ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979409007097

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractWe have previously shown that a mitogenic fraction (PH-I) separated from Pseudostellaria heterophylla (P. heterophylla) could act as a priming agent for the release of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in mice. In the present study, PH-I was further purified by gel filtration chromatography and the resulting three fractions (PH-I A, PH-I B and PH-I C) were assessed for the induction of TNF-α, interleukin-1-α(IL-1-α) and IL-1-ßgene expression in mice by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction. It was found that fraction PH-I C from P. heterophylla was the most potent priming fraction among the three fractions for the induction of TNF-αin serum and the TNF-αmRNA in murine macrophages. Moreover, all three fractions were found to increase the expression of IL-1-αmRNA while PH-I C showed the most potent activating effect on the expression of IL-1-ßmRNA.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979409007098

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractWe investigated the in vivo effect of cyclosporin A (CsA) on mouse thymus and thymocytes. Administration of CsA (10 mg/kg of body weight) was found to induce a marked reduction in the size, weight and consistency of the thymus. These modifications were associated with thymic reticulo-epithelial cells (TREC) and thymocyte damage. Some of the damaged thymocytes displayed characteristic of cells undergoing apoptosis. Ultrastructural study of thymocytes and thymic tissue, as well as DNA electrophoresis of thymocytes, showed chromatin condensation, cellular shrinkage, and nuclear fragmentation in oligonucleosomal fragments. DNA labeling with propidium iodide (PI) of thymocytes from CsA treated mice cultured for 24 hrs showed an increased number of apoptotic nuclei. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific for thymocyte subsets confirmed that CsA induces a large decrease in the relative number of mature single positive (SP) CD4±CD8- and CD8±CD4-thymocytes expressing high densities of CD3 and T cell receptor ab (TCRαβ) surface molecules, but also a decrease in the absolute number of the other thymocyte subsets. These results suggest that CsA causes macroscopic and ultrastructural modifications of the thymus, associated with an active process of cell death in mouse thymocytes in vivo. In line with these results we formulate a hypothesis concerning the stage of T-cell development at which CsA induces apoptosis.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979409007099

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA whole blood lymphocyte proliferation assay was compared to a standard method requiring the isolation of lymphocytes from blood. Both methods were used to measure inhibition of proliferative responses of phytohaemagglutinin (PHA1)-stimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes by tacrolimus (FK 5061), cyclosporine A (CsA1), rapamycin (RA1), dexamethasone (DEX1), prednisolone (PR1), and methylprednisolone (MP1). Three of the drugs studied (FK 506, CsA, and DEX) yielded similar IC50values with both methods. The whole blood proliferation assay produced modestly lower IC50values for RA, PR and MP. The whole blood lymphocyte proliferation method is simple and can be used when only limited volumes of blood can be obtained or isolation of cells gives unsatisfactory yields.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979409007100

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractIn this work we studied the effect of Prothymosinα(ProTα) and other thymic factors on the expression of Thy 1.2 antigen (a T-cell marker) and the activities of adenosine deaminase (ADA, E.C. 3.5.4.4), N-acetyl-ß-D-glucosaminidase (NABG, E.C. 3.2,1.30),ß-glucuronidase (BG, E.C. 3.1.1.1) and serine-esterase (SE, E.C. 3.4.21)., the levels of which change during the T-cell differentiation process among small thymocytes obtained from C57BL/6 mice. Incubation of small thymocytes in the presence of ProTα, Thymus Extracts (TE) or supernatants prepared from thymic stromal cells (TSCS) or thymocytes (TS) reduced the proportion of cells killed by anti-Thy 1.2 monoclonal antibodies but did not affect the enzymatic activities studied. This is the first evidence that ProTαaffects Thy 1.2 expression in vitro.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979409007101

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe biological and molecular properties of a new formulation of Amphotericin B complexed with the surfactant paImitoyl mannose were studied in in vitro as well as in in vivo situations. The properties analyzed include toxicity towards two types of mammalian cells and four fungi strains, effect on macrophage activity, inflammatory properties, acute toxicity in mice and spectral behavior in presence of foetal calf serum or 6% propanol. The results demonstrate that, in presence of palmitoyl mannose, the cytotoxicity of AmB is decreased towards both, fungal and mammalian cells while its fungistatic potential is increased, its inflammatory properties are conserved and its acute toxicity is significantly diminished. These effects can be potentially explained by the formation of a complex between AmB and the sugar ester that impedes the interaction of the drug with either serum components or cell membrane constituents. The overall properties of AmB in the complex would be expected to favor an increase in the immunoadjuvant properties of the drug, a more localized inflammation during fungal infection and consequently a better therapeutic efficiency.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979409007102

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractIt is not known if onieprazole possesses any action on immune system. Therefore, we examined the effect of oineprazole on parameters of cellular immunity [T-cell subsets-CD3±, CD4±, CD8±- and HLA-DR expression on peripheral blood lyniphocytes (PBLs)] and on function of peripheral blood monocyte-macrophages (PBMMs) [random migration (RM), directed migration (DM), phagocytosis index (P-I) and HLA-DR expression]in 13 duodenal ulcer patients before and during 3-mo omeprazole treatment. The number of T-cell subsets varied at pretreatment values (p>0.05), whereas the percentage of HLA-DR positive PBLs increased significantly after 3-mo therapy (p<0.001). On the other hand, all studied parameters concerning PBMMs (RM, DM, P-I and HLA-DR expression) increased significantly after 3-mo therapy (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.003, p<0.001, respectively vs. baseline values).In conclusion, oineprazole exerts an immunopotentiating effect on functions of PBMMs and may also influence T-cell function. These effects can be considered as an advantage of omeprazole in long-term treated patients with peptic ulcer disease.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979409007103

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Abstractlntracellular pathogens have evolved effective mechanisms in order to survive in an intracellular environment, thus avoiding destruction by phagocytic cells. In this regard, a correlation between resistance to phagocytic killing and expression of pathogenic potency has been established.In this report, we have studied the interaction between human polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and two gram-negative microorganisms, Afipia felis and Rochalimaea henselae, which belong to theα-2 subgroup of the class Proteobacteria. A. felis has been previously proposed as the causative agent of Cat Scratch Disease (CSD), but several recent lines of evidence attribute a major role to R. henselae. Of note, CSD is a syndrome characterized by a chronic lymphoadenopathy, involving macrophages and endothelial cells with a progression towards a granulomatous process and/or angiogenesis.Since members of theα-2 subgroup of Proteobacteria have the property to survive intracellularly, we have evaluated the effects exerted by A. felis and R.henselae on human PMN in terms of chemotaxis locomotion, degranulation and oxidative metabolism. Results will show an impairment of PMN activities as a consequence of the challenge with both microrganisms. In particular, inhibition of PMN oxidative function occurred either as result of a direct exposure to both A.felis and R. henselae or when PMN were primed by bacteria for the N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine enhancement of the oxidative burst.These findings may account for the ability of A. felis and R. henselae to survive within PMN as expression of a further mechanism of pathogenic potency, influencing also the nature and the evolution of inflammatory response in the lesion sites.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979409007104

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractMet-enkephalin (ME) in the range of concentrations 10−15M to 10−9M has exhibited an immunomodulating effect on concanavalin A (Con A) induced proliferation of mice lymphocytes from lymph nodes in vitro. The effect of ME was shown to vary with the stage of lymphocyte activation and to depend on the mitogen dose. In the case that ME and Con A were injected simultaneously, at the zero time of proliferation, maximum inhibition was observed on the first and fourth days. In an other set of experiments when ME was added at intervals of 4 hours before measuring the proliferation response value, both inhibition (after 24 hours of proliferation) and stimulation (after 28 and 96 hours) were observed. Opioid ligands of various classes were found to act in the same manner as ME. Naloxone was shown to block the immunomodulating effect of opioids.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979409007105

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor