ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1980.tb01527.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1980.tb01528.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn the kindling model of experimental epilepsy, long‐lasting functional changes at the synaptic structures appear to be essential for persistent seizure susceptibility. Although no remarkable morphological changes have been found at the synaptic structures, there are some neurophysiological and neuropharmacological evidences suggesting that a functional alteration in the catecholaminergic systems could be resulted following kindling and that the catecholaminergic structures may play an inhibitory role for establishing such transsynaptic changes underlying kindling. Regarding seizure generalization, two patterns of seizure generalization may be distinguished in the cortical kindling and limbic seizure. In the limbic seizure generalization, the increased connections between the limbic foci and midbrain reticular formation and/or the catecholaminergic structures seems to be important. On the other hand, functional connections between the cortical foci and generalization mechanisms, including the lower brainstem or the catecholaminergic systems, are not stronger than the limbic seizure. A longlasting functional alteration of the catecholaminergic systems that can result during kindling should be further studied in the futur

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1980.tb01529.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1980.tb01530.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn order to elucidate the significance of perinatal brain damage in the etiology of epilepsy, 139 full‐term neonates considered to have suffered a severe degree of perinatal hypoxia were examined neurologically and electroencephalographically for two‐nine years. Thirty‐eight (27.3%) of them developed epileptic seizures during the follow‐up period. Sixteen infants developed infantile spasms at ages two‐13 months, while 10 manifested generalized motor seizures mainly at one‐four years. They all had neonatal background EEGs suggesting a severe degree of brain damage, although the infants with infantile spasms and myoclonic seizures showed more abnormal neonatal EEGs than those with other types of fits.The combination of multiple factors, mainly exogenous and constitutional, is necessary for the development of epileptic seizures, especially in patients with a lesser degree of b

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1980.tb01531.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1980.tb01532.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFive patients with the Lennox‐Gastaut syndrome who have shown generalized non‐convulsive seizures were presented. The seizure manifestations which occurred spontaneously were documented by simultaneous recording and analyzed in terms of clinical and electroencephalographic correlates. According to the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification,2it was possible, on the one hand, to regard them as “atypical complex absences” in which the impairment of consciousness is accompanied by other symptoms, which tend to dominate the clinical picture. They were: hypotonic, hepertonic, myoclonic and akinetic components, respectively.On the other hand, if we give a special weight to the accompanying symptoms, it is entirely possible that they are at the same time diagnosed atonic, axial tonic, bilateral myoclonic and akinetic seizures. The initial impairment of consciousness is common to all the seizure manifestations, and the ictal and interictal EEG expressions are not of diagnostic significance.A question arises as to whether two different nomenclatures were arbitrarily given to a unique ictal manifestation or not as far as the generalized non‐convulsive seizures were

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1980.tb01533.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn the present survey, we investigated the side effects of anticonvulsants in 248 epileptics who had been taking medicine for a long time. About half of the patients had been given anticonvulsant treatment for more than 11 years. The main results were as follows: Subjective symptoms: many kinds of gastrointestinal symptoms, general fatigability and sleepiness, slight pain in bones, joints or muscles and headache were found.Neurological symptoms: finger tremor at rest, diminished or decreased ankle reflex, and cerebellar symptoms such as ataxic gait, dysarthria, nystagmus and diplopia were found.Other clinical symptoms: gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism, dermatitis and edema were observed.Biochemical examinations: indicated that the total bilirubin was decreased in 4.4%, serum AL‐P was elevated in 26.2%, the total serum cholesterol increased above 200mg/dl in 17.7% and decreased below 150mg/dl in 8.9%, and serum P and K were reduced in 31.5% and 2.4%, respectively. Hypocalcemia was found in only four cases (1.6%).Hematological examinations: serious disturbances were not found in hematopoietic functions, although prothrombin time was delayed in 18 of 40 patients examine

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1980.tb01534.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1980.tb01535.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1980.tb01536.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY