摘要:

AbstractLocally advanced breast cancer has been treated with a variety of primary treatments with or without adjuvant therapies. This study combines radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery as a multimodal program for Stage III breast cancer. Radiation was started on day 1: 4600 rod were administered to the breast and 4500 rod were administered to the axilla and supraclavicular areas. Chemotherapy was started on day 1 with weekly intravenous injections of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) (300 mg/m2), methotrexate (15 mg/m2), vincristine (0.625 mg/m2), oral Cytoxan (60 mg/m2), and prednisone (30 mg/m2for two weeks, then 20 mg/m2for two weeks, then 10 mg/m2for two weeks). The 5FU, methotrexate, and Cytoxan were given for 10 months post-surgery. This combination of modalities produced a complete remission in all 13 patients with Stage III breast cancer after two months of therapy. The median disease-free period was two years. The median survival was 44 months. This approach to the management of Stage III breast cancer is worthy of further investigation.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908809082114

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractWe designed a double-blind randomized crossover study to compare the antiemetic activity and toxicity of high-dose intravenous alizapride (3.5 mg/kg) versus high-dose intravenous metoclopramide (J mg/kg) both combined with intravenous methylprednisolone in 40 untreated cancer patients submitted to cisplatin chemotherapy alone. The mean number of vomiting episodes (3.6 vs. 1.0), length of vomiting (209.8 vs. 80.9 min), and rate of complete prevention of vomiting (25% vs. 68.4%) at first cycle were in favor of metoclopramide, with a statistically significant difference. This difference was not statistically significant in the second cycle after crossover. Toxicity of both treatments was mild and diarrhea was more frequent in the alizapride-treated patients. Preference expressed by the patients was also in favor of metoclopramide. We conclude that alizapride offers less antiemetic protection than metoclopramide inpatients receiving cisplatin chemotherapy. Further use of alizapride in such patients is not recommended.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908809082115

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractCytosolic and nuclear progesterone receptor levels (RPCRPN) were measured in normal and in pathological human endometria after single-dose progesterone injection 1-3 h before tissue collection (test subjects) and the results compared to those obtained in controls (no progesterone treatment). In test cases of late proliferative or midcycle normal endometria and in estrogen-primed normal postmenopausal endometria, RPNlevels were higher and RPClevels were lower compared with those obtained in control samples. In test cases of postmenopausal pathological endometria, histologically normal endometria of women with postmenopausal bleeding and in one case of endometrial polyp, RPNlevels were also higher and RPClevels lower than those in the respective controls, but the change of distribution of the RP (cytosol/nuclear extract) was significantly lower than in normal endometrium.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908809082116

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractTo evaluate the proteolytic activities of oncogene-transfected 3T3 cells, we have developed a copolymerized substrate electrophoretic assay that permits the detection ofpicogram quantities of proteases produced by cells in culture. Our assay involves a gelatin substrate copolymerized in a polyacrylamide gel. Purified cell membrane preparations were run on gels and various protease activities were detected by amido black. Ras-transfected 3T3 cells appear to have a soluble metal-loprotease that may be transiently membrane bound and responsible for destruction of red blood cells (RBC). Oncogene-transfected NIH-3T3 cells have been demonstrated to have RBC cytolytic activity. We have previously shown that v-src-transfected 3T3 cells and their cell membranes cause RBC cytolysis which is inhibited by the protease inhibitor leupeptin. Here we report that both H-ras- and K-ras-transfected 3T3 cells and their cell membranes are cytolytic for RBC, but are inhibited by the metalloprotease inhibitor ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid. Using the gelatin substrate gel assay, we determined that some of the proteases were intrinsic to the oncogene expressing cells, while other proteases were secreted into the culture growth medium.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908809082117

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractCalmodulin is a ubiquitous calcium-binding protein that mediates many cellular functions through its critical participation in one of the two branches of the calcium messenger system (1,2). Before reviewing the role of calmodulin in cellular proliferation, we will present a brief overview of this second-messenger system.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908809082118

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908809082119

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908809082120

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractInitiation of maximal tumor cell reduction necessitates the use of high-dose conventional cytotoxic agents that cause lethal antiproliferative death of tumor cells. These agents will also cause nonlethal growth arrest in some tumor cells (dependent on the stage of the cell cycle), which may result in differentiation induction with or without terminal cell division, terminal cell division without differentiation, or proliferation without differentiation. These biologic effects of high-dose cytotoxic agents may be amplified by using lower (noncytotoxic) concentrations of the same or similar type agents in combination with agents designed to induce differentiation. This combination of differentiation therapy is given at optimal synergistic levels scheduled in between high-dose cytotoxic therapy at a time when ordinarily, treatment is not administered. One goal of this treatment is to commit a population of tumor cells to terminal cell division. For example, the combination of cytotoxic agents (mitomycin, radiation) to disturb DNA synthesis with a chemical differentiation inducer (HMBA) is synergistic for the induction of differentiation and terminal cell division of some leukemia cells. The work of Oishi and co-workers, who have identified two cytoplasmic differentiation factors, provides the biochemical basis for this observation.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908809082121

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractBreast cancer continues to represent a major threat to the American woman despite two decades of improved early detection methods, better chemotherapy, major advances in understanding and usefulness of prognostic factors, a clearer concept of the risk/benefit ratios in therapy, and a more fully informed public as a result of a vast application of public education and communication. Approximately 41,000 women will die of breast cancer this year in the United States. One out of 11 American women are faced with this scourge in their lifetime. The annual death rate now seems to be rising after several years of a slight decline. The anticipated rise is fully described in Public Health Service releases published in theNew York Timesrecently. In Denmark, a current study indicates that about25%of all Danish women can be expected to manifest carcinoma in situ in their lifetimes. This kind of data can probably be replicated in the United States, which has the highest overall breast cancer rate in the world. Japanese women residing in Japan show one quarter of the incidence of the rates in the United States, but their sisters who grow up in our country now show an incidence almost equal to that of American women. The uneven distribution of incidence rates in the United States is notorious, with affluent urban and surburban areas showing the highest rates especially here in New York and on Long Island. Among ten million women in the Greater New York metropolitan area, about 20,000 above the age of 40 could be identified as likely to develop breast cancer at twice the normal rate.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908809082122

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe National Cancer Institute has stated its goal for the year 2000 to decrease the death rate from malignancy by 50%. Since cancer of the breast is one of the most common malignancies in the United States, it, along with cancer of the lung and colon, is a prime target for prevention efforts.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908809082123

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor