摘要:

Abstract:The tripletopus Melancholicusproposed by Tellenbach (19611, endogenous depression, a good response to antidepressants, seems to give a form of clearly defined entity. In this study comparingTypus Melancholicusin Japan and in France, we have tried to differentiate the essential elements which vary according to culture. Thirty‐eight patients corresponding to major depression (DSM‐III‐R) hospitalized in our clinics in Japan and in France and their families have been questioned during and after the pathological episodes using a method of our own devising. In Japan,opus Melancholicusis generally respected and socially well integrated because of its first characteristic, or “orderliness with consideration to others.” For that reason in the premorbid life, it is usually free from manifest conflict, and its personality is remarkably homogeneous. In France the opposite is true with the range of variations being wide with a high frequency of neurotic aspects. This may be due to the malfunction of “the orderliness with consideration to others” in France, where individualism is dominant. We have found two general types of variants, named “hypercommon” and “hypernormative.” These two directions correspond to the elements that composeopus Melancholicus:patients of the first group have a tendency to adapt to other's point of view; patients of the second group have a tendency to be under the pressure of a sense of ob

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1992.tb02849.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:The so‐called “borderline cases” are classified nowadays into Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) or Schizotypal Personality Disorder (SPD) according to DSM‐III‐R. We discussed them as follows: The common pathology to them is their imaginary relationship to the object of identification. The difference between them is the distance from patients to their object. After presenting a case who is situated midway between the borderline case and neurosis, the pathology of borderline case can be described as a failure of repression. After classifying borderline cases in Japan into hysterical borderline or obsessional borderline, their relationship to hysterical neurosis and to obsessional neurosis are respectively

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1992.tb02850.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:In Japan, economic factors were associated with the regional variations in suicide rates, unlike the United States where domestic factors (divorces and births) were associated with the regional variations in suicide rates. Homicide rates also had different social correlates in the two nations, indicating the importance of cross‐cultural studies for the identification of reliable phenomen

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1992.tb02851.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:This is a report of a pair of male monozygotic twins meeting the DSM‐III‐R criteria for bulimia nervosa. At the age of IS, both brothers began to diet and suffered from bulimia. They were admitted to psychiatric hospitals and separated. After admission, their clinical course dramatically changed. The differences in their clinical courses and endocrinological data are suggestive as to the roles of environmental and hereditary factors in the etiology of bulimia nerv

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1992.tb02852.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:Five cases with eating disorders (one case with anorexia nervosa alone, 4 cases with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa) complicated with schizophrenia and 3 cases of bulimia nervosa complicated with schizophrenia were reported. The eating disorders and schizophrenia were diagnosed according to the diagnostic criteria of DSM‐III‐R. As to the type of schizophrenia, 4 patients were of an undifferentiated type and 4 cases were of a disorganized type. Regarding the prepsychotic personality, 6 of the 8 cases showed schizothyme personality traits. All the patients showed depressive symptoms which are relatively common in eating disorders. In all the patients, significant social or school life difflculties persisted and a resumption of premorbid functioning was not seen. The possibility of an afflnity between anorexia nervosa and schizophrenia was discus

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1992.tb02853.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:Presenting cases of depressional pseudodementia and delirium, we wish to point out the following points in this report. The patient in depression displays a state of pseudodementia when he is regarded as having senile dementia by the people around him. The depressed patient falls into delirium when he is embarrassed by an unexpected situation. In other words, the patient shows pseudodementia when he is continuously out of the world of daily meaning; he would fall into a disturbance of consciousness when he is suddenly put out of the world of meanings. This principle is applicable not only to depression but also to all mental diseases. In mental diseases, the symptoms themselves have some meaning for the patient. However, when the patient is put out of the world of ordinary meaning, mental disease presents the aspect of a somatic disease such as dementia or disturbance of consciousness.

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1992.tb02854.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:Seventy nursing home residents with and 87 without cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) were examined by the modified Stockton Geriatric Rating Scale (modified SGRS) which measures four aspects of impairments; physical disability, socially irritating behavior, communication failure and apathy. They were divided into 3 subgroups according to walking ability; prolonged bed rest, walking with aids and walking by themselves in both groups. Physical disability of mental decline was significantly aggravated more than that of normal intelligence in all the subgroups. Although communication failure and apathy of mental decline had deteriorated more than those of normal intelligence in prolonged bed rest in residents without CVD, apathy of the former had deteriorated more than that of the latter in walking by themselves in residents with CVD.

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1992.tb02855.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:Hyponatremia occurs often in mental illness. The frequency was not noticed because of the uncharacteristic symptoms of mild hyponatremia. Of the 1,114 psychiatric inpatients retrospectively surveyed, 10.5% had hyponatremia. Not only patients with schizophrenia, but also patients with other mental illness, especially with epilepsy, having hyponatremia were confirmed. An early onset, a long duration of psychiatric disorder and a prolonged admission were statistically significant factors. Nicotine abuse was not a significant factor. It was suggested that the pathogenesis of hyponatremia in psychiatric patients might be involved in a chronic course of psychiatric disorders and poor response to psychopharmacotherapy.

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1992.tb02856.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:To investigate the peripheral blood circulation, 24 young volunteers, 28 nursing home residents with cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) and 42 residents without them were studied for accelerated plethysmogram (APG). Both residents were rated by the modified Stockton geriatric rating scale (modified SGRS) which have four aspects of impairments; physical disability, socially irritating behavior, communication failure and apathy. As to the waveform patterns of APG, the majority of the young volunteers and both the residents showed patterns B and G, respectively. Coefficient of APG (Co‐APG) of the former was significantly larger than that of the latter. In the residents without CVD, Co‐APG was significantly negatively correlated with physical disability and apathy of the modified SGRS. But, Co‐APG did not correlate with the modified SGRS in the residents wit

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1992.tb02857.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:Remarkable changes in personality, emotion and behavior were observed in a 66‐year‐old female with bilateral infarction of the medial Inferior portion at the temporo‐occipital region. Aggressiveness, emotional lability and indifference were noted in the patient as psychiatric manifestation. No dehite delirium, however, was observed. A neuroradiological examination revealed the lesions located at the territory of the posterior cerebral artery, which involved the hippocampus, the parahippocampal gyri, the fusiform gyri and the lingual gyri. Therefore, the psychiatric disturbances and the neuropsychological symptoms presented here are attributed to these lesions with the multiple infarctions in the brain. The present case is noteworthy for its unique changes in personality and emotion which in the literature have not reported to be caused following the vascular accident of the bilateral posterior cerebral a

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1992.tb02858.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY