摘要:

Summary1. Effects of chlorpromazine and propericiazine on the sleep‐wakefulness cycle were studied in 40 growing kittens from 1–28 days of age.2. Chlorpromazine decreased the percentages of wakefulness in total recording time. The effect first appeared in the kittens older than 16–18 days of age. The drug also diminished “activated” sleep. On the contrary, the percentages of slow wave sleep increased with the drug. The effects on both phases of sleep were least marked in the neonates 1–3 days of age and became more prominent after 6–8 days of age.3. Propericiazine, unlike chlorpromazine, did not affect wakefulness. But like chlorpromazine, it increased slow wave sleep and diminished “activated” sleep. The effect on “activated” sleep was least prom

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1968.tb01428.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryHeart rate changes with septal stimulation were studied in six unanesthetized cats with chronically implanted electrodes. Effects of stimulating mesencephalic reticular formation (MRF) were investigated in four animals. Septal and MRF stimulation at 300 per sec for 2 sec regularly produced cardio‐acceleration; septal effects tended to be slower in onset and greater in magnitude. Septal stimulation at 5 per sec for 10 sec produced cardiac deceleration. Variation of stimulus parameters also indicated that weak stimuli caused deceleration and intense ones caused acceleration.Cardio‐acceleratory effects of 2 sec of intense septal stimulation were relatively prolonged, generally lasting more than 15min. Repetition of the 2 sec stimulus at hourly intervals appeared to produce a summation of effects, so that after three stimulus trains there was little return to pre‐stimulus heart rate.The direction of heart rate change with septal stimulation in the unanesthetized cat appears to be a function of stimulus strength. Cardio‐acceleration occurs with strong stimuli in contrast to the deceleration found by others in anesthetized

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1968.tb01429.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryEvoked electromyograms of the orbicularis oculi muscle with repeated stimulation given at frequencies of 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 c/s were examined in myasthenia gravis; and the following results were obtained.1. In the normal subject, the amplitude of M‐waves showed almost no change by stimulation at frequencies of 5 and 10 c/s, and a mild gradual increase by stimulation at a frequency of 20 c/s. On stimulation with 50 and 100 c/s, the amplitude of M‐waves showed a marked gradual increase and maintained nearly the peak value after a maximum had been reached.2. In a total of 23 patients with myasthenia gravis, the amplitude of M‐waves showed several specific changes against the stimulation frequencies employed. The patterns of the amplitude of M‐waves appearing with each frequency were classified into 3 types:Type I, which showed an initial gradual decrease in amplitude with all the stimulation frequencies employed, was observed in 13 patients (56.5%).Type II, which showed an initial gradual decrease at frequencies of 5 c/s and 10 c/s, but a gradual increase followed by gradual decrease at frequencies of 50 and 100 c/s, was observed in 8 patients (34.8%).Type III, which showed no obvious difference from the pattern of the normal curve with stimulation given at not more than 50 c/s but a gradual increase followed by gradual decrease at a frequency of 100c/s, was observed in 2 patients (8.7%).3. No distinct differences were noted in other neuromuscular diseases taken as control, as compared with the

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1968.tb01430.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn our previous report, evoked electromyograms of the orbicularis oculi muscle with repetitive stimulation given at frequencies of 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 c/s were examined in myasthenia gravis. The amplitude of M‐waves showed several specific changes against the stimulation frequencies employed. The patterns of the amplitude of M‐waves appearing with each frequency could be classified into 3 types, Type I, Type II and Type III according to relation between the frequency of stimulation and decrease and/ or increase of M‐wave amplitude. In the present study, the effect of neostigmine, d‐tubocurarine and clinical condition on the various pattern of M‐wave amplitude curve classified into above mentioned three types was

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1968.tb01431.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe initial hypotension and bradycardia after ECT are greater with auricular stimulation than with forehead stimulation. The subsequent hypertension and tachycardia are also greater with the former.If the shock is repeated, the initial bradycardia and the subsequent hypertension are maximum with the first convulsion, and least in the third.Blood pressure, central venous pressure and cerebrospinal fluid pressure also rise and reach a maximum 30 sec. after the shock. Five to ten min. after the convulsion they slowly return to initial level, although blood pressure and central venous pressure remain above normal until 10 min. after ECT.Decrease in arterial pH and Po2, and increase in arterial Pco2and potassium occur without premedication and anesthesia, but not with premedication and anesthesia.

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1968.tb01432.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe relationship between the course and depth of sleep and pituitary‐adrenocortical activities was studied using adult cats. Metal electrodes were fixed on the skull and in the dorsal hippocampus for recording EEG. A serial collection of 2 ml of blood was performed at 15 minute intervals using a cardiac polyethylene catheter during sleep of the animal without anesthesia or restraint. Polygraphic recordings of EEG, ECG, EMG and eye movement were made simultaneously to determine the depth of sleep, which were classified into 4 stages of A, S‐1, S‐2 and S‐A stages. Plasma corticosterone was determined using a fluorometric technique. Two conditions were studied; one during natural sleep without previous sleep deprivation, and the other following 24 hours of sleep deprivation using the pool method. The following results were obtained:1. Without preceding sleep deprivation, the animal showed mostly light sleep stages. The deep sleep and paradoxical sleep stages were only rarely observed. The plasma corticosterone level did not show marked changes during the experiments.2. After 24 hours of sleep deprivation, the plasma corticosterone level was significantly low prior to the initiation of sleep, and rose significantly soon after the onset of sleep.The plasma corticosterone levels, in general, were also lower after sleep deprivation as compared to the experiments without sleep deprivation.3. After sleep deprivation, plasma corticosterone values showed significant fluctuations in a cyclic pattern, roughly parallel to the sleep cycles. But no significant correlation between the values of corticosterone and each sleep stage was confirmed.4. A tendency for the level of plasma corticosterone to decrease was observed frequently during the periods of S‐A stage.5. The plasma corticosterone peaks tended to appear frequently at 5 to 14 minutes after the initiation of the preceding paradoxical sleep, or 10 to 29 minutes prior to the onset of the subsequent paradoxi

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1968.tb01433.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1968.tb01434.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1968.tb01435.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY