摘要:

AbstractThe ability of interferon to induce alterations in the surface morphology of malignant B cells from 4 patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL) was investigated under scanning electron microscopy. Peripheral blood hair). cells showed the same surface features as those isolated from spleens involved with HCL, and constantly exhibited both ruffles and microvilli. Cultured hain, cells displayed extreme polarization of their surface microprojections, and very active surfaces with elongated microvilli and broad-based ruffles were evident. All 4 cases of HCL were treated with recombinant human leukocyte interferon in vitro, and one-third of the HCs from 3 cases displayed deformed surfaces with“bubbling”membrane and altered microprojections. Most of these IFN-treated hairy cells appeared to be larger in size compared to the untreated control cells, and frequently showed a villous bud-like formation at their extremity. The possibility that these unique surface alterations reflect IFN-induced changes in the cytoskeletal proteins and/or membrane components is discussed in light of the clinical efficacy of in vivo IFN treatment in HCL.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908709032896

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractWe have conducted a prospective study of 441 patients, to investigate the utility of a new tumor marker CA 19–9 for the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with cancer of the gastrointestinal tract (93 patients with colorectal carcinoma, 57 with carcinoma of the stomach, 10 with esophageal carcinoma, 45 with malignancies outside the gastrointestinal tract, and 236 with benign general surgical disease). Results were compared to those obtained for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the diagnosis of carcinoma of the stomach and colon/rectum. CEA is more sensitive than CA 19–9 in all stages of carcinoma of the stomach and colon/rectum. During treatments of gastrointestinal carcinomas, CEA and CA 19–9 were determined at the same time in 66 and 165 patients with surgically treated carcinoma of the stomach and colorectal carcinoma, respectively. It was noted that CEA is more sensitive than CA 19–9 in detecting recurrence. However, CA 19–9 is more specific. The best results were obtained when both markers were used together.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908709032897

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe KHT sarcoma in C3H mice was exposed to a total dose of 3000 cGy x-irradiation delivered in three equal fractions at intervals of either 48, 72, or 96 hr. The dose rate was high, 212 cGy/min or low, 19 cGy/min. The effect of hyperthermia, 42.5°C for 30 minutes, was determined by inducing the hyperthermia using either water or ultrasound. For radiation alone at high dose rate, tumor control was maximum at a fraction interval of 96 hr. At low dose rate, local tumor control was not influenced by fractionation interval and was not different from the maximum tumor control achieved at high dose rate. Hyperthermia alone was ineffective for tumor control. When high dose rate irradiation and hyperthermia were combined, thermal enhancement was highest at fractionation intervals of less than 96 hr where the effects or irradiation alone were least. At low dose rate, the thermal enhancement was independent of fractionation interval. Only for irradiation at high dose rate was the ultrasound-induced hyperthennia more effective at potentiating the radiation than water bath-induced hyperthermia. A possible explanation for the interaction of the dose rate effect with fractionation and hyperthermia is proposed.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908709032898

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA subline of human colon carcinoma cells (WiDr/R) resistant to the cytotoxic effects of mitoxantrone in vitro, was developed by continuous exposure to increasing concentrations of drug. After 16 culture passages in the presence of mitoxantrone, a cell population emerged which was 30–40 times more resistant to the cytolytic effect of mitoxantrone than the mitoxantrone-sensitive parent (WiDr/S) line. Resistance to mitoxantrone was retained by WiDr/R cells propagated for more than 40 cell generations in mitoxantrone-free medium. Decreased drug sensitivity was strongly associated with reduced intracellular accumulation of mitoxantrone. Moderate differences in drug retention by sensitive and resistant cells were demonstrated. However, decreased uptake due to alterations at the cell membrane which impair transport of drug into the cell, reducing interaction with DNA, appears to be the principal basis of resistance in these cells.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908709032899

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA new method for detecting bloodborne TMT-081 rat mammary tumor cells in buffy coat has revealed dose-dependent variations in the latency period after inoculation of tumor cells, the concentration of circulating tumor cells, and the incidence of metastases. Cells isolated from buffy coat of right ventricular blood were more tumorigenic than tryptically dispersed cells from solid tumors. With the new method circulating tumor cells can be detected at concentrations as Low as 3 cells/μl of buffy coat, or approximately 60 cells/ml of whole blood. The morphologic and ultrastructural features of the primary tumor were generally retained in both the circulating and tryptically dispersed cells, us shown by light and electron microscopy. A sparse distribution of intermediate filaments was revealed by high-voltage electron microscopy, although the filaments were not evident in conventional transmission electron micrographs. They were identified as keratin by immunofluorescence studies.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908709032900

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractTo study the biological characteristics of 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumors in rats, 20 Sprague Dawley female rats received a single oral dose of 5 mg of this carcinogen. During the 35-week observation time 78 primary tumors were removed. While in most cases the primary tumor could be removed completely, 7 out of 20 animals eventually had to be sacrificed for inoperable local recurrence of the primary tumor. Notwithstanding, the long period of time given for tumor metastases to develop (mean time between tumor removal and termination was 18.5 weeks), tumor spread either to lungs or regional lymph nodes could not be established. This relatively benign behavior of the tumor was in contrast with the morphological characteristics of the tumor, which uniformly showed the features of adenocarcinomas. The difference in biological behavior between DMBA-induced mammary tumors in rats and malignant mammary tumors in humans suggests that as a model this system is of limited value for investigations of mechanisms of malignant behavior of human tumors.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908709032901

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractHuman lymphocytes obtained from regional draining lymph nodes of patients with cancers of the cervix, kidney, prostate, and vulva were immortalized by polyethylene glycol-mediated somatic cell hybridization with either human UC 729–6 or murine P3-NS-1-Ag4–1. Four reactive human IgM-secreting hybridomas, termed CLNH5, MHG7, VLN1H12, and WLNA67 were isolated and characterized, Hybrids obtained by fusions with UC 729–6 have remained tetraploid for over 18 months, have doubling times from 25–35 hours, and have continuously secreted approximately 0.5–5.0μg IgM/106cells/ml per day. MHG7, a mouse-human hybrid, required subcloning every 4–6 months to maintain human IgM secretion. Binding of these human monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) against a panel of cell lines was assessed by an enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA). CLNH5 reacted with carcinomas of the cervix, lung, and vulva. MHG7 reacted with carcinomas of the prostate, stomach, and vulva. VLN1H12 reacted with carcinomas of the cervix, lung, prostate, stomach, and vulva. WLNA6 reacted strongly with a carcinoma of the lung. All four human MoAbs failed to react by EIA with hematopoietic cells or normal fibroblast cell lines. The data suggest that regional draining lymph nodes of cancer patients have been primed to produce antibodies against antigens associated with tumor cells and that UC 729–6 served as a genetically suitable vector for the capture and immortalization of these Ig-secreting B lymphocytes.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908709032902

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908709032903

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractInterim analyses are those that occur before the scheduled completion of a clinical study. The motivation for such analyses may be to see whether conclusive evidence is available concerning the aims of the study, or it may be simple curiosity. Statisticians disagree about the impact that interim analyses have on inferences that can be drawn from the study. The significance testing view insists that conclusions from a study with interim analyses are different than from one without—even though the data are identical. In the Bayesian view there is no penalty for interim analyses: study results can even be monitored continually without changing the conclusions. Both views are explained and recommendations for designing and analyzing studies with interim analyses are made.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908709032904

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908709032905

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor