摘要:

There has been recurring debate regarding the need for a process of ensuring that individuals who propose research using live animals will be competent in the research and compassionate in their care of animals. The mechanism by which this goal can be accomplished is presently under consideration and acceptance by investigators is of concern. As a first step, the authors propose utilization of an interactive computer program that not only would evaluate cognitive knowledge but also would instruct in areas found to be deficient. Immediate feedback with educational reinforcement is possible. The authors' interest in such a program began with a pediatric surgical postgraduate course presented in 1994 at the Clinical Congress of the American College of Surgeons. The computer program utilized was IRIS (Instantaneous Response Interactive System; IRIS, Denver, CO, USA). This system was well suited to evaluation and instantaneous feedback. That program, or one like it, would be suited to initial evaluation and education of researchers. The important aspect is interaction and immediate feedback. This article also includes the results of a panel discussion at the annual meeting of the Academy of Surgical Research in Albuquerque, New Mexico.

ISSN:0894-1939    

DOI:10.3109/08941939609012468

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Correction of hepatic failure or metabolic disease by hepatocellular transplantation may require replacement of up to 10% of enzyme function with normal or genetically corrected cells. Although single injections of hepatocytes have not been able to consistently achieve this level of functional replacement in experimental models, multiple injections should theoretically be able to approach this goal. Delivery of multiple doses of hepatocytes to the spleen in experimental animals is complicated by the need to perform multiple laparotomies. By relocating the spleen to a subcutaneous position, the authors have designed an animal model to facilitate multiple splenic injections without the need for repeated celiotomies. Because it is in the prefascial plane, multiple hepatocyte injections can be delivered to the spleen perctttaneously using only minimal sedation. Bleeding secondary to needle puncture is contained by a pseudocapsule which develops around the spleen. No statistical difference in the degree of hepatocyte migration to the liver has been demonstrated in animals transplanted via the subcutaneous spleen compared with animals transplanted by laparotomy (0.51% vs. 0.56%, p =.785).

ISSN:0894-1939    

DOI:10.3109/08941939609012469

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Dial-tipped, high-fidelity micromanometers were inserted through polyurethane catheters to acutely measure blood pressures within the chambers of the heart and the great vessels of baboons, rhesus monkeys, and goats. Repeated measurements of atrial, ventricular, aortic, and pulmonary artery pressure were possible with this method, with calibration of micromanometers accomplished immediately prior to and after pressure recordings to assure data accuracy. All attempts to pass micromanometers into the atria in all species were successful. Passage of micromanometers from the left ventricle across the aortic valve and into the aorta was successful in 97% of the attempts in baboons, 100% for rhesus monkeys, and 75% for goats; while insertions into the pulmonary artery from the right ventricle were successful in 64% of the baboons, 40% of the rhesus monkeys, and 75% of the goats. Advantages of this technique are that a permanent conduit for cardiac vascular access is available and that high-fidelity pressure signals may be acquired.

ISSN:0894-1939    

DOI:10.3109/08941939609012470

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0894-1939    

DOI:10.3109/08941939609012471

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0894-1939    

DOI:10.3109/08941939609012472

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0894-1939    

DOI:10.3109/08941939609012473

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor