摘要:

AbstractSome conventional and experimental anticancer drugs were tested for their effect on Concanavalin A (Con A) -induced Transforming Growth Factor-β(TGF-β) release from BALB/c splenocytes, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced TGF-βrelease from Nude mouse splenocytes and BALB/c peritoneal exudate cells stimulated by LPSin vitro.When 5×106BALB/c and Nude mouse splenocytes/ml stimulated with 1μg/ml Con A, 50ng/ml LPS respectively, and 5×106/ml peritoneal exudate cells stimulated with 50ng/ml LPS were incubated with various non-cytotoxic concentrations of the vinca alkaloid Vincristine, there was an inhibition of the release of TGF-βin culture supernatants of both BALB/c splenocytes and peritoneal exudate cells. But, in Nude mouse Vincristine did not alter the release of TGF-β.The antitumour antibiotic Bleomycin, the immunoactive peptide FK565 and the immunosuppressive agent Cyclosporin A (CsA) were found to have no effect on the release of TGF-βfrom all culture supernatants.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979409019736

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractSilicone implants have been associated with the development of multiple organ system abnormalities, including rheumatic disorders, nervous system, pulmonary dysfunction associated with autoantibodies and abnormalities of cellular immunity. In this regards a number of case reports and series of articles have been described.We hypothesized that an immune reaction to silicone breast implants would include the host reactivity against silicone and the macromolecules within the microenvironment of the implant, and these autoantibodies may react with other tissue antigens far from the site of the implant. to test this hypothesis 520 Symptomatic women with Silicone Implants which have developed Silicone related Immunological disorders and have typically complained of breast pain, Myalgia-Arthralgia, fatigue, or generalized pain, were examined by their physician. Blood samples were obtained and examined for the presence of Silicone antibodies, Myelin Basic Protein and human serum albumin antibodies. These samples were then compared to 520 matched controls without implants. At least at the level of two standard deviation silicone specific antibodies, IgG, IgA IgM, IgE and IgG+IgA+IgM antibodies were detected above the mean of normal controls.When these antibodies were classified based on the specialty of the examining physician, the % of patients with Silicone Antibodies were varied; general practice 51.6, Rheumatology 58.7, and Plastic Surgery 83.3, which may relate to the severeness of the disease. Being that a large % of patients demonstrated very high levels of Myelin Basic Protein Antibodies, possible cross reactive antibodies were sought. However, absorption of highly positive sera for Silicone Antibodies with MBP did not change the levels of Silicone Antibodies. On the other hand, Silicone-HSA was able to reduce the antibody values significantly. This reduction in antibody levels by Silicone is the best indication for the specificity of these antibodies. Moreover when data for silicone antibodies and MBP antibodies was analyzed in patients some with high and others with medium or low levels of silicone antibodies, MBP antibodies did not correspond to the silicone antibody levels. Similarly human serum albumin antibodies which was significantly higher in patients with silicone implants did not correlate with levels of silicone antibodies. These results indicate that immune reaction to silicone and different tissue antigens do occur and they are initiated through different mechanisms. and since predominant antibody class against silicone, MBP and HSA was IgM, clonal activation of IgM is possible which certainly warrants further investigation.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979409019737

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractAlthough investigations to date have demonstrated the ability of the monocyte/macrophage to synthesize complement components, only a limited number of studies on complement synthesis by nonhepatic tissue cells have been reported. to begin to fill this gap in our knowledge we have recently evaluated the ability of lung tissue cells to synthesize and secrete various complement componentsin vitro. Using35S-methionine incorporation and immunoprecipitation techniques we have previously demonstrated the ability human lung type II pneumocytes (A549) and human lung fibroblasts (WI-38), to synthesize and secrete a variety of both early and terminal complement components, as well as several regulatory proteins including Clr, Cls, C4. C3, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, Factor B, Factor H, Factor I and Cls inactivator. Our present studies demonstrate the capability of silica to regulate complement component production by A549 cells, but not complement component production by WI-38 cells. Specifically, using sensitive ELISAs we demonstrated that a non-toxic dose of silica had the capability to suppress the production of both C3 and C5 by A549 pneumocytes by 40-50 percent, but had no effect on C3 or C5 synthesis by WI-38 fibroblasts. Additionally, using35S-methionine incorporation and TCA precipitation techniques, we demonstrated that suppression of C3 and C5 production by silica treated A549 pneumocytes was not a result of suppression of total protein synthesis. These studies demonstrate that silica, which has been implicated in pulmonary diseases, has the capability to regulate local complement production by lung tissue cellsin vitro. In vivo, this suppression of complement production by the type II pneumocytes could alter the local tissue reservoir of complement components during infection and pulmonary injury, thus resulting in depressed pulmonary host defense.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979409019738

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of cyclosporin A (CsA) on mouse thymocytes was investigatedin vitro. Ultrastructural examination and DNA electrophoresis of 24hr-CsA-treated thymocytes showed chromatin condensation, cellular shrinkage and nuclear fragmentation in oligonucleosomal fragments. DNA labeling of CsA-treated-thymocytes with propidium iodide (PI) showed an increase in the number of apoptotic nuclei compared to untreated thymocytes. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific to particular thymocyte subsets showed that CsA induces a decrease in the relative number of immature double positive (DP) CD4+CD8+ thymocytes in direct proportion to the concentration of CsA. No significant changes were observed in mature single positive (SP) CD4+CD8-and CD8+CD4-cells. Moreover, the cell viability of CsA-treated thymocytes was decreased. These results suggest that CsA induces the programmed cell death of thymocytesin vitro. Taken together with our previous study on thein vivoeffect of CsA on mouse thymus and thymocytes, the present study confirms that, in addition to its effect on the thymic epithelium, CsA acts directly on thymocytes by inducing their programmed cell death. We postulate that immature DP thymocytes are the most likely targets of CsA.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979409019739

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of interferon-alpha2b treatment on activated T lymphocytes -T cells expressing interleukin-2 receptors -(IL-2R) was studied in IS patients with chronic active hepatitis B. Blood samples were taken before, on the 2nd, 4th and 5th month of treatment. Patients were divided in 3 groups according to their response to therapy(complete, partial, no response). At the end of treatment, IL-2R+ cells were decreased in the group of patients with complete response, unchanged in patients with partial response and increased in patients with no response. These results confirm the immunomodulatory effect of interferon and reflect the effect of treatment in the management of the disease.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979409019740

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractWe examined the adjuvant activity of theBifidobacterialCell Wall preparation (WPG) forin vivoimmune responses in mice. We studied three classical immune responses, which are thought to be T-cell mediated responses, to evaluate the adjuvant activity of WPG. the delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses of sheep blood red cell (SRBC)-sensitized mice were significantly augmented by WPG, although the enhancement varied with the timing, route and dosage of injection. the adjuvant activity of WPG was also confirmed by using a glutaraldehyde treated-and Concanavalin A associated-tumor vaccine (G-Con A tumor vaccine) system. BALB/c mice sensitized with G-Con A tumor vaccine and WPG improved synergistically in survival time and cure rate compared with those given G-Con A vaccine alone. Spleen cells of Meth A tumor-bearing mice induced antitumor neutralizing activity with the growth of tumor but the activity declined and disappeared at the late stage of tumor growth (over 28 days after tumor transplantation). On the other hand, antitumor neutralizing immunity was prolonged for as long as 33 days in mice inoculated with Meth A tumor and WPG. the requirement of a T-cell subpopulation in the spleen cells of tumor plus WPG treated mice was confirmed using anti-Thy 1.2 antiserum + complement to deplete them.The adjuvant activities of theBifidobacterialcell wall demonstrated by thein vivoimmune responses predict thatBifidobacteriamay play a role as an immunomodulator in human and animal intestines.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979409019741

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe effects of catecholamines (CA) on various chicken macrophage functions were examined. Macrophage monolayers were exposed to. 01,. 1,. 25, 1, 2, and 5 (μg/mL of dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) for 1 hr. All CA were toxic for macrophages at 1 -5μg dose range resulting in 25-50% cell death. All CA at the. 1 and. 25μg/mL level increasedE. coliand sheep red blood cells (SRBC) phagocytosis by macrophages. the percentage of Fc-receptor positive macrophages increased after CA exposure. Prolonged exposure of macrophages (3 hr) reduced SRBC phagocytosis by DA-treated but not in NE-and E-treated macrophages. However, after 1 hr exposure and 3 hr recovery period, CA-induced changes were reversed in all but DA-treated cultures. Apomorphine and metoclopromide blocked DA whereas propranolol blocked NE and E effects suggesting specificity of the observed effects via catecholaminergic receptors on chicken macrophages. Dopamine and NE (.25μg/mL) did not affect but E exposure enhanced LPS-induced tumoricidal factor production. These findings suggest that CA modulate chicken macrophage effector functions.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979409019742

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractInhalation of beryllium (Be) may result in an immune-mediated, chronic granulomatous pulmonary disorder known as chronic beryllium disease (CBD). the physicochemical form of Be may affect the incidence and severity of CBD. We exposed cynomolgus monkeys, by bronchoscopic, intrabronchiolar instillation, to either beryllium oxide (BeO; heat-treated at 500°C) or Be metal at concentrations selected to achieve equimolar concentrations of available Be2+ions dissolving from the particles. Monkeys underwent bronchoalveolar lavage of the right and left diaphragmatic lobes at 14, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days post exposure (dpe). Monkeys were sacrificed at 80 and 180 dpe for evaluation of histopathological pulmonary changes. Numbers of lymphocytes from lung lobes of Be metal-exposed, but not BeO-exposed, monkeys were increased at 14, 30 and 90 dpe. Lung lymphocytes were increased for BeO exposed monkeys only at 60 dpe.In vitro, Be-specific, lung lymphocyte proliferation occurred at 14, 60, and 90 dpe for lymphocytes from Be metal-exposed lung lobes only. At no time were values from BeO-exposed lung lobes different from values from control lobes. Lung lesions in Be metal-exposed monkeys were characterized by focally intense, interstitial fibrosis, marked Type II cell hyperplasia, and variable lymphocyte infiltration. Some Be-metal-exposed monkeys had discrete immune granulomas consisting of tightly organized lymphocytic cuffs surrounding nodular aggregates of epithelioid macrophages. Lesions were rarely present in BeO-exposed monkeys and were much less severe. These data suggest that Be metal produces more severe pulmonary lesions than does BeO and that these lesions are accompanied by Be-specific immune responses.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979409019743

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA marked dose dependent reduction in thymus weight and its nucleated cell counts with histological alterations was observed in rats exposed to oral dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTL) for 2 weeks at 2, 4, 8 or 16 mg/kg body weight. the incorporation of [3H]-inositol into all the three major phosphoinositides was drastically reduced in thymocytes in a dose dependent manner. Furthermore, the basal and the mitogen (Con A) stimulated (3H]-inositol phosphates generation was diminished significantly in 8 mg DBTL group. However,in vitroincubation of DBTL with thymocytes failed to evoke any change in phosphoinositide hydrolysis. Similarly, a time and dose dependent inhibition in phosphoinositide synthesis with as high as 80% by 10 uM DBTL was exhibited underin vitroconditions. A 130% and 600% enhancement of protein kinase C (PKC) activity in thymocytes was seen in 4 mg and 8 mg DBTL group. respectively. Addition of DBTL to the cell free assay system of thymocytes resulted in a concentration dependent activation of the enzyme activity. A dose dependent increase in intracellular calcium was also evident when DBTL was added to thymocytes underin vitroconditions. These results are of significance and may bear close relationship to the observed thymic atrophy by DBTL.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979409019744

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThirty two anergic patients with chronic brucellosis treated with a)interferon-alpha2b(group 1), b)levamisole (group 2) and c)conventional therapy(group 3) were studied. the effect of treatment on T lymphocyte blast formation in the presence of PHA, specific cell mediated immunity against brucella antigens, titers of brucella antibodies and clinical symptoms were evaluated T lymphocyte blast formation was shown to range in normal levels in all patients before treatment compared to 10 normal controls suggesting against a generalized impairment of cell mediated immunity. Titers of brucella antibodies were significantly decreased in group 1, almost significantly in group 2 and were significantly increased in group 3 at the end of treatment. A significant improvement of symptoms as well as production of leukocyte migration inhibition against brucella antigens were noted in both groups 1 and 2, in contrast to group 3. This response to treatment was however greater in group 1. These findings demonstrate that immunotherapy resulted in both clinical and immunological improvement and that interferon seems to be a more promising therapeutic approach of chronic brucellosis.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979409019745

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor