摘要:

The population of families in which a child has a chronic condition is steadily increasing due to technological advances and reduction of residential institutions. These families face a potentially disruptive situation without established support systems. Nurses frequently interact with this population and must assess their needs and plan interventions that support family functioning. A framework for nursing assessment from a generic rather than medical diagnostic perspective is offered in this article. Assessment and intervention strategies for working with these families are proposed.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868409006340

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Much literature is available on children with chronic health problems; however, little attention has been given to the transaction between the individuals' coping strategies, levels of vulnerability, and the support or nonsupport of the environment, which help to determine their adaptation to living with a chronic condition. In this article the behavioral processes needed for coping and adaptation are viewed asa) seeking information,b) maintaining autonomy, andc) utilizing intrapsychic processes. Vulnerability is viewed as a dynamic continuum, affected by both constitutional and acquired factors. Clinical examples illustrate how chronic conditions can affect children's coping strategies and levels of vulnerability and influence their transactions with an environment that may offer varying levels of support.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868409006341

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Families of children with handicapping conditions face both acute and chronic stressors that require continual adjustment. A supportive environment has been found to reduce the impact of stressors. Since the family's social network may be supportive or nonsupportive, an assessment of the family's social support is useful for planning nursing interventions.An analysis of the properties of social networks is included in order to enable a better understanding of the conditions under which support is provided as well as the negative effects of network ties. The Personal Resource Questionnaire and the Norbeck Social Support Questionnaire are discussed as research instruments that provide indicants of network properties. Guidelines for obtaining a comprehensive assessment of the family's support are included.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868409006342

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The nursing care of neonates receiving a prostaglandin E1infusion is described. The effect of prostaglandin E1on the neonate with congenital heart disease is described in relation to the physiologic actions of the drug.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868409006343

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Patient education is an essential part of comprehensive health care. However, there are very few standardized teaching guides or materials for nurses to use for developing educational programs and individual teaching plans. As a result, patient education programs vary considerably and few programs have clear goals with measurable outcomes and a systematic method of evaluation.Hemophilia is a lifelong bleeding disorder. Thorough patient and family education is necessary if the patient is to receive optimal care and learn to function independently. A survey of the hemophilia treatment centers in the United States confirmed that the type and amount of patient and family education provided by hemophilia nurse coordinators varied greatly from center to center and that there was a need for a systematic teaching guide as well as specific teaching materials.This article describes the process used by the National Hemophilia Foundation Nursing Committee to develop theHemophilia Patient/Family Educational Model, a systematic teaching guide for hemophilia care providers. The same process could be used to develop educational models for other chronic diseases.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868409006344

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Preterm infant-parent dyads are disproportionately represented in samples of infants who have failed to thrive and of children who nave been neglected and/or abused. This finding suggests that the effect of prematurity on the interactive process between an infant and parent places the dyad at risk for developing relationship problems. The specifics as to why a premature birth has the potential disruptive effect on a dyadic relationship is examined in this article. The early origins of social interactions for preterm dyads are analyzed with respect toa) important theoretical concepts about dyadic interactive processes,b) characteristics that the preterm infant and parent each bring to bear on the interactive process, and c) early first-year interactive patterns manifested by preterm dyads as compared to full-term dyads. Finally, the implications for nursing research and clinical practice are discussed.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868409006345

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Childhood dermatomyositis is a rare disease; yet when it occurs, it is devastating and frustrating for the child. It is a multisystem disorder with a potentially fatal outcome. The child who acquires and survives this disease is faced with a prolonged convalescent period for 2 or more years. Skilled nursing assessment and interventions are instrumental in minimizing the physical and emotional sequelae.Clinical manifestations include primarily a characteristic skin rash and muscular weakness. Fatal consequences result from cardiac or respiratory compromise or gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Astute recognition of systemic changes is essential for early treatment of complications.Nursing interventions contribute to a favorable outcome. The nurse is challenged by problems of inadequate nutrition, constipation, immobility, pain, skin rash, self-care deficit, and altered growth and development. Discharge planning requires extensive family education, home assessment, and community referrals.This article presents childhood dermatomyositis from a nursing perspective, addressing nursing concerns from initial assessment through discharge. A comprehensive nursing care plan is included.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868409006346

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In this paper the authors describe the amount and nature of fathers' involvement in their children's short-term hospitalization. Fathers (N = 62) of children hospitalized for relatively usual, non-life-threatening reasons were investigated. Data were collected through participant observation and intensive interviews conducted during the child's hospitalization and 4 to 6 weeks after discharge. Half of the fathers rearranged their usual routine to spend time with their child, with most spending a minimum of 2 to 4 hours a day at the hospital. While 76 percent of the fathers reported that the hospitalization did not alter how they carried out their role, a minority (24 percent) indicated that the hospitalization engendered an expansion of their usual role. Men who maintained their usual role emphasized their responsibility to comfort the child and provide routine care; those who expanded their usual role emphasized their responsibility to monitor the child's care and participate in interactions with professional staff. Fathers were more likely to alter their usual routine than their usual role, and all but three men indicated that their involvement was at a preferred level.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868409006347

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper describes how the diet of hospitalized children can be improved by using play that is geared to the developmental level of the child. How the child responds to the stress of hospitalization and ways to alleviate this stress are addressed. Play activities involving food preparation improve the quality of the child's intake and his sense of control. Deterrants to an adequate intake during hospitalization are discussed. Suggestions for improvement of the dietary intake emphasize a team approach. In addition, food items to have available in the unit kitchen and suggestions for simple, but nutritious foods, which the children can prepare are included.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868409006348

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Credentialing in nursing has grown increasingly complicated. Nurses frequently exhibit confusion about terminology, process, and required versus voluntary programs. This article reviews credentialing in health care from both a practical and an historical perspective. Components of credentialing are defined and their application in nursing is briefly discussed. Categories of certification are clarified. Professional certification programs currently available for pediatric and maternal-child health nurses are summarized in detail. Rationale for the increasing popularity of the certification credential are explored.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868409006349

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor