摘要:

Compliance with regimens for chronic childhood diseases is often less than optimal. Parental involvement in treatment programs is necessary to insure adequate compliance. However, specific advice to parents about how to help their children comply with treatments is rarely given. This review offers suggestions to practitioners about advising parents how to help their children follow prescribed treatments. These suggestions include helping parents to understand rationales for recommended treatments, providing cues or reminders and behavioral strategies to modify compliance (or noncompliance) behaviors.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868609029851

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A two-part project was undertaken to develop a reliable, valid, and easily administered instrument for measuring parental participation in the care of the hospitalized child. Part I of this project was concerned with identifying parental participation activities. Particular attention was given to establishing the content validity of the activities. Three sources were used to identify the activities: parents of hospitalized children, previous research, and an expert panel,Eleven parental involvement activities were identified through interviews with 24 parents of hospitalized children and through daily diaries of parental activities kept by these same parents. Verification of these activities took place through a review of previous research and submission to a panel of 19 experts.All activities identified through the parents were further validated through previous research and an expert panel. The eleven activities can be categorized according to level of involvement and also according to focus.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868609029852

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Health care professionals are becoming much more aware of the importance of including parents in the care of their child during an illness. Yet one area in which parents need a great deal of support is often overlooked—that of discussing the illness and its effects with the child and the siblings. This study examines how parents communicate with their chronically ill child and his or her siblings about the illness, what difficulties they have encountered and what guidance they have received from health care professionals. Implications of these findings for health care professionals are also discussed.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868609029853

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

“Alteration in bowel elimination”is a common nursing diagnosis of the child with myelomeningocele. This study aims to identify the critical defining characteristics of the diagnosis. A review of literature cites multiple physical and psychosocial factors which cause and define bowel elimination problems. Most of these characteristics are also identified in the study findings. Data collection involved 33 parents of children with myelomeningocele in an outpatient clinic setting. Information was elicited by interview and by questionnaire regarding types of bowel problems encountered in their children, causes and management of bowel problems, and parent attitudes. Of the 28 children with abnormal bowel functioning, the most frequent bowel problems cited were incontinence (67%), diarrhea (64%), and constipation (61%). Most children had experienced three different bowel problems (33%), followed in frequency by two problems (30%), four or more (15%), one (12%), and none (9%). Specific causes of each problem were identified, ranging from decreased activity, to changes in diet, drugs, illness, and deviations from training programs. Parents also provided information on how they dealt with bowel problems. Bowel training techniques, alterations in diet, and use of drugs, as well as behavioral management techniques were described. Results of the attitude survey revealed that parents felt positively about their ability to solve bowel problems in their child. At the same time, they perceived these problems to be important to their child's functioning.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868609029854

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The sexual abuse of children is more prevalent in our society than previously recognized. Pediatric nurses, in a variety of clinical settings, are encountering an increased number of cases of child sexual abuse. The theory of learned helplessness offers a framework from which to view the dynamics of child sexual abuse. Child victims experience feelings of helplessness. The child learns early on in the relationship that he or she is incapable of avoiding the sexual advances of the offender. There is always an unequal relationship between a child and adult, which is exploited during sexual abuse. In 'order to provide appropriate nursing intervention to alleviate the emotional trauma experienced by the child, it is important to understand the underlying dynamics of the relationship and the resultant learned helplessness experienced by the child.An overview of child sexual abuse literature will be presented followed by a discussion of the development of the reformulated learned helplessness theory. Implications of the application of this theory to child victims will be presented, including a discussion of nursing interventions which utilize age-appropriate media.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868609029855

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to determine if there were significant differences in the cognitive dimensions—differentiation, abstractness, and articulation-of illness concepts of school age children and adolescents. A questionnaire was administered to 152 well school age children and adolescents to obtain written concepts of a familiar illness (common cold) and an unfamiliar illness (diabetes). Subjects were 5th, 8th, and 11th graders. Two-way analyses of variance (grade x sex) showed a significant main effect for grade on scores of illness concepts on all cognitive dimensions. With increasing age children's illness concepts were more abstract and articulated.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868609029856

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor