摘要:

SummaryThis author investigated the responses observable in the cerebral cortex and thalamus in case of the electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus of cats and could obtain the following results.1. The single stimulation of the hypothalamus evoked afterdischarge in the diffuse areas of the cerebral cortex, whose pattern was much similar to the dial burst, thereby lacking of evoked potential, whereas high frequency stimulation of the hypothalamus caused the desynchronization of the diffuse thalamic projection system together with the desynchronization of the diffuse cortical areas.2. The locus of the hypothalamus bringing about such effects lay in the dorsal hypothalamic area, Nucl. hypothalamicus lateralis, Nucl. hypothalamicus posterior, Nucl. supramammillaris, Nucl. interstitialis supramammillaris and decussatio supramammillaris, all situated at the postodorsal portion of the hypothalamus.3. The high frequency stimulation of the hypothalamus effected upon the cortical strychinine spikes an increase both in amplitude and frequency. This effect was kept continued so long as the basic activities of the cortex went on desynchronizing, while it was found extinguished through sub‐cortical severanc

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1958.tb00740.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1958.tb00741.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe behavioral changes of the unrestrained cat elicited by the square pulse stimulation through the bipolar electrode implanted in the various portions of the brain stem, mainly in the midline, were investigated, and the points of stimulation were later ascertained histologically. The results of the study are summarized as follows:(1) The arrest reaction was elicited from the midline areas extending from the rostral part of the thalamus as far as to the caudal part of the medulla oblongata, especially from the midline of the mesencephalic reticular formation, by means of the various stimuli.(2) The arrest reaction that could be elicited from the reticular formation between decussatio tractuum tegmenti and decussatio brachiorum conjunctivorum at the level of nucl. oculomotorii in the midbrain was utmost typical and most easily inducible.(3) To elicit the arrest reaction from the midbrain and the more caudal brain stem, 60 to 100 cps, 2 to 5 v, 0.2 msec were found the most adequate. In the thalamus, slightly higher intensity seemed necessary to induce the arrest reaction.(4) During the arrest reaction the postural and nociceptive reflexes were preserved, though diminished and insufficient.(5) The chief findings of the ECG were: a) By the appropriate stimulation of the arrest areas, synchronous large waves much resembling the recruiting response were recorded, and b) In cases where the arrest reaction took place most typical, the preexisting spontaneous discharges (about 3 to 5 cps) tended to be blocked.(6) According to the findings of the EMG, the arrest reaction represents an inhibition in the descending direction.(7) Stimulation of other portions of the brain stem with the routine intensity or stimulation of arrest areas with the higher intensity elicited the general activation, specific movements or convulsions, etc.

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1958.tb00742.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1958.tb00743.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryMatter exchange between the blood and cerebrospinal fluid in psychosss was set under investigation, using radioisotopes Na24, P32and I131as the material. The clinical cases consist of 111 cases of schizophrenia, 47 cases of syphilitic psychoses, 30 cases of senile psychosis, 38 cases of epilepsy, 20 cases of psychoneuroses, sum total making up 246 cases. The result was as follows:1) Na24, I131and P32were proved pcsitive in the CSF 5 min. after intravenous injection, giving the transfer curve characteristic to each substance. The velocity of transfer was Na

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1958.tb00744.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1958.tb00745.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Selbsterkenntnis und Willensbildung im arztlichen Raume Bäge zu einer synthetischen Psychotherepie von Prof.Dr. W. Kretschmer junDer Psychiater von Prof. Dr.Kurt Koll

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1958.tb00746.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY