ISSN:0040-1706    

DOI:10.1080/00401706.1986.10488091

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The choice of control chart parameters—sample size, sampling interval, and control limits—is considered from an economic point of view. A general process model is considered, and the hourly cost function is derived. This cost function simplifies when the recorded statistics are independent. Numerical techniques to minimize this cost function are discussed, and sensitivity analyses are performed. An example illustrates the potential savings of this technique of designing control charts.

ISSN:0040-1706    

DOI:10.1080/00401706.1986.10488092

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Loss of markets to Japan has recently caused attention to return to the enormous potential that experimental design possesses for the improvement of product design, for the improvement of the manufacturing process, and hence for improvement of overall product quality. In the screening stage of industrial experimentation it is frequently true that the “Pareto Principle” applies; that is, a large proportion of process variation is associated with a small proportion of the process variables. In such circumstances of “factor sparsity,” unreplicated fractional designs and other orthogonal arrays have frequently been effective when used as a screen for isolating preponderant factors. A useful graphical analysis due to Daniel (1959) employs normal probability plotting. A more formal analysis is presented here, which may be used to supplement such plots and hence to facilitate the use of these unreplicated experimental arrangements.

ISSN:0040-1706    

DOI:10.1080/00401706.1986.10488093

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A distinguishing feature of Japanese quality improvement techniques is an emphasis on the designing of quality into the product and into the process that makes the product. In particular, experimental design is used to discover conditions that minimize variance and appropriately control the mean level. The direct estimation of variance by replication at each of the design points, however, can be excessively expensive in experimental runs. In this article we show how it is sometimes possible to use unreplicated fractional designs to identify factors that affect variance in addition to those that affect the mean.

ISSN:0040-1706    

DOI:10.1080/00401706.1986.10488094

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The evidence for transformation of the response in a regression model may sometimes depend crucially on one or a few observations. Expressions are derived for estimating the effect of deletion of observations on both the score test and the estimate of the transformation parameter. The estimates are presented as index plots, which are as easy to calculate as the wellknown added-variable plots of constructed variables. One advantage of the new procedure is that the importance of individual observations is not masked by the presence of leverage. A second is that the plots refer directly to score statistics and parameter estimates, both quantities of prime inferential importance. Examples are given for the power transformation and for the shifted power transformation with unknown origin.

ISSN:0040-1706    

DOI:10.1080/00401706.1986.10488095

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This article concerns the selection of experimental design points from existing series of candidates when the design variables are too interrelated to be manipulated independently. Designs with an even spread of points are shown to estimate the parameters of an assumed linear or polynomial model reasonably efficiently while providing good tests of lack of fit. Furthestneighbor cluster analysis can be used to select the points of such a design under either the Euclidean or the Mahalanobis measure of distance. The technique is used to select the base fuels in actual series of experiments to measure the effect of blending a particular alcohol into gasolines. A new blending model parameterization is proposed, which relates the blending octane number of this alcohol to both its concentration and to the properties of the base fuel. An analagous generalized least squares model is discussed, which gives a simple expression for the expected mean squares in different error strata.

ISSN:0040-1706    

DOI:10.1080/00401706.1986.10488096

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Outliers may occur with respect to any of the random components in the mixed linear model. A procedure for limiting the influence of these outliers on the estimates of the model parameters is described. Given the variances or estimates of them, the model effects are estimated by augmenting the original observations with auxiliary observations that contain the prior information represented by the variances. Large residuals among either the original or the auxiliary observations are interpreted as outlying random errors or outlying random effects, as appropriate, and Winsorized. The robust estimation of the variances is obtained by modifying the defining equations for the restricted maximum likelihood estimates under normality along the lines of Huber's proposal 2. A numerical example illustrates the use of the methodology, both as a diagnostic and as an estimation tool.

ISSN:0040-1706    

DOI:10.1080/00401706.1986.10488097

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0040-1706    

DOI:10.1080/00401706.1986.10488098

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In the process of comparing the performance of Bayes acceptance sampling plans with classical sampling plans, it is necessary to understand the distinction between the classical and Bayes definitions of producer's risk. This article clarifies this distinction from a theoretical point of view and illustrates the theory with examples.

ISSN:0040-1706    

DOI:10.1080/00401706.1986.10488099

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The problem of crop acreage estimation using satellite data is discussed. The bias and variance of a crop estimate in an area segment obtained from the classification of its multispectral sensor data are derived as functions of the means, variances, and covariances of error rates, Linear discriminant analysis and class proportion estimation for the two-class case have been extended to include a third class of measurement units, where these units are mixed on the ground. Special attention is given to the investigation of mislabeling in training samples and its effect on crop proportion estimation. It is shown that the bias and variance of the estimate of a crop acreage proportion increase as the disparity in mislabeling rates of the two classes increases. The effect of mixed pixels on the bias and variance of the proportion estimate is also investigated.

ISSN:0040-1706    

DOI:10.1080/00401706.1986.10488100

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor