摘要:

AbstractTwenty patients with previously untreated nasopharyngeal tumors received, as initial treatment, two courses of Schedule A chemotherapy including vincristine, 5-fluorouracil, bleomycin, hydrocortisone, methotrexate, and a folinic acid rescue, prior to definitive radiotherapy. Thirteen patients had Stage IV and seven had Stage III tumors, with nodai involvement in 18 patients (90%). Response to mo courses of Schedule A chemotherapy was assessed on day 28, and overall, 18 patients responded. Side effects were minimal. Following radiotherapy 17patients achieved a clinical complete remission. Durations of response ranged from 6 to 95 + months (median 40 months) and of survival from 8 to 95+ months (median 53 months). This chemotherapy protocol should be more widely evaluated as initial treatment in nasopharyngeal carcinomas since the 90% chemotherapy response rate and, after radiotherapy, 85 % clinical complete remission rate was accomplished with minimal toxicity and interference with patients' quality of life and resulted in median overall survival figures of approximately four years.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908709020310

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe interaction of 5-fluorouracil and cyclophosphamide in the treatment of L1 210 and P388 leukemias was studied using response surface methodology. Single dose treatment of each drug was administered simultaneously or with a 24-hr interval between 5-fluorouracil and cyclophosphamide to the advanced tumors or at various times after L1210 inoculation. While at low doses the action of the combination of the two drugs was greater than expected, there was no therapeutic synergism if the drugs were given together (optimum doses cylclophosphamide 366 mg/kg and 364 mg/kg, respectively, in advanced L1210 and P388 leukemias) or in the early tumor when cyclophosphamide was given 24 hours after 5-fluorouracil. In the advanced tumor, using the regimen employing a 24-hr interval between drugs, therapeutic synergism could be demonstrated (optimum doses 5-fluorouracil 130 mg/kg followed by cyclophosphumide 248 mg/kg in advanced L1210 leukemia and 5-fluorouracil 110 mg/kg followed by cyclophosphamide 263 mg/kg in advanced P388 leukemia). The evidence generated suggested that improved therapy could be found in two separate regions of the treatment space, raising the possibility of more than one mechanism of drug interaction. The location of the optimal treatment depended on the tumor burden at the time treatment was initiated. A shift from one region to the other occurred after 4–6 days of tumor growth when the original inoculum was lo5i.p. L1210 cells. Another more obvious conclusion that can be drawn is that treatment was less effective as the tumor became more advanced. The notion that different tumor stages may require different ratios of drugs in a clinically useful combination should receive attention.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908709020311

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractHistorically, vinblastine given by intravenous bolus injection has not been an effective treatment for non-Hodgkin's lymphomas; vincristine has displayed greater activity. Also, vinblastine has generally been considered to be cross-resistant with vincristine in such patients. In an attempt to overcome these obstacles, a protracted infusion of vinblastine was administered (0.5–1.5 mg/m2per day for 5 days) and repeated every 3 weeks. Partial responses were observed in 4 of 29 (14%) patients with a variety of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma lasting 2.4, 2.4, 5.5, and 9.0 months. Just prior to treatment the responding patients had received and eventually become refractory to vincristine. These data show a lack of total cross-resistance between vinblastine and vincristine which might have important therapeutic implications in this disease.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908709020312

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractTwo similar techniques of red cell depletion of blood group-incompatible marrow prior to bone marrow transplantation were compared in 8 patients. me first method involved a single sedimentation step and removed a mean of 91% of marrow red cells and 33% of marrow nucleated cells. me second method involved multiple sedimentation steps and removed a mean of 96% of red cells and 29% of nucleated cells. Both methods can be recommended to a transfusion service newly involved in a bone marrow transplantation program.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908709020313

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractAn undifferentiated human colon carcinoma cell line was established from tumor tissue obtained from metastasis to the liver of colonic adenocarcinoma in a patient with fulminant Dukes D colorectal carcinoma. Histological analysis of the tumor biopsy from the liver confirmed the hospital pathology report of poorly differentiated colonic adenocarcinoma. Explants of this tumor tissue xenografted into a nude mouse were used to establish an epithelioid-like cell culture line, MIP-101. The cell line formed tumors in nude mice that hisologically appeared undifferentiated and did not stain for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). No CEA was present either by radio-immunoassay (RIA) of the culture supernatant or by immunoperoxidase staining of the tumors or monolayers. MIP-101 appears to be one of the most undifferentiated human colon carcinoma cells lines available. It should prove useful in the search for markers of undifferentiated colonic cancer and in studies of colonic cancer differentiation.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908709020314

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractUridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine: lysosomal enzyme precursor N-acetyl-glucosamine-1-phosphate transferase, is a key enzyme involved in the intracellular targeting of lysosomal enzymes. This enzyme is elevated fourfold in primary ovarian tumor microsomes with respect to normal ovarian microsomes. This elevation is associated with significant increases in the specific activity of multiple lysosomal hydrolases, includingβ-D-hexasaminidase,α-L-fucosidase, andβ-D-galactosidase. The activity of the phosphotransferase was also documented in several cell lines derived from human tumors. The possible role of this enzyme in tumor-associated phosphorylation is discussed.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908709020315

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractSelf-consistent (Hartree-Fock) calculations of the process of decomposition of protonated and lithiated syn-N-nitrosourea show that the presence of cations perturbs the electron distribution significantly. The decomposition of nitrosourea is facilitated when a proton or lithium ion is positioned at the oxygen of the nitroso group. These results may suggest clinical experimentation with nitrosoureas used in conjunction with lithium salts.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908709020316

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractHere we have demonstrated that transformation of human skin fibroblasts (SF) by the Kirsten murine sarcoma virus (KiMSV) is Associated with their neodifferentiation into preadipose cells. Hydrocortisone (HC) and dexamethasone (DX) promoted the transformation/neodifferentiation of preadipocytes into mature fat cells. The effects of HC on the expression of adipocyte-containing foci (ACF) and on the total number of transformed foci (TTF) present in KiMSV-treated SF cultures were optimal at a concentration of about 500 ng/ml, or 1.25×10−-6M. At this concentration of HC, the occurrence of ACF varied between 25 and up to 100% of the TTF formed in virus-treated cell cultures. In contrast, equimolar concentrations of estrogenic, androgenic, or progestational steroids inhibited ACF formation. The continued presence of HC post virus inoculation was necessary to effect optimal adipocytic conversion in KiMSV-treated cultures. Moreover, cell cultures that were“primed”with HC for up to 25 days or more prior to virus inoculation showed a further increase of ITF and of ACF at 14–21 days postinoculation. It is likely that the rasoncogene and HC can effect transformation/neodifferentiation of cells in a variety of normal or diseased human tissues de novo.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908709020317

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis review of biological markers of breast carcinoma has summarized a fairly representative series of studies pertaining to endocrine, carcinoembryonic, tissue-associated, serologic, biochemical, and specific tumor markers, with attention to some of the contributions from genetic engineering techniques applied to this research area. It is meant to be a helpful review with two purposes: those involved in research or clinical studies of breast cancer may wish to use this review as a basis for adding additional references in each category and to refer to the references provided for further study, thought, and synthesis of the data, perhaps to stimulate new Associations between pertinent facts; those involved in the general scientific or clinical fields may wish to use it as an overview of biological markers pertaining to a particular form of cancer and perhaps this review will permit faster, more easily asscessible synthesis of data, and a better understanding of a variety of parameters which are Associated with breast cancer diseases.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908709020318

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis article reviews the recent studies reporting the applications of immunocytochemistry to diagnostic problems in clinical cytology. A series of studies with monoclonal antibody (MAb) B72.3 is discussed in detail. MA6 B72.3, reactive with a high molecular weight, glycoprotein, tumor-Associated antigen, designated TAG-72, has been shown previously to be reactive with formalin-fixed, parafin-embedded tissue sections of adenocarcinomas of the ovary, colon, and breast, but not a variety of normal adult tissues. It has demonstrated utility as an immunocytochemical adjunct to diagnose carcinoma in cell block and cytocentrifuge preparations of human serous effusions, with selective reactivity for tumor cells (particularly adenocarcinomu) over reactive mesothelium. Using the avidin-biotin complex (ABC) method of immuno-peroxidase staining and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cell suspensions, MAb B72.3 detected tumor cells in effusions from the majority of patients with adenocarcinoma of the breast. No reactivity was demonstrated in any cell type in benign effisions. In conrrast, MAb 872.3 showed no reactivity to leukemic or lymphomutous effusions, or to mesothelial cells from malignant effusions. MAb B72.3 also detected tumor cells in emion specimens from most of the patients with“non-small cell”carcinoma of the lung and with carcinoma of the ovary. MA6 B72.3 was also used with fine-needle aspiration biopsies (FNABs) and corresponding surgically excised tumors to determine cellular reactivity. Positive staining with MA6 B72.3 was observed in needle aspirates of the great majority of“non-small cell”carcinomas of the lung, adenocarcinomas of the breast, adenocarcinomas of the colon, and carcinomas from other body sites. In contrast, small cell carcinomas of the lung, malignant melanomas, lymphomas, sarcomas, and glial tumors stained negatively with the antibody. Most benign lesions from the breast, lung, pancreas, parotid, and thyroid also showed no staining. In many patients, tumor-bearing tissue had also been resected and was available for comparative examination with MAb 8723. In more than 90% of these patients, the staining patterns of tumor cells in the aspirates were found to be predictive of the patterns of antibody reactivity in the comparable surgically resected tumors. From these studies it is concluded that MAb B72.3 defines a tumor-Associated antigen that is expressed in neoplastic cells versus benign cells, is most selectively expressed in carcinomas, and may be used as a novel adjunct for the diagnosis of neoplasms in effusions and in FNABs.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357908709020319

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor