ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1960.tb02243.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary1EEG changes related to the transition from instantaneous to delayed or trace salivary conditioned reflex were observed. On the basis of peripheral response, phase of inhibition during the first half of CS and phase of secretion during the latter half of CS were distinguished in delayed reflex while preliminary (EEG‐activated) phase without secretion during CS, phase of inhibition after CS and phase of secretion were distinguished in trace reflex, and EEG responses at each stage were observed.2Negatively and positively conditioned EEG responses already reported by Yoshii et al. were observed during the phases of inhibition and secretion, respectively, as shown in tables summarizing the results obtained on each animal.3It was made clear that activating influences of the brainstem reticular activating system and modulating influences of amygdaloid‐hippo‐campal system were related to the transition from instantaneous to delayed or trace salivary reflex to give rise to EEG responses of the transition, inhibition and equalization stages.4Attention was paid to the role of 2 CIS waves of the amygdala and of 20 (14–23) c/s waves considered as the basic waves of the hippocampus, in the modulation of background excitability.5In the delayed reflex, the CS was suggested to have an inhibitory effect, and the time factor (internal stimulus), an effect as positive stimulus. In the trace reflex it was thought that cessation of the CS got a significance as it served to establish a new conditioned reflex of inhibition, and the time factor had a positive one. That is, it was suggested that the trace reflex was a type of delayed reflex in which cessation of the CS served as an inhibitory stimulus and the time factor served as a positive stimulus to facilitate the salivary se

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1960.tb02244.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary1The typical synchronous triphasic wave in the case of hepatic coma was not recognized in this experiment.21 to 2 cc solution of 2/3 mol ammonium bicarbonate, similar in the case of anoxia, diminished or abolished electrocortical activity, recruiting responses as well as EEG arousal.3The hypersynchronous discharges which were confined only to the reticular formation, excluding neo‐, archi‐, paleocortex and thalamus, were found concurrently with the activation in the spinal cord. The above two reactions were discovered to be potentiated with a small amount of strychine in the cases of both ammonia and anoxia.4Ammonium bicarbonate had a lowering effect on the brain activity in the case of intravenous injection. It is assumed that ammonia has generally a lowering effect on the activity levels of the br

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1960.tb02245.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1960.tb02246.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryNinety‐eight subjects in one family, in which 2 sibling cases of typical myoclonus epilepsy were found as the originator, were clinically surveyed, and 24 cases among them were electroencephalographically investigated.1In family tree there were found 3 eonsanguinous marriage couples, and among them, 2 couples were in relation of cousin‐marriage, though the originator was children from one of the latter.2In the family, there were found 4 cases of myoclonus epilepsy and one suspicious case, and 3 cases of potator in the ancester line.3Due to clinical examination, there were established 5 cases of infantile isolated convulsion and 14 cases of epileptic seizures of various kinds, though 9 cases of the latter seemed, at least, to be clinically confirmed as definite epilepsy.4In EEG‐examination, ca. 80% showed abnormal and borderline‐abnormal; 6 cases gave focal signs of brain damage, 10 cases definit epileptic discharges; 5 cases low threshold for convulsion and 4 cases multiple spikes discharge.5It has been confirmed both clinically and electroencephalographically that myoclonus epilepsy should be a recessive hereditary disease. Also, myoclonus epilepsy involves in its entity some factors having close connections with epilepsy or epileptic disorders, because there occurs in the course of transmission of hereditary disposition various kinds of epilepsy. Thus, the dispxition of myoclonus epilepsy might be multi‐demensional, and, if this consideration were correct, the reason of variety in EEGs in the family chart would be explained.6This report suggests certainly such a possibility that hereditary pathophysiological factors is confirmable by EEG‐examination as the result of dynamic investigation, as far as the family tree were pursued, even if there exists a complicat

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1960.tb02247.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThis case report concerns with a male aged 22 years, who was recently diagnosed by authors' detailed clinical examination as porencephalia. He, feeble‐minded since the early life, noticed weakness of both hand and foot of the right side when he was 9 years old and acquired in the 18 th years tonic seizure of abrupt start and of focal nature often combined with psychomotor one, besides frequent outbursts of yawning in form of autonomic seizure.Clinical examination showed: 1) weakness and atrophy of the musculatures of the right side; 2) homolateral hemianopsia of the same side; 3) hemianesthesia of the right side; 4) mental retardation; 5) apathetic attitude and so on. A large space‐occupying shadow (5.5 cm × 4 cm) in the occipito‐parieto‐temporal area of the left side, accompanying deviation of cerebral blood vessels, was confirmed by pneumoencephalography and angiography. EEG showed a lack of alpha‐activity and the lack of response to the light stimulation in the same area, accompanied by sporadic slow and sharp waves in the focus.No remarkable effects were obtained by administration of various kinds of anticonvulsant, however, it was of interest that the patient's status turned step by step toward improvement following sessions of pneumoen‐cephalography, though the defect of visual field remained almost uninfluenced. This finding, so rare as it is, may contribute to the treatment of p

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1960.tb02248.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1960.tb02249.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1960.tb02250.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Das Nervensystem des Menschenvon Dr. Med.Max ClaraDas Hirngeschädigte Kindvon Prof. Dr.WewetzerDer Liquordruckvon Priv. Doz. Dr.R. HemmerRecent Neurological Researchedited by Prof.A. Biemon

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1960.tb02251.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY