摘要:

Just as medicine often treats symptoms without concern for the whole system, schools break knowledge and experience into subjects, relentlessly turning wholes into parts, flowered into petals, history into events, without ever restoring continuity. (Ferguson, 1980, p. 282)

ISSN:0011-0035    

DOI:10.1002/j.1556-6978.1985.tb00515.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0011-0035    

DOI:10.1002/j.1556-6978.1985.tb00516.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An intense relationship may develop in supervision that is similar in important ways to the treatment relationship. The supervisory relationship provides a model for ethical behavior for the supervisee in addition to being an important adjunct of counseling. Thus, the nature of supervision may have either positive or negative consequences in terms of treatment outcome. The supervisor is accountable for this delicate and complex relationship without the benefit of specific ethical guidelines. The supervisee is in a potentially vulnerable and powerless position without the protection of standards for behavior articulated. Ethical issues involved in supervision are raised in this article for potential resolution by the profession in an effort to protect the supervisor and supervisee and to enhance the quality of supervision.

ISSN:0011-0035    

DOI:10.1002/j.1556-6978.1985.tb00517.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article features a model program of study for entry‐level students pursuing a degree in community‐agency counseling. The authors provide a review of professional literature concerning accreditation and perceived obstacles that may hinder faculty efforts toward pursuing accreditation. The authors address these perceived obstacles by observing that many programs in community‐agency counseling may be close to meeting the accreditation standards as set forth in the American Personnel and Guidance Association's (1979)Standards for Preparation in Counselor Educationand that an interdisciplinary approach in program modification may bring such programs into compliance with accreditation standards. The article features a detailed description of a model program in community‐agency counseling, with specific focus on curriculum organization for core and elective course work, internship placements, and related features. The authors also discuss the impact of program accreditation in student employment opportunities and professional deve

ISSN:0011-0035    

DOI:10.1002/j.1556-6978.1985.tb00518.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A model of the cognitive structures and processes thought to compose the human information‐processing system is presented. Possible difficulties in processing information are discussed because these may contribute to client problems and concerns. Recent work in applying understandings, from human information processing to an elucidation of client change in counseling, is reviewed. Information‐processing models of client‐centered and rational‐emotive counseling are constructed that relate counseling skills and strategies employed in these approaches to hypothesized client cognitive changes. An integrated view of client cognitive change in counseling also is presented. Possible directions for research and theorizing in counseling and counselor education from the perspective of human information processing are mentioned

ISSN:0011-0035    

DOI:10.1002/j.1556-6978.1985.tb00519.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this article is to outline a perspective for memory research in counseling. The primary audiences were graduate students and supervisors of students planning research plus counseling researchers interested in investigating memory issues in counseling. The importance of memory processes in counseling is briefly reviewed. The authors then present a broad perspective for memory research in counseling and levels of processing, and examine a series of hypotheses that are tied into current work in counseling. The overall heuristic of levels of processing is followed by an examination of the reformulations of the position and how these may result in testable counseling hypotheses. This type of thinking should be valuable to counselor educators as they conduct their own research and help their students plan research programs. In addition, there is potential for applications of memory research to training and practice.

ISSN:0011-0035    

DOI:10.1002/j.1556-6978.1985.tb00520.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study addresses limitations of previous research examining the effects of the counselor's use of interpretation on participants' perceptions of counselor expertness. Three factors (interpretation content, degree of interpretation discrepancy, and interpretation type) were crossed in a 2×2×2 factorial design. A main effect for interpretation type (propositional versus semantic interpretation) and an interacton between degree of discrepancy and interpretation type were found. These findings suggest that the relationship between the use of interpretations and perceptions of counselor expertness may be more complex than indicated by earlier researc

ISSN:0011-0035    

DOI:10.1002/j.1556-6978.1985.tb00521.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this study the effects of order of counseling and sex within counseling pairs were analyzed. A total of 51 graduate students, 35 women and 16 men, from introductory counseling classes were randomly assigned, according to their sex, to two levels of sex pairing and ordinal position. Multivariate analyses of variance and analyses of variance indicated that same sex or opposite sex pairing and ordinal position did not influence performances. Women, however, produced more reflection‐of‐feeling responses, and their responses tended to be more accurate than those of men. Also, women in ordinal Position 2 who had male partners in Position 1 outperformed women paired with women in Position 1. Results are discussed in reference to literature on modeling, sex differences, and role‐play pra

ISSN:0011-0035    

DOI:10.1002/j.1556-6978.1985.tb00522.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Is it possible for a beginning counselor to avoid discomfort during counseling sessions? Two primary sources of beginning counselor worries are identified in this article: (a) concern for one's competence as a counselor and a person and (b) worry about the increasing intimacy involved in discussing the emotional life of a client. The effects of trainee discomfort are numerous and often humorous. A catalog of possible humorous responses of beginning counselors is provided, and each response is illustrated with an example. Brief comments on possible ways to deal with counselor discomfort conclude the article.

ISSN:0011-0035    

DOI:10.1002/j.1556-6978.1985.tb00523.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0011-0035    

DOI:10.1002/j.1556-6978.1985.tb00524.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY