摘要:

Anemia is the most common hematologic disorder found in pediatrics. Anemia may be either acute or chronic. Classification of anemia is based on physiology as well as morphology of the red blood cell and allows for precise diagnosis of the type of anemia and its underlying cause.Anemia is most commonly classified by the size, shape, and color of the red blood cell. Correct diagnosis can usually be established with a thorough history and physical and a few simple laboratory tests. Nurses can play an important role in the early detection, prevention, and treatment of all types of anemias found in children if they possess a current and complete knowledge of the disease process and its treatment.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868309059842

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia in children. It most often occurs in children between the ages of 6 and 36 months of age. Prevention and management of iron deficiency anemia involve an understanding of the body's need for iron and foods that supply adequate amounts of absorbable iron. Iron deficiency anemia is associated with many characteristic laboratory findings. Treatment of iron deficiency anemia with ferrous sulfate is highly successful but must only be given for a limited course. The American Academy of Pediatrics has made specific recommendations for the prevention of iron de-ficiency anemia in children.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868309059843

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Sickle cell anemia is a chronic disease characterized by intermittent, acute crises of varying frequency and severity. It is an illness without a cure and without a predictable course. This combination of chronicity and acute illness presents a unique challenge in pediatric nursing care. A discussion of the pathophysiologic and clinical manifestations of sickle cell anemia in children is presented, followed by aqn update in medical treatement and a generalized plan for nursing management.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868309059844

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP) is an acquired blood disorder characterized by increased platelet destruction, low platelet counts, and a potential for serious bleeding. The disease may follow a viral illness and is very often an immune-mediated process. While it is usually a transient disorder that resolves spontaneously within 6 months, it may have a prolonged course and require medical intervention.Several treatment modalities are currently being used in childhood ITP. The administration of steroids is the most common and most controversial. Other routine management includes preventing injury and controlling any acute bleeding that may occur, the most serious being intracranial and gastrointestinal.The prognosis for childhood ITP is excellent, and greater than 90 percent of children are well by year.

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868309059845

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Patients diagnosed with hemophilia, a chronic hereditary deficiency of the coagulation mechanism, require expert care and management to minimize the potentially devastating side effects of this complicated disease. Hemophilia treatment centers are designated medical facilities where comprehensive careis readily available to treat the patient with clotting factor deficiencies and to screen for potential complications.Although there is no cure for hemophilia to date, current advances in technology and medical management have facilitated and expanded home therapy/self-infusion programs to treat bleeding episodes early, improve the quality of life. and lessen the morbidity. This article will review both hemophilia A and hemophilia B, presenting both the clinical and the psychosocial aspects and highlighting current trends and advances

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868309059846

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Acute leukemia is the major cancer of childhood, occurring in two forms: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia(ANLL), the latter being a composite of several varieties of acute leukemia. With optimum treatment today, successful remission occurs in a majority of children with leukemia, and significant numbers of these children are becoming long-term, disease-free survivors. These new successes have raised several new issues. Although progress has been slower in ANLL than in ALL, recent developments in acute leukemia investigations include new clues about the etiology and biology of the disease, more refined methods of classifying and subclassifying leukemia types, identification of prognostic factors that can be used to design treatment regimens, development and trial of new therapy plans for patients with a poor prognosis, and improvements in supportive care. For many children it is now more appropriate to consider leukemia a chronic life-threatening illness, and efforts are underway to reduce or prevent longterm medical and psychosocial complications so that today's cured children do not become tomorrow's disabled adults. For other children, leukemia remains a fatal disease, and attention is being directed toward improved understanding of the determinants of the disease and the development of innovative treatment strategies. If current challenges can be overcome, leukemia may be almost entirely curable within the next 20 years, and it may ultimately be preventable

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868309059847

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0146-0862    

DOI:10.3109/01460868309059841

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor