摘要:

SummaryUsing a device of our own built eye movements during the perception of some pictures were examined in 24 chronic schizophrenic and 20 normal subjects. While they were shown each of 4 pictures for 30 seconds, we plotted the points on which the subject's eyes fixed for a short time and observed their traces.We also recorded EOG during the eye closure for 17 cases of these schizophrenic subjects. Additional observations and comparison of eye movements during the perception with EOG findings led to the following conclusions:1. Concerning the degree of diffusion of the eye's fixation points, the moving range of the gaze in chronic schizophrenics was much more limited than in normal subjects.2. There was observed rather large number appearance of the small rapid eye movements with closed eyes in the schizophrenic subjects who showed limited moving range of eye's fixation points.Chronic schizophrenic patients probably look at a certain part vaguely. This may be due to their decreased motivation and lack of interest in trying to get information about the pictures and to cognize them.

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1972.tb01124.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA case with syndrome of acute ophthal‐moparesis, ataxia and areflexia (Fisher) was described with special attention to the EEG abnormalities consisting of diffuse slowing. From the rhythmic appearance, bilateral synchrony, wide antero‐posterior distribution and blocking by visual attention of the slow waves, the deep‐seated origin of the abnormal discharges was postulated. The relevant literature was reviewed in regard to the cerebral involvement in this syndrome as well as in Guillain‐Barre s

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1972.tb01125.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary1) A 45‐year‐old female at the time of death complained of dysarthria and hand tremor at age 35, followed by intellectual deterioration and gait disturbance. At age 38, disorientation and a progressive rigidity of the type associated with decortication set in. At age 39, loss of volitional movements and a progressive deterioration of speech were noted. She remained apallic during the last two years. Death occurred at 45 years, nine and a half years after the onset of the disease.2) The pathological findings were remarkable atrophy and sclerosis of the cerebral white matter together with the lesion of subcortical U‐fibres. The corpus callosum, periventricular areas, corona radiata, internal capsule, basal ganglia and optic nerves were spared. Neither fat granule cells nor lymphocytic perivascular infiltration was found.3) The authors are, in all likelihood, dealing with a case of circulatory disturbance and discussed the p

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1972.tb01126.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe authors reported the clinical picture of myoclonus epilepsy occurred in three siblings of one family. In Case 1 the illness began at 14 years, and she is now still alive. In Case 2 the disease began at 7 years and death occurred at the age of 14 after the clinical course of about 7 years. In Case 3 (autopsy case), the onset of the disease was 6 years of age, and death occurred at 11 after the clinical history of 5 years. Autopsy revealed the degenerative lesions of the dentate and the olivary nucleus associated with gliosis of the pallidum due to a perinatal anoxic damage.In two siblings (Cases 2, 3) the duration of the disease is shorter, and the age of death is less advanced as compared with the cases of degenerative type of myoclonus epilepsy reported in the literature, and the authors discussed its reason.

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1972.tb01127.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe general activity and emotional responses to various stimuli of the rats with olfactory bulb ablations (O.B. rat) were investigated in comparison with those of the rats with either septal or amygdaloid lesions. The results are summarized as follows:1. The rat gradually became to exert hyperemotional responses to various stimuli, following bilateral removal of the olfactory bulb. This hyperemotionality remained unchanged for a long period of time. The rat with septal lesions, on the contrary, exhibited hyperemotionality immediately after lesioning, but the hyperemotionality disappeared within 2 weeks. Amygdaloid lesions caused no change in the emotional responses to stimuli of intact rats but abolished the hyperemotionality of the O.B. rats.2. In the O.B. rats, muricidal behavior and attack response to a rod were more prominent tiian the other responses, whereas in the septal rat, the hyperemotional responses such as startle, flight, jump and squeak were more marked, and muricidal behavior was scarcely observed.Hyperemotionality of the O.B. rat is regarded as active aggressiveness in nature and that of the septal rat would be better expressed as hyperreactivity or hyperirrit‐ability.3. Exploratory behavior such as ambulation and rearing of the O.B. rat in an open‐field situation markedly increased, while that of the septal rat decreased instead even after the hyperemotionality disappeared. Amygdaloid lesions increased exploratory behavior in intact as well as in the O.B. rats, despite of reducing hyperemotionality of the latter.(This study was supported in part by the grant for the research of science from the Department of Education of the Government of Jap

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1972.tb01128.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1972.tb01129.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe effects of various psychotropic drugs on emotional behavior of the rats with bilateral ablations of the olfactory bulb (O.B. rat) were compared with those in the intact as well as in the rats with septal or amygdaloid lesions.1. Chlorpromazine markedly reduced both ambulation and rearing in intact as well as limbic lesioned rats. The hyper‐motional responses to all kinds of stimuli were suppressed by this drug in the O.B. and septal rats.2. Diazepam also suppressed the hyper‐emotional responses of the O.B. and septal rats, but on the contrary to chlorpromazine, it increased ambulation whereas it decreased rearing in the intact and amygdaloid rats. Diazepam, however, greatly decreased both ambulation and rearing of the O.B. and septal rats.3. Pentobarbital had no significant effect on the hyperemotionality of the O.B. and septal rats in subhypnotic doses. Pentobarbital, like diazepam, increased ambulation but decreased rearing of the intact rats, although it markedly reduced both ambulation and rearing of the septal rat, and showed less significant effects on ambulation of the O.B. and amygdaloid rats.4. Imipramine, similarly to chlorpromazine, decreased both ambulation and rearing in each group of the rats. Imipramine selectively blocked mouse‐killing behavior without affecting the other hyperemotional responses to stimuli of the O.B. rats. These properties were shared with amitriptyline and nialamide.5. It is suggested that the analyses of drug effects on emotional behaviors of the rats with various limbic lesions are helpful to distinguish the mode of action of various psychotropic agents. (This study was supported in part by the grant for the research of science from the Department of Education of the Government of J

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1972.tb01130.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1972.tb01131.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY