2019,
Page 609-624
D. J. Rogers,
S. G. Appan,
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摘要:
SummaryThis paper presents suggested sequential steps for biological species delimitation, applying several taximetric computer‐aided methods. The process constitutes two phases: 1) synthesizing all the available intrinsic phenotypic evidence, and extrinsic geographic and ecological evidence, thereby developing a “preliminary delimitation”, and 2) designing cytogenetic and related investigations to discover / confirm intrinsic isolating mechanisms, thereby ratifying, modifying, supplementing or replacing the preliminary delimitation and giving shape to the final species delimitation.Such delimitations developed by methodical assimilation of the pertinent evidence, with the aid of electronic data processing equipment, will inspire much higher confidence levels than delimitations based on traditional methods. Cytogenetic and other evidence of intrinsic isolating mechanisms are not easily applicable in cases such as asexual species; in others, such as fossil species, it is impossible to apply these tests. But in the vast majority of sexually reproducing species cytogenetic evidence is significant in the context of the modern biological species concept. However, we do not have this evidence for most of the plant kingdom, and it will be slow in becoming available because cytogenetic methods are expensive in time, effort and money. Consequently, we develop classifications without the support of this evidence to meet the immediate needs. The methods outlined in this paper aid in developing, in the absence of cytogenetic evidence, delimitations which not only inspire greater confidence levels compared to the ones based on traditional methods, but also provide invaluable working hypotheses for efficiently designing cytogenetic investigations.
ISSN:0040-0262
DOI:10.2307/1218915
出版商:Wiley
年代:2019
数据来源: WILEY
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2. |
BETTER BOTANY BY COMPUTER |
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TAXON,
Volume 18,
Issue 6,
2019,
Page 625-628
G. D. Rowley,
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摘要:
SummaryA comparison is made between phenetic diagrams of the 13 genera of the tribe Aloineae (Liliaceae) based on the “intuition method” and on the use of a computer. The overall pattern is rather similar but the differences (especially that of the status of the genusLomatophyllum) are a means of drawing attention to the weaknesses in the traditional method of assessing affinities. These differences force the systematist to look closer at his materials and methods and stimulate the pursuit of better botany.
ISSN:0040-0262
DOI:10.2307/1218916
出版商:Wiley
年代:2019
数据来源: WILEY
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3. |
UNBERECHTIGTE PUBLIKATION DER TAXA UNTER EINEM FREMDEN NAMEN — II† |
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TAXON,
Volume 18,
Issue 6,
2019,
Page 629-631
Jiří Růžička,
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摘要:
SummaryIt is questionable whether an author of a scientific publication has the right to designate an arbitrary other person as the author of the name of a new taxon if it is clear that this other person is not a publishing author in the sense of Article 46 of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. The citation of “author's” names should be restricted to the true “publishing author”.
ISSN:0040-0262
DOI:10.2307/1218917
出版商:Wiley
年代:2019
数据来源: WILEY
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4. |
SEPTATE HOLOBASIDIA |
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TAXON,
Volume 18,
Issue 6,
2019,
Page 632-634
B. Lowy,
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摘要:
SummaryA further clarification of the author's interpretation of the problem of hetero‐versus homo‐basidiomycetes in view of the counterproposals published by P. H. B. Talbot (Taxon 17: 620–628. 1968). The author's reclassification of the heterobasidiomycetous fungi (Taxon 17: 118–127. 1968) is upheld.
ISSN:0040-0262
DOI:10.2307/1218918
出版商:Wiley
年代:2019
数据来源: WILEY
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5. |
TABEBUIA:THE TORTUOUS HISTORY OF A GENERIC NAME* (BIGNON.)† |
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TAXON,
Volume 18,
Issue 6,
2019,
Page 635-642
A. H. Gentry,
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摘要:
SummaryThe genusTahehuia(Bignoniaceae) is now accepted, much as by Bentham and Hooker, in a very different sense than originally proposed by de Candolle. This paper traces its changing generic delimitations from artificial ones based on number of calyx lobes to biologically more meaningful ones based on vegetational as well as floral characteristics.
ISSN:0040-0262
DOI:10.2307/1218919
出版商:Wiley
年代:2019
数据来源: WILEY
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6. |
SUBGENERIC AND SECTIONAL NAMES: THEIR STARTING POINTS AND EARLY SOURCES |
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TAXON,
Volume 18,
Issue 6,
2019,
Page 643-660
George K. Brizicky,
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摘要:
SummaryBecause of the great difficulties associated with the determination of the correct names of infrageneric taxa of vascular plants, the development of the concepts of subgenus and section (sectio) and the use of these terms are traced from the time of Linnaeus to the mid‐nineteenth century. It is argued that the year 1805, which marked the mass introduction of subgenera (by Persoon) and of sections (by A. P. de Candolle) should be adopted as the starting point for the valid publication of names of taxa of vascular plants between the ranks of genus and species. (See Taxon 17: 659. December, 1968, for the formal proposal for the adoption of 1 January 1805 as starting point).A number of nomenclaturally important taxonomic works and floras of the nineteenth century which have become sources of confusion in regard to subgeneric and sectional names are also considered more or less in chronological sequence. Included are works by Persoon, S. F. Gray, Mertens, W. D. J. Koch, Dumortier, Link, Reichenbach, Torrey, A. Gray, Endlicher, K. Koch, Dippel, and von Post&Kuntze. It is concluded that subgeneric and sectional names must be interpreted in terms of the word actually used to denote the rank of the taxon to which the name is applied and not in terms of the author's concept of infrageneric categories: what the author actuallydidis of greater importance than his guessedintentions. Hence, although Endlicher, for example, possibly intended to recognize several infrageneric ranks, his failure to indicate the rank of his generic subdivisions has to be decisive.
ISSN:0040-0262
DOI:10.2307/1218920
出版商:Wiley
年代:2019
数据来源: WILEY
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7. |
THE FERN GENUS GYMNOCARPIUM NEWM. AND ITS TYPIFICATION |
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TAXON,
Volume 18,
Issue 6,
2019,
Page 661-662
C. V. Morton,
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摘要:
SummaryGymnocarpiumNewm. should not be considered an orthographic variant ofGymnocarpos, Forsk. being different etymologically and sufficiently different in spelling and pronunciation not to be confused, since the genera concerned belong to different major groups. The lectotype ofGymnocarpiummust bePolypodium dryopterisL. and notG. robertianumas proposed by Holttum.Phegopterisis a legitimate name and not superfluous when published.
ISSN:0040-0262
DOI:10.2307/1218921
出版商:Wiley
年代:2019
数据来源: WILEY
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8. |
ON THE TYPIFICATION OF HEXAGONIA POLLINI PER FR.† |
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TAXON,
Volume 18,
Issue 6,
2019,
Page 663-666
M. A. Donk,
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摘要:
SummaryThe author does not agree with M. E. P. K. Fidalgo's replacement ofHexagonia moriPollini per Fr. as the type ofHexagoniaPollini per Fr. byHexagonia crinigeraFr. Her arguments in favour of this substitution are scrutinized below and found to be untenable. The correct name forHexagoniasensu K. Fid. isScenidium(Kl.) ex O.K. ForHexagoniasensu Bond.&S. (not validly published) the new nameApcxonaDonk is proposed.
ISSN:0040-0262
DOI:10.2307/1218922
出版商:Wiley
年代:2019
数据来源: WILEY
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9. |
THE TYPIFICATION OF MEDICAGO (LEGUM.) |
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TAXON,
Volume 18,
Issue 6,
2019,
Page 667-669
C. C. Heyn,
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摘要:
SummaryThe generic nameMedicagoL. should by typified byM. radiataL. and not byM. sativaL. Acceptance of specimens in the Linnaean herbarium as types of certainMedicagospecies should not be ‘automatic’ but based on an analysis of each particular case showing that the specimen in question is indeed in accordance with the protologue and not a later addition to the herbarium.
ISSN:0040-0262
DOI:10.2307/1218923
出版商:Wiley
年代:2019
数据来源: WILEY
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10. |
ON THE APPLICATION OF NOMENCLATURE TO THE TAXONOMY OF HYBRIDS† |
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TAXON,
Volume 18,
Issue 6,
2019,
Page 670-671
Bernard R. Baum,
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摘要:
SummaryHybrid formulas should only be used for indication of F1hybrids between different taxa. They should definitely not be used for relatively well established taxa even if those taxa are of hybrid origin, because of the unlikelihood of repetition of exactly all the conditions and all factors that have been involved in their creation, and therefore the improbability of their creationde novo.I became interested in the problem of the nomenclatural treatment of hybrids during my studies in the genusAvena(Gramineae). I should like to outline a more refined procedure to which I shall refer in my studies of both cultivated and wild groups. This procedure might also be useful for general application concerning nomenclatural treatment of hybrids.
ISSN:0040-0262
DOI:10.2307/1218924
出版商:Wiley
年代:2019
数据来源: WILEY
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