摘要:

The toxicity and marginal effectiveness of cytotoxic chemotherapy in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) necessitates the search for new agents. Preliminary data in lung cancer and other malignant and premalignant disorders have identified retinoid compounds as potentially useful antitumor agents. Twenty-eight patients with metastatic NSCLC were treated with oral all-trans retinoic acid in a phase II trial. The study population consisted of patients with excellent performance status and minimal weight loss. Toxicities were generally mild and included cutaneous effects, headache, and myalgia. A significant number of patients developed elevations of hepatic transaminases or hyperlipidemia and 3 patients had treatment-related leukocytosis. Two patients (8%) achieved a partial response, and I had a mixed response. The duration of remission in the 2 responders was 7 and 13 months and the median survival of all patients 7 months. Therefore, all-trans retinoic acid has minimal activity as a single agent in NSCLC but warrants further study in combination with biological agents and chemotherapy.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357909609018898

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The occurrence of increased circulating immune complexes (CIC) in sera of patients with esophageal cancer and their usefulness for diagnosis and prognosis have not been demonstrated. Circulating acute-phase proteins (APP) related to esophageal cancer have been described but without any association with CIC. This is a study to measure CIC, C-reactive protein (CRP), andα1--acidic glycoprotein (AAG) in pretreatment esophageal cancer sera and to analyze the presence of both APP associated with these CIC. Increased CIC levels were found in 57% of sera from esophageal cancer patients; elevated CRP was detected in 87% and AAG in 47%. Western blot analysis showed the presence of CRP and AAG in CIC-derived fractions. We conclude that: (1) CIC, CRP, and AAG are elevated in esophageal cancer sera; (2) they may be considered possible useful clinical parameters in pretreatment esophageal cancer patients; (3) these APPs appear in CIC precipitates and may possibly be involved in their composition.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357909609018899

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

We investigated mechanisms underlying lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell cytotoxicity in terms of intensity of expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and lymphocyte-function-associated antigen-3 (LFA-3) on Daudi and KATO-III cells treated with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (CDDP) and mitomycin-C (MMC). Enhancement (mean, 49.8%) of ICAM-1 or LFA-3 in mRNA and protein expression on treated tumor cells was found by flow cytometry, slot-blot RNA analysis, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Increases in adhesion and cytotoxicity of LAK cells to treated tumor cells were 10.1% and 17.7%, respectively. Results suggested that increased ICAM-l or LFA-3 expression by low-dose CDDP or MMC binds LAK cells to tumor cells, helping to kill tumor cells. Thus, LAK cell therapy with anticancer agent pretreatment could be useful for treatment of cancer patients.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357909609018900

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In the present study we investigated the ability of several diverse agents to inhibit MDA-231 cell death induced by two different protein synthesis inhibitors, cycloheximide (CHX) and ricin. Cell death was evaluated by several techniques: trypan blue staining, determination of the released lactic dehydrogenase, transmission electron microscopy, and DNA fragmentation. Results from DNA gel electrophoresis and electron microscopy suggest a mechanism of death by apoptosis which terminates in necrosis. Approximately 60% of cell death was induced either by a continuous exposure to 30μg/ml CHX for 48 hr or by a 1-hr exposure to 250pg/ml ricin followed by a subsequent incubation of 48 hr in the absence of the drug. Cell survival, in the protein synthesis-inhibited cells, was enhanced by the following diverse agents: the growth factors EGF (20 ng/ml) and IGF-1 (20 ng/ml), the protein kinase C activator 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (5 ng/ml), the protein kinase A activator 8-bromoadenosine 3′:5′-cyclic monophosphate (650μg/ml), the nuclease inhibitor aurintricarboxylic acid (100μg/ml), and fetal bovine serum (5%). The survival agents that stimulated protein synthesis in the control untreated cells had no effect on the CHX—inhibited protein synthesis, which indicates that new protein synthesis is not required for cell survival. The same survival agents attenuated the continuous decrease in protein synthesis in the ricin-exposed cells; therefore, the involvement of new protein synthesis in the survival mechanism could not be excluded. The protein kinase C inhibitor staurosporine blocked, in a dose-dependent manner, the survival effect of 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate and EGF, but not that of aurintricar-boxyclic acid or fetal bovine serum, in the protein synthesis-inhibited cells. These results provide evidence for several distinctive pathways, the activation of which inhibits MDA-231 cell death induced by protein synthesis inhibitors. Some of these pathways involved activation of protein kinases, probably protein kinase C.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357909609018901

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357909609018902

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357909609018903

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Exposure to asbestos, particularly members of the amphibole subgroup (crocidolite, amosite), is associated with the development of malignant mesothelioma and lung cancer. Although management of asbestos in buildings and increased regulation of asbestos in workplace settings are viable approaches to the prevention of disease, the prognosis of asbestos-associated tumors is generally dismal. Moreover, although a vast amount of information is available on the responses of cells and tissues to fibers, understanding the pathogenesis of asbestos-associated malignancies is hampered by the complexity of and differences between various fiber types. Multiple interactions between components of cigarette smoke and asbestos may be important in the development of lung cancer. In this article, the general properties of asbestos fibers will be discussed with an emphasis on chemical and physical features implicated in tumorigenesis. We will then provide a brief overview of the clinical features and treatment of cancers associated with exposure to asbestos. Finally, we will review recent experimental data providing some insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis by asbestos.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357909609018904

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357909609018905

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Transabdominal lapåotomy is currently the standard approach to the surgical diagnosis and treatment of gynecological malignancies. Despite the fact that laparoscopy has been widely embraced by our gynecological/infertility colleagues for many years, it has only sporadically been utilized by gynecological oncologists. With the advent of video laparoscopy, novel instrumentation, and new techniques, a reevaluation of the applicability of this procedure is certainly in order. To date, laparoscopy has been employed for the performance of a multitude of intra-abdominal procedures. However, universal applicability may not be feasible or in the best interest of all patients with gynecological malignancies. As instrumentation and techniques evolve, it is possible that procedures currently nonamenable to the laparoscopic approach may become so. However, it is wise to approach these new procedures with healthy skepticism, and within the context of proper scientific study. This article summarizes the status of laparoscopic surgery in gynecological oncology.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357909609018906

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Our goal was to evaluate the recurrence patterns and outcomes of a large group of patients with stage I rectal adenocarcinoma treated at a single institution with uniform surgical and pathological techniques. Medical records of 71 patients who had undergone potentially curative surgery were reviewed to determine clinical and histologically significant prognostic factors that could affect survival and recurrence patterns. The median follow-up for all patients was 81 months. Twenty patients had T1N0M0cancers and 51 patients had T2N0M0cancers. The median number of lymph nodes examined per surgical specimen was 32. There were no recurrences in the 20 patients with T1lesions. All 7 recurrences (10%) occurred in patients with T2lesions. Only 2 of these recurrences were local. In the T2group, the 5- and 10-year disease-free survivals were 88% and 83%, respectively. The 5- and 10-year disease-free survival for all state 1 lesions was 91% and 88%, respectively. The overall recurrence rate of 10% does not justify adjuvant therapy for stage 1 rectal adenocarcinoma. Although the subset of patients with T2N0M0distal one-third rectal cancers may be at risk for recurrence, additional prognostic factors are needed to evaluate these patients before adjuvant therapy can be recommended.

ISSN:0735-7907    

DOI:10.3109/07357909609018907

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor